Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women globally. Over-activated estrogen receptor (ER) α signaling is considered the main factor in luminal breast cancers, which can be effectively managed with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen. However, approximately 30-40% of ER + breast cancer cases are recurrent after tamoxifen therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn optical remote sensing image object detection, discontinuous boundaries often limit detection accuracy, particularly at high Intersection over Union (IoU) thresholds. This paper addresses this issue by proposing the Spatial Adaptive Angle-Aware (SA3) Network. The SA3 Network employs a hierarchical refinement approach, consisting of coarse regression, fine regression, and precise tuning, to optimize the angle parameters of rotated bounding boxes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been postulated as an important source cell in regenerative medicine. During subculture expansion, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence diminishes their multi-differentiation capabilities, leading to a loss of therapeutic potential. Up to date, the extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have been demonstrated to be involved in senescence but the roles of eccDNAs during MSC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSaxitoxin (STX) is a cyanotoxin with high toxicity, and therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a facile detection method for STX. In this study, an ordered nanopillar array-based electrochemical aptasensor was fabricated for the high-performance detection of STX. The anti-STX aptamer with methylene blue (MB) incorporated at the 3'-end (MB-Apt) was immobilized at the surface of an Au@PAN nanopillar array electrode and used as the recognition element.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Hippo pathway is generally understood to inhibit tumor growth by phosphorylating the transcriptional cofactor YAP to sequester it to the cytoplasm and reduce the formation of YAP-TEAD transcriptional complexes. Aberrant activation of YAP occurs in various cancers. However, we found a tumor-suppressive function of YAP in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
May 2024
Background: There are often subtle early symptoms of colorectal cancer, a common malignancy of the intestinal tract. However, it is not yet clear how MYC and NCAPG2 are involved in colorectal cancer.
Method: We obtained colorectal cancer datasets GSE32323 and GSE113513 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).
Despite the specificity and effectiveness of antibody therapy, resistance to treatment remains a major barrier for their broad clinical applications. While genetic mutations are known to be critical, the impact of non-genetic mechanisms, such as epigenetic changes and phenotypic adaptations, on resistance to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is not fully understood. Our study investigated the non-genetic resistance mechanisms that colorectal cancer cells develop against cetuximab and the resulting ADCC pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present an efficient approach for electron ptychography based on a mathematical relationship that differs from that underlying the established algorithms of the ptychography iterative engine or the noniterative algorithms like the Wigner-distribution-deconvolution or the single-side-band method. Three variables are handled in this method-the transfer function of the objective lens, the object spectrum, and the diffraction wave whose phase is unknown. In the case of an aberration-corrected electron microscope, one is able to obtain a well-estimated transfer function of the lens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCovalent conjugation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is frequently employed to enhance the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of various protein and nanoparticle therapeutics. Unfortunately, some PEGylated drugs can induce elevated levels of antibodies that can bind PEG, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Systemic allergic reactions (sARs) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines were initially reported at a higher rate than after traditional vaccines.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the safety of revaccination in these individuals and to interrogate mechanisms underlying these reactions.
Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded, phase 2 trial, participants aged 16 to 69 years who previously reported a convincing sAR to their first dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were randomly assigned to receive a second dose of BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) vaccine and placebo on consecutive days in a blinded, 1:1 crossover fashion at the National Institutes of Health.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is frequently used in various protein and nanomedicine therapeutics. However, various studies have shown that select PEGylated therapeutics can induce production of anti-PEG antibodies (APA), potentially culminating in rapid clearance from the systemic circulation, loss of efficacy and possibly increased risks of allergic reactions. Although IgE is a frequent cause of immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHR), the role of IgE APA in PEG-related IHR is not well understood, due in part to a lack of standardized assays for measuring IgE APA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
December 2023
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the mucosal layer of the colon (large intestine). However, the relationship between Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM1), SELL and UC is unclear. The UC datasets, GSE87466 and GSE36807, were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe over-activation of ERα signaling is regarded as the major driver for luminal breast cancers, which could be effective controlled via selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM), such as tamoxifen. The endocrine resistance is still a challenge for breast cancer treatment, while recently studies implicate the post-translational modification on ERα play important roles in endocrine resistance. The stability of ERα protein and ERα transcriptome are subject to a balance between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrack disease is one of the most serious and common diseases in road detection. Traditional manual methods for measuring crack detection can no longer meet the needs of road crack detection. In previous work, the authors proposed a crack detection method for asphalt pavements based on an improved YOLOv5s model, which is a better model for detecting various types of cracks in asphalt pavements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Clin Cancer Res
November 2023
Background: The Hippo pathway is crucial in organ size control and tumorigenesis. Dysregulation of the Hippo/YAP axis is commonly observed in gastric cancer, while effective therapeutic targets for the Hippo/YAP axis are lacking. Identification of reliable drug targets and the underlying mechanisms that could inhibit the activity of the Hippo/YAP axis and gastric cancer progression is urgently needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukemia is an abnormal proliferation of white blood cells in the bone marrow, resulting in a large accumulation of abnormal leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow. Hemorrhoids are dilated and swollen veins in the rectum or anal area. However, the relationship between CALM3 and leukemia and hemorrhoids remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe interactions between polymers and the immune system remains poorly controlled. In some instances, the immune system can produce antibodies specific to polymer constituents. Indeed, roughly half of pegloticase patients without immunomodulation develop high titers of anti-PEG antibodies (APA) to the PEG polymers on pegloticase, which then quickly clear the drug from circulation and render the gout treatment ineffective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA simple and reliable method is developed to fabricate Ag-nanoparticle-decorated Co(OH) nanoflowers grafted on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanopillar arrays as uniform and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. First, Co(OH)-nanosheet-assembled nanoflowers are achieved on the highly uniform PAN nanopillar arrays via electrochemical deposition. Then, Ag nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are decorated onto the Au-nanoparticle-precoated Co(OH) nanoflowers based on a spontaneous redox reaction (SRR) between the silver ions and Co(OH) nanosheets at room temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn situ observations of the austenite grain growth and martensite transformations in developed NM500 wear-resistant steel were conducted via confocal laser scanning high-temperature microscopy. The results indicated that the size of the austenite grains increased with the quenching temperature (37.41 μm at 860 °C → 119.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Image Process
May 2023
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. The Hippo signaling pathway has emerged as a significant suppressive pathway for hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The core components of the Hippo pathway constitute a kinase cascade, which inhibits the functional activation of YAP/TAZ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell
July 2023
Adverse weather conditions in real-world scenarios lead to performance degradation of deep learning-based detection models. A well-known method is to use image restoration methods to enhance degraded images before object detection. However, how to build a positive correlation between these two tasks is still technically challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Clin Cancer Res
December 2022
Background: Recently genome-based studies revealed that the abnormality of Hippo signaling is pervasive in TNBC and played important role in cancer progression. RING finger protein 31 (RNF31) comes to RING family E3 ubiquitin ligase. Our previously published studies have revealed RNF31 is elevated in ER positive breast cancer via activating estrogen signaling and suppressing P53 pathway.
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