High Thyroglobulin Antibody Levels Increase the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Despite the many studies examining thyroid cancers, the effect of thyroid autoantibodies on differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association between serologic thyroid autoantibodies (ATAs) and DTC, we retrospectively evaluated data of thyroid nodules obtained from patients who underwent thyroid surgery.

Methods: Data of thyroid nodules obtained from 1,638 patients who underwent thyroid surgery were evaluated.

Differential Clinicopathological Risk and Prognosis of Major Papillary Thyroid Cancer Variants.

Context: Individualized management, incorporating papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) variant-specific risk, is conceivably a useful treatment strategy for PTC, which awaits comprehensive data demonstrating differential risks of PTC variants to support.

Objective: This study sought to establish the differential clinicopathological risk of major PTC variants: conventional PTC (CPTC), follicular-variant PTC (FVPTC), and tall-cell PTC (TCPTC).

Methods: This was a retrospective study of clinicopathological outcomes of 6282 PTC patients (4799 females and 1483 males) from 26 centers and The Cancer Genome Atlas in 14 countries with a median age of 44 years (interquartile range, 33-56 y) and median follow-up time of 37 months (interquartile range, 15-82 mo).

Prevalence and Determinants of Metabolic Health in Subjects with Obesity in Chinese Population.

Background: The study was to investigate the prevalence of metabolic health in subjects with obesity in the Chinese population and to identify the determinants related to metabolic abnormality in obese individuals.

Methods: 5013 subjects were recruited from seven provincial capitals in China. The obesity and metabolic status were classified based on body mass index (BMI) and the number of abnormalities in common components of metabolic syndrome.

Lower Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level is Associated With 3 Types of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are common autoimmune disorders. A few studies have analyzed the association between serum vitamin D levels and AITD, and available data remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and 3 types of AITD, that is Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and postpartum thyroiditis (PPT).

Type 1 Diabetic Populations Have an Increased Prevalence of Parietal Cell Antibody: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The presence of parietal cell antibody (PCA) in serum is a biomarker of autoimmune gastritis. PCA directly recognizes the H/K ATPase expressed in parietal cells, which is responsible for the active transport of hydrogen ions in exchange for potassium ions to increase the acidity of gastric secretions. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mainly results from pancreatic β-cell destruction due to cell-type specific autoimmunity.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs3792876 in SLC22A4 gene with autoimmune thyroid disease in a Chinese Han population.

Background: The autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), are caused by interactions between susceptibility genes and environmental triggers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Solute carrier family 22, member 4 (SLC22A4) have been shown to be associated with several autoimmune diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study is to investigate whether SNP rs3792876 in the SLC22A4 gene is associated with GD, HT and AITD in a Chinese Han population.

Twist1 regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the NF-κB pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Expression of the oncogene Twist1 is correlated with tumor development and metastasis. Recent studies have suggested that the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is necessary for tumor progression and metastases. Little is known concerning the role of Twist1 and EMT in thyroid cancer.

High Body Mass Index Is an Indicator of Maternal Hypothyroidism, Hypothyroxinemia, and Thyroid-Peroxidase Antibody Positivity during Early Pregnancy.

Background: Maternal thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy complications and neurocognitive deficiencies in the developing fetus. Currently, some researchers demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) is associated with thyroid function in nonpregnant population. Hence, the American Thyroid Association recommended screening thyroid function in obese pregnant women; however, the evidence for this is weak.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Abundant evidence suggests an association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but small sample sizes and inconclusive data in the literature complicate this assertion.

Objective: We measured the prevalence of SCH in T2DM population, and investigated whether T2DM increase the risk of SCH and whether SCH was associated with diabetic complications.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wan Fang, CNKI and VIP databases for literature search.

Tg in Adults as a Sensitive Biomarker of Iodine Status: A 5-Year Follow up Population Study in Different Levels of Iodine Intake Regions.

This study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum thymoglobulin (Tg) in adults to assess iodine status through a 5-year cohort study which was conducted in three regions with different levels of iodine intake: mild deficiency, more than adequate, and excess, from 1999 to 2004 in China. A total of 3099 subjects over 14 years old with normal serum levels of Tg in 1999 were eligible, of whom 2448 were followed in 2004. Serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibodies as well as urine iodine were measured, and B-mode ultrasonography of the thyroid was performed.

Altered expression of estrogen receptor β2 is associated with different biological markers and clinicopathological factors in papillary thyroid cancer.

Estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER)-α and -β play a role in the development and progression of thyroid cancer. ERβ2 is one major splicing variant of ERβ. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of ERβ2 protein expression in the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) lesion.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies are dominant but insufficient to identify most Chinese with adult-onset non-insulin requiring autoimmune diabetes: LADA China study 5.

Aims: Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes is prevalent in China, in contrast to childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus. Islet autoantibodies are the most important immune biomarkers to diagnose autoimmune diabetes. We assayed four different islet autoantibodies in recently diagnosed adult non-insulin-requiring diabetes Chinese subjects to investigate the best antibody assay strategy for the correct diagnosis of these subjects.

Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis in NOD.H-2h4 Mice.

Background: Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the suppressive effect of selenium (Se) treatment on serum thyroid-specific antibody titers in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), but the mechanism underlying this process is not clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of selenium on the incidence and severity of AIT, titers of thyroid autoantibodies, and selenoprotein expression in thyroid in a spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) model.

Methods: NOD.

The Correlation between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and Thyroid Hormones in the General Population: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Certain epidemiological studies have suggested exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) affect the production and secretion of thyroid hormones (TH); however, conflicting results have been reported in different studies. There is not a convincing conclusion about this debate to date.

Materials And Methods: To perform a meta-analysis determining if there are correlations between PBDEs exposure and the serum levels of TH.

Glycemic control rate of T2DM outpatients in China: a multi-center survey.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated mortality and morbidity are strongly dependent on glycemic control. With T2DM prevalence increasing in China, we aimed to assess glycemic control rates in Chinese T2DM outpatients.

Material/methods: A total of 9065 adult T2DM outpatients (5035 men) were assessed in 26 Chinese medical centers between August 2010 and April 2012.

Treatment with Iodine in Pregnant Rats with Marginal Iodine Deficiency Improves Cell Migration in the Developing Brain of the Progeny.

Marginal iodine deficiency is a common health problem in pregnant women. Epidemiological and animal studies had shown that marginally maternal iodine deficiency could cause the mild changes of maternal thyroid function, eventually lead to a negative effect on neurodevelopment. But the underlying mechanisms responsible for the neurological impairment remain unclear.

Efficacy and safety of avandamet or uptitrated metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin alone: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: At present, China has listed the compound tablet containing a fixed dose of rosiglitazone and metformin, Avandamet, which may improve patient compliance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Avandamet or uptitrated metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin alone.

Methods: This study was a 48-week, multicenter, randomized, open-labeled, active-controlled trial.

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have higher prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Thyroid autoimmunity is considered the most common type of organ-specific autoimmune disorder and can be associated with other autoimmune endocrine disorders or non-endocrine diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypical autoimmune disorder with multifactorial etiology. The pathogenesis and development of the disease may result from a loss of immune tolerance and the resulting synthesis of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens.

A Patient With a Thyrotropin-Secreting Microadenoma and Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (P453T).

Context: Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) β is due to mutations in the β-isoform of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR). TSH-secreting adenomas (TSHomas) are presumed to represent clonal expansion and have been reported to contain TRβ gene mutations. Mice with a knock-in mutation in the TRβ gene spontaneously develop TSHomas, although as yet no patient has been reported to have both a TSHoma and RTHβ.

Expression of Iodotyrosine Deiodinase in Thyroid and Other Organs in Iodine-Deficient and Iodine-Excess Rats.

In mammals, iodothyronine deiodinase and iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD) are known to catalyze the reductive dehalogenation. IYD is a critical enzyme in maintaining iodine homeostasis. Advances in the study of iodothyronine deiodinase have been published steadily; research on IYD has been slow on its function and regulation.

Effects of isolated positive maternal thyroglobulin antibodies on brain development of offspring in an experimental autoimmune thyroiditis model.

Background: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a very common endocrine disorder in pregnancy. However, the effect of maternal positive thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) on brain development of offspring remains unclear. This study used an experimental autoimmune thyroiditis model in CBA/J mice and determined whether isolated positive maternal TgAb directly affected learning and memory abilities of offspring.

Clinical and genetic analysis of a family diagnosed with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia in which the proband was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To perform clinical and genetic analysis of a family with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia in which the proband had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Direct sequencing was performed on candidate genes such as APOB, PCSK9, and ANGPTL3. The effect of the mutant gene on lipid profile was investigated using biochemical methods.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activity via 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Obesity-related insulin resistance is associated with chronic systemic low-grade inflammation, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) regulates inflammation. We investigated the pathways involved in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) modulation of insulin and TLR4 signaling in adipocytes. Inflammation was induced in adipocytes by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).