Unveiling the link: anti-protein disulfide isomerase A3 autoantibody expression and polycystic ovary syndrome risk in euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis women.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common complication of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in women, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) is a ubiquitous protein. We have reported that PDIA3 autoantibody (PDIA3Ab) production results from autoimmune responses against thyrocytes, resulting in its high expression in euthyroid AIT patients.

Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Clinicians often consider the use of dietary supplements to assist in lowering thyroid autoantibody titres in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Currently, different supplements differ in their ability to reduce autoantibody levels. The purpose of this article is to compare the ability of different supplements to lower autoantibody titres and restore TSH levels through a systematic literature review.

Iodine activates NLRP3 inflammasomes in PBMCs of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, and regulates Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation.

Inflammasomes are associated with various autoimmune diseases. Herein, we aimed to study the occurrence of inflammasomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), and the relationship between their abundance and the inflammatory response index of AIT. Furthermore, we examined the effect of iodine on inflammasomes containing NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and inflammasome activation of helper T cell (Th) differentiation regulation in cultured PBMCs.

The Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites and Their Association with the Risk of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

: Observational research shows associations of the gut microbiota and its metabolites with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), but the causality is undetermined. : Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to analyze the association of the gut microbiota and its metabolites with AITD. A total of 119 gut microbiotas and nine fecal/circulating metabolites were the exposures.

Serum metabolite profiles of thyroid autoimmunity patients in early pregnancy.

Background: Research on serum metabolite profiles in thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) patients during early pregnancy is currently limited.

Aim & Methods: The current study aimed to identify differential serum metabolites and assess the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and metabolic abnormalities in individuals with TAI. This research included 26 pregnant women with TAI and 30 healthy controls (HC).

Thyrotropin reference interval in older adults.

It is estimated that by the year 2050, 16% of the world's population will be 65 years old and above. As the global aging population continues to grow, there is an increasing focus on thyroid disorders among older individuals. Thyrotropin is widely used in diagnosing subclinical thyroid diseases due to its high sensitivity as an indicator of changes in thyroid function.

Associations between various anthropometric indices and hypertension and hyperlipidaemia: a cross-sectional study in China.

Background: This study aims to explore the association and determine the distinguished potential of anthropometric adiposity indices in screening for hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in the Chinese population.

Methods: A recent nationwide cross-sectional study, called the Thyroid Disorders, Iodine State, and Diabetes Epidemiological Survey (TIDE 2015-2017), provided the newest data on the relationships between anthropometric adiposity indices and hypertension and hyperlipidaemia and included 65,231 subjects. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the feasibility of using these indices to distinguish hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.

The Relationships among the Urinary Iodine Concentration, Selenium Intake, and Thyroid Antibodies in Adults, Including the Interaction between Iodine and Selenium: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the urinary iodine concentration (UIC)-thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) association and UIC-selenium intake interaction in U.S. adults.

Thyroid function, physical activity and sedentary behaviour: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation study.

Background: The interinfluence of thyroid function and daily physical activity (PA) remains unclear. We examined the causal relationship between genetically proxied thyroid-related traits; hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), and daily PA measures; leisure screen time (LST) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.

Methods: We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the ThyroidOmics Consortium and the most comprehensive meta-analysis on PA, comprising data on hypothyroidism (n = 53 423), hyperthyroidism (n = 51 823), TSH within the reference range (n = 54 288), fT4 within the reference range (n = 49 269), LST (n = 526 725), and MVPA (n = 608 595) to conduct a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis.

Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Fine Particulate Matter and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM) is associated with the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women and neonates, but it is not known if this association occurs in the general population. We aimed to determine the association of prolonged exposure to PM with the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adults in China.

Relationship Between Serum Thyrotropin Levels and Metabolic Diseases in Older Adults.

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with metabolic diseases; however, it remains controversial in older individuals.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the relationship between thyrotropin (TSH) levels and metabolic diseases.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, sampling was conducted from nationally representative general communities from 31 provinces in mainland China.

Influence of ear tags on the results of body composition analysis in mice.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking methods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the selection of marking methods in mouse body composition analysis.

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned for pre- and post- ear tagging measurements. The body composition of the mice was measured using a small animal body composition analyzer, which provided measurements of the mass of fat, lean, and free fluid.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and thyroid disorders: a cross-sectional survey and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Metabolic diseases are associated with thyroid disorders. Insulin resistance is the common pathological basis of metabolic diseases. We explored the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a simple insulin-resistance marker, and thyroid disorders.

Causal association between low vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent studies have revealed the correlation between serum vitamin D (VD) level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the causality and specific mechanisms remain uncertain.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the cause-effect relationship between serum VD and PCOS, and the role of testosterone in the related pathological mechanisms.

Methods: We assessed the causality between serum VD and PCOS by using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data in a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (TS-MR) analysis.

Thyroid function variations within the reference range and cognitive function: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The causal relationship between thyroid function variations within the reference range and cognitive function remains unknown. We aimed to explore this causal relationship using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: Summary statistics of a thyroid function genome-wide association study (GWAS) were obtained from the ThyroidOmics consortium, including reference range thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (N = 54,288) and reference range free thyroxine (FT4) (N = 49,269).

Evaluation of stromal myofibroblasts in oral submucous fibrosis and its malignant transformation: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous lesion, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the most prevalent malignancy affecting the oral mucosa. The malignant transformation of OSF into OSCC is estimated to occur in 7-13% of cases. Myofibroblasts (MFs) play pivotal roles in both physiological and pathological processes, such as wound healing and tumorigenesis, respectively.

Exploring the bi-directional relationship between periodontitis and dyslipidemia: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: As periodontitis and dyslipidemia are diseases that occur with high incidence, the relationship between them has attracted much attention. Previous studies on these diseases have tended to focus on lipid parameters and periodontitis, we aimed to investigate the relationship between dyslipidemia and periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search to identify the studies investigating the relationship between dyslipidemia and periodontitis was performed on PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library before the date of August, 2023.

A Chinese survey of clinical practice on the management of thyroid eye disease.

Objective: The management of thyroid eye disease (TED) has undergone significant changes for decades. The study sought to investigate current clinical practice on the management of TED in China.

Methods: An online questionnaire survey was conducted from April to May 2023.

Changing trends in the global, regional, and national burden of iodine deficiency among adolescents and young adults: population-based study.

Unlabelled: Iodine is a micronutrient required for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and neurodevelopment. Iodine deficiency among adolescents and young adults is a major global health issue. We analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database to calculate the prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates of iodine deficiency among adolescents and young adults.

Vitamin E Intake and Prevalence Rates of Thyroid Dysfunction and Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES Data.

Thyroid disorders are associated with various dietary factors and nutritional elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between dietary vitamin E intake and the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibody positivity using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Data from the NHANES database collected between 2007 and 2012 were analyzed.

Global, regional, and national burden of type 1 diabetes in adolescents and young adults.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in adolescents varies widely, but has increased globally in recent years. This study reports T1D burden among adolescents and young adults aged 10-24-year-old age group at global, regional, and national levels.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we described the burden of T1D in the 10-24-year-old age group.

Dynamic changes in the gut microbiota during three consecutive trimesters of pregnancy and their correlation with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.

Introduction: During normal pregnancy, changes in the gut microbiota (GM) in response to physiological alterations in hormonal secretion, immune functions and homeostasis have received extensive attention. However, the dynamic changes in the GM during three consecutive trimesters of pregnancy and their relationship with glucose and lipid metabolism have not been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in the diversity and species of the GM during three consecutive trimesters in women who naturally conceived, and their relationships with abnormal fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum lipid levels.