Gold saturable metasurface for building a wavelength-tunable optical spiking neuron.

Plasmonic resonant metasurfaces have found many applications in nonlinear optics, such as harmonic generation, all-optical modulation, saturable absorption, etc. A saturable absorber, as a key device for pulsing emission, plays an important role in building passively Q-switched or mode-locked fiber lasers. Recently, excitable fiber lasers have attracted much attention in the area of neuromorphic photonics.

One-Step Dry-Etching Fabrication of Tunable Two-Hierarchical Nanostructures.

Two-hierarchical nanostructures, characterized by two distinct configurations along the height direction, exhibit immense potential for applications in various fields due to their significantly enhanced controllable degree compared to single-order structures. However, due to the limitations imposed by planar technology, the realization of two-hierarchical nanostructures encounters huge challenges. In this work, we developed a one-step etching method based on inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching for two-hierarchical nanostructures.

Momentum-space spin texture induced by strain gradient in nominally centrosymmetric SrIrO films.

Spin texture in -space is a consequence of spin splitting due to strong spin-orbit coupling and inversion symmetry breaking. It underlies fertile spin transport phenomena and is of crucial importance for spintronics. Here, we observe the spin texture in -space of nominally centrosymmetric SrIrO grown on NdGaO (110) substrates, using non-linear magnetotransport measurements.

Numerical Simulation Study on Spatial Diffusion Behavior of Non-Point Source Fugitive Dust under Different Enclosure Heights.

Non-point source fugitive dust produced during municipal road construction is one of the main ambient air pollutants gravely threatening the life and health of construction workers and residents around construction areas. In this study, a gas-solid two-phase flow model is used to simulate the diffusion behavior of non-point source dust with different enclosure heights under wind loads. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of the enclosure on the diffusion of non-point source dust from construction to residential areas is analyzed.

Characterization of exosomes derived from IPEC-J2 treated with probiotic SC06 and its regulation of macrophage functions.

Probiotics can maintain or improve health by modulating the response of immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the mechanisms by which probiotics promote macrophage (Mφ) activity are poorly understood. Here, we evaluated exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells treated with SC06 (Ba) and investigated the regulation of Mφ phagocytosis, apoptosis, and polarization.

Effects of collagen peptides from skin on oxidative damage induced by cyclophosphamide in mice.

To investigate the protective effect of collagen peptide from skin (CPMs) on oxidative damage induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. Balb/c female mice were divided into blank, model (cyclophosphamide, CTX), positive control (levamisole hydrochloride), and collagen peptide low-, medium-, and high-dose groups. The results showed that CPMs increase the body mass and immune-related organ indexes, such as liver and kidneys of immunosuppressed mice.

Atomic Layer Assembly Based on Sacrificial Templates for 3D Nanofabrication.

Three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures have attracted widespread attention in physics, chemistry, engineering sciences, and biology devices due to excellent functionalities which planar nanostructures cannot achieve. However, the fabrication of 3D nanostructures is still challenging at present. Reliable fabrication, improved controllability, and multifunction integration are desired for further applications in commercial devices.

Sulforaphane alleviates high fat diet-induced insulin resistance via AMPK/Nrf2/GPx4 axis.

Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural antioxidant extracted from the cruciferous vegetables. Recent study reported that SFN exhibits excellent anti-diabetic effects, however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Structural characterization and antagonistic effect against P-selectin-mediated function of SFF-32, a fucoidan fraction from Sargassum fusiforme.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell, or Haizao, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since at least the eighth century a.d. S.

Structural Characterization of Polysaccharide and Its Property in Delaying Cellular Senescence.

The sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the purified polysaccharide (PGP), and its property in delaying HO-induced 2BS cellular senescence was studied. The results showed that PGP was a linear polysaccharide containing alternating α-(1 → 3)- and β-(1 → 4)-galactopyranose units. Most of the sulfate groups are at C6 of the -(1 → 4)-α-D-Galp, and a small part of them are at C3 and C6.

Highly Enhanced Photoluminescence of Monolayer MoS in Plasmonic Hybrids with Double-Layer Stacked Ag Nanoparticles.

In this work, a feasible method was proposed to prepare MoS-based plasmonic hybrid systems with high photoluminescence (PL) emission enhancement. The enhancement effect of plasmonic hybrids on the PL emission of MoS has been systematically studied on MoS/Ag spherical nanoparticle (SP) hybrid systems with different architectures by changing the stacking position of Ag SPs. It is demonstrated that the sandwich-like hybrid composed of monolayer MoS and dielectric AlO layer between two layers of Ag SPs has the highest PL enhancement.

Sulphated glucuronomannan tetramer and hexamer from Sargassum thunbergii exhibit anti-human cytomegalovirus activity by blocking viral entry.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains a major public health burden worldwide. The anti-HCMV activity of glucuronomannan oligosaccharides (Gs) and sulphated glucuronomannan oligosaccharides (SGs) was investigated. Among these Gs and SGs, G4S1 and G6S1 (higher sulphated glucuronomannan tetramer and hexamer) showed satisfactory anti-HCMV activity starting at 50 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively.

Ethanol extract of Sargarsum fusiforme alleviates HFD/STZ-induced hyperglycemia in association with modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites in type 2 diabetic mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a rapidly growing chronic disease that threatens human health worldwide. Extracts of various seaweeds have been shown to have anti-diabetic activity. Sargarsum fusiforme, an edible brown seaweed, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity activities.

Antiaging compounds from marine organisms.

Marine organisms have received mounting attention in antiaging activity due to their exclusive chemicals. This review aims at revealing and discussing prospective antiaging substance from marine macroalgae, micaroalgae, invertebrate and vertebrate. The activity and mechanism of the carbohydrate, protein, pigment, flavonoids, fatty acids, phenols from marine organisms were revealed through a variety of antiaging experimental models such as rats, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans.

fucoidan modifies gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites during alleviation of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice.

Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated metabolic disorder that is now considered as a major global public health problem. Fucoidan exhibits diverse biological activities, especially prevention of metabolic diseases. In this regard, we herein aimed to reveal the beneficial effect of Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan (SFF) on high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2DM mice.

The Diagnostic Value of Exosome-Derived Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnoses once depended on neuropathologic examination. Now, many widely used, validated biomarkers benefits for monitoring of AD neuropathologic changes. Exosome-derived biomarker studies have reported them to be significantly related to AD's early occurrence and development, although the findings are inconclusive.

Telemedicine interventions to reduce blood pressure in a chronic disease population: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for many chronic diseases. Many investigations conducted using telemedicine (TM)-based interventions have the potential to control BP. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of TM-based interventions in reducing BP.

Neurofilament light chain level in traumatic brain injury: A system review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neurofilament light (NfL) level was obviously increased in traumatic brain injury (TBI) individuals. But, no comprehensive meta-analysis has ever been conducted to assess the diagnostic performance of NfL. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between NfL level and TBI through a meta-analysis.

Comparative analysis of maca (Lepidium meyenii) proteome profiles reveals insights into response mechanisms of herbal plants to high-temperature stress.

Background: High-temperature stress (HTS) is one of the main environmental stresses that limit plant growth and crop production in agricultural systems. Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is an important high-altitude herbaceous plant adapted to a wide range of environmental stimuli such as cold, strong wind and UV-B exposure. However, it is an extremely HTS-sensitive plant species.

Inhibition of glucuronomannan hexamer on the proliferation of lung cancer through binding with immunoglobulin G.

The anti-lung cancer activity of oligosaccharides derived from glucuronomannan was investigated. The inhibition of A549 cell proliferation by glucuronomannan (Gn) and its oligomers (dimer (G2), tetramer (G4) and hexamer (G6)) were concentration dependent. In vivo activities on the A549-derived tumor xenografts showed the tumor inhibition of G2, G4 and G6 were 17 %, 40 % and 46 %, respectively.

Polysaccharides from Hemp Seed Protect against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Intestinal Oxidative Damage via Nrf2-Keap1 Signaling Pathway in Mice.

Hemp seed has been used as a traditional oriental medicine and health food in China for centuries. Polysaccharides from hemp seed (HSP) exhibit important properties of intestinal protection, but there are limited data on the specific underlying mechanism. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of HSP on intestinal oxidative damage induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy) in mice.

Agonistic behaviors and neuronal activation in sexually naïve female Mongolian gerbils.

Agonistic interaction is important for establishing social hierarchy and determining access to limited resources. Although there are substantial studies investigating the neural mechanisms of aggressive or defensive behavior in male rodents, little attention has been paid to the mechanisms underlying agonistic behaviors in females. In the present study, we depicted patterns of agonistic behaviors in sexually naïve female Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and examined the neuronal activation in the brain by Fos-immunoreactive (Fos-ir) staining.

Structural characteristics and anti-complement activities of polysaccharides from Sargassum hemiphyllum.

Three polysaccharides (SH-1, SH-2 and SH-3) were purified from a brown macroalgea, Sargassum hemiphyllum. The autohydrolysis products from each polysaccharide were separated to three fractions (S fractions as oligomers, L fractions as low molecular weight polysaccharides and H fractions as high molecular weight polysaccharides). Mass spectroscopy of S fractions (SH-1-S, SH-2-S and SH-3-S) showed that these three polymers all contained short stretches of sulfated fucose.