Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of and in Public Drinking Water in China.

We aimed to assess the risks of and infections associated with drinking water for local residents, based on a quantitative microbial risk assessment, in three densely populated regions of China. In total, 45 source water samples and 45 treated water samples were collected from June to December 2014. Five -positive samples and 5 -positive samples were found.

[Molecular characteristics and RNA interference efficiency of Schistosoma japonicum Sj79 gene].

Objective: To study the structural features and characteristics of a novel gene Schistosoma japonicum 79 (Sj79), and observe its effect of RNA interference (RNAi) , so as to provide the experimental basis for its further function study and mechanism study of anti reproductive development of schistosome.

Methods: The gene structure and characteristics of Sj79 were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Then the expressions of Sj79 messenger RNA (mRNA) during the different developmental stages of schistosome were analyzed and the effects of RNAi silencing were observed by the soaking method.

[Effect of toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 deficiencies on the in vivo immune response against Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To explore the toll-like receptor 7 knocked out (TLR7-/-) mice immune response against Schistosoma japonicum.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice (WT) and TLR7-/- mice (TLR7-/-) were infected with 20 S. japonicum cercariae via shaved abdomen.

[Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the spleen and peripheral blood of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice].

Objective: To determine the accumulation of CD11b+ Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in Schistosorna japonicum-infected mice.

Methods: Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were infected cutaneously with S. japonicum cercariae.

Age-related infection with Cryptosporidium species and genotype in pigs in China.

Objective: Pigs, as hosts of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species/genotypes, are domestic animals with public health significance. The present study was to characterize the infection rate and species/genotype of Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned and post-weaned pigs from Shanghai and Shaoxing, China.

Methods: A total of 208 fecal samples (42 from pre-weaned piglets, and 166 from post-weaned pigs) were examined by nested PCR of the 18S rRNA gene and analyzed by phylogenetic DNA fragment sequencing of secondary PCR products.

Surveillance on the status of immune cells after Echinnococcus granulosus protoscoleces infection in Balb/c mice.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a global parasitic disease caused by infection with Echinococcus granulosus larvae with potentially life-threatening complications in humans. To date, the status of the immune cells believed to be associated with the pathogenicity of E. granulosus infection has not been demonstrated clearly.

[Cloning, expression and immunodiagnostic evaluation of enolase from Echinococcus granulosus].

Objective: To clone and express EgEno gene of Echinococcus granulosus, and to investigate the immunogenicity and diagnostic value of recombinant EgEno.

Methods: Total RNAS of E. granulosus was extracted and reversedly transcripted to cDNA.

[Cloning, expression and bioinformatics analysis of cyclophilin of Echinococcus granulosus].

Objective: To clone and express EgCyP gene of Echinococcus granulosas and analyze EgCyP using bioinformatics.

Methods: Total RNAS of adult E. granulosus was extracted and reversedly transcripted to cDNA.

[Preliminary study on the immunological characteristics of permissive and non-permissive hosts infected with Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To study the difference among immune responses of three kinds of experimental animals with different susceptibility to the infection of Schistosoma japonicum, and preliminarily explore the mechanism of the immune response in permissive and non-permissive hosts.

Methods: Twelve animals of each kind of rodents, C57BL/6 mice, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and Microtus fortis, were randomly divided into the infected group and uninfected group each with 6 animals. In infected groups of C57BL/6 mice, SD rats, and M.

[Cloning, expression and immunodiagnostic evaluation of antigen EPC1 from Echinococcus granulosus].

Objective: To clone and express EPCl gene of Echinococcus granulosus, and investigate its immunogenicity and diagnostic value.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from hydatid cyst protoscoleces and EPC1 gene of Echinococcus granulosus was amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector, and then subcloned into the prokaryotic expression vector PET28a(+).

[Identification of calf-origin Cryptosporidium bovis Shanghai isolate by nested PCR].

Objective: To identify a strain of Cryptosporidium in the feces of naturally infected calf in Shanghai.

Methods: Stool sample was examined by modified acid-fast staining. The size and morphology of the oocysts were microscopically determined.