S100A9 as a Key Myocardial Injury Factor Interacting with ATP5 Exacerbates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy.

Purpose: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is a prevalent cardiac dysfunction caused by sepsis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a crucial pathogenic factor associated with adverse cardiovascular adverse events; however, research on SICM remains insufficient.

Methods: To investigate the factors contributing to the pathological progression of SICM, we performed a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic data from the GEO database using bioinformatics and machine learning techniques.

The effects of antioxidant supplementation on short-term mortality in sepsis patients.

Background: The occurrence and development of sepsis are related to the excessive production of oxygen free radicals and the weakened natural clearance mechanism. Further dependable evidence is required to clarify the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy, especially its impact on short-term mortality.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of common antioxidant therapy on short-term mortality in patients with sepsis.

Matrix metalloproteinase-8 regulates dendritic cell tolerance in late polymicrobial sepsis via the nuclear factor kappa-B p65/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) are associated with poor prognosis of sepsis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been shown to have immunomodulatory effects. However, whether MMPs are involved in the functional reprogramming of DCs is unknown.

Risk model for predicting mortality in patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections in the intensive care unit.

Background: The goal of this study is to look into the factors that lead to death in patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections（NSTIs） in the intensive care unit and create a mortality risk model.

Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections admitted to intensive care unit(ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between January 2008 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the risk factors impacting patient mortality.

SUPPLEMENTATION WITH NICOTINAMIDE RIBOSIDE ATTENUATES T CELL EXHAUSTION AND IMPROVES SURVIVAL IN SEPSIS.

T cell exhaustion is the main cause of sepsis-induced immunosuppression and is associated with the poor prognosis. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) is well known for its anti-aging effect, but its role in sepsis-induced T cell exhaustion remains to be elucidated. In the present study, using a classic septic animal model, we found that the levels of NAD + and its downstream molecule, which is sirtuins 1 (SIRT1), in T cells in sepsis were decreased.

Mutual promotion of mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress contributes to mitochondrial-DNA-mediated inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is one of the main causes of death in patients with paraquat (PQ) poisoning. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress in PQ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and PF.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice and MLE-12 cells were exposed to PQ to construct a PF model and .

Expert consensus on the monitoring and treatment of sepsis-induced immunosuppression.

Emerged evidence has indicated that immunosuppression is involved in the occurrence and development of sepsis. To provide clinical practice recommendations on the immune function in sepsis, an expert consensus focusing on the monitoring and treatment of sepsis-induced immunosuppression was developed. Literature related to the immune monitoring and treatment of sepsis were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure to design items and expert opinions were collected through an online questionnaire.

FCGR2C: An emerging immune gene for predicting sepsis outcome.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening disease associated with immunosuppression. Immunosuppression could ultimately increase sepsis mortality. This study aimed to identify the prognostic biomarkers related to immunity in sepsis.

RNF219 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression by Activating the NF-κB Pathway.

In Southeast Asia, the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is high; however, the molecular mechanism governing the progression of NPC is unclear. The results of the present study revealed upregulation of ring finger protein 219 (RNF219) expression in NPC tissues and cells. Overexpression of RNF219 enhanced NPC cell invasion, migration, and proliferation; whereas knockdown of RNF219 had the opposite effects.

Vesicle transport related protein Synaptotagmin-1 mediates paraquat transport to antagonize paraquat toxicity.

In this study, A549/PQ cells with moderate resistance to paraquat (PQ) were obtained by treating A549 cells with PQ, their growth rate was slowed down, the accumulation concentration of PQ and the levels of growth inhibition, injury and early apoptosis induced by PQ were significantly lower than those of parental A549 cells. Microarray screening and RT-qPCR detection found that Synaptotagmin-1 (SYT1) expression in drug-resistant cells was significantly increased, and PQ further enhanced its expression. After inhibiting SYT1 expression in A549/PQ cells, cell viability, intracellular PQ concentration and the expression of Bcl-2, SNAP25 and RAB26 were significantly reduced, while the mortality, early apoptosis rate and Bax expression were significantly increased.

CD71 Erythroid Cell Expansion in Adult Sepsis: Potential Causes and Role in Prognosis and Nosocomial Infection Prediction.

Background: Immune suppression contributes to nosocomial infections (NIs) and poor prognosis in sepsis. Recent studies revealed that CD71 erythroid cells had unappreciated immunosuppressive functions. This study aimed to investigate the values of CD71 erythroid cells (CECs) in predicting NIs and prognosis among adult septic patients.

Intensivists' response to hyperoxemia in mechanical ventilation patients: The status quo and related factors.

Background: Due to the still sparse literature in China, the investigation of hyperoxemia management is required. Thus, we aim to conduct a retrospective study to provide more information about hyperoxemia management in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: We retrospectively screened the medical records of adult patients (age ≥18 years) who required mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥24 hours from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018.

The Neuroprotective Effect of Short Chain Fatty Acids Against Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice.

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are known to be actively involved in multiple brain disorders, but their roles in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remain unclear. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of SCFAs on SAE in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were intragastrically pretreated with SCFAs for seven successive days, and then subjected to SAE induced by cecal ligation and puncture.

Arterial oxygen pressure targets in critically ill patients: Analysis of a large ICU database.

Background: Providing supplemental oxygen is common in the management of critically ill patients, yet the optimal oxygen regimen remains unclear.

Objectives: To explore the optimal range of PaO in critically ill patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database.

Association between furosemide administration and outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury.

Background: Although current guidelines for AKI suggested against the use of furosemide in AKI management, the effect of furosemide on outcomes in real-world clinical settings remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between furosemide administration and outcomes in critically ill patients with AKI using real-world data.

Methods: Critically ill patients with AKI were identified from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III database.

Mdivi-1 Protects CD4 T Cells against Apoptosis via Balancing Mitochondrial Fusion-Fission and Preventing the Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Sepsis.

Apoptosis of CD4 T cells plays a central role in the progression of sepsis because it is associated with subsequent immunosuppression and the lack of specific treatment. Thus, developing therapeutic strategies to attenuate the apoptosis of CD4 T cells in sepsis is critical. Several studies have demonstrated that Mdivi-1, which is a selective inhibitor of the dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), attenuates apoptosis of myocardial cells and neurons during various pathologic states.

Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets in sepsis-induced multiple organ failure.

Sepsis is a dysregulated response to severe infection characterized by life-threatening organ failure and is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Multiple organ failure is the central characteristic of sepsis and is associated with poor outcome of septic patients. Ultrastructural damage to the mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction are reported in sepsis.

Nrf2 overexpression protects against paraquat-induced A549 cell injury primarily by upregulating P-glycoprotein and reducing intracellular paraquat accumulation.

Paraquat (PQ) intoxication causes thousands of mortalities every year, worldwide. Its pulmonary-targeted accumulation and the acute lung injury it subsequently causes, remain a challenge for detoxification treatment. A previous study has demonstrated that the upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) prevents PQ toxicity in cell line and murine models.

Partial Depletion of Regulatory T Cells Enhances Host Inflammatory Response Against Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection After Sepsis.

Immune dysfunction contributes to secondary infection and worse outcomes in sepsis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Nevertheless, the role of Tregs in secondary infection after sepsis remains to be determined.

Role of the Ca-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell Pathway in Mitofusin-2-Mediated Immune Function of Jurkat Cells.

Background: Mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a well-known mitochondrial fusion protein, has been shown to participate in innate immunity, but its role in mediating adaptive immunity remains poorly characterized. In this study, we explored the potential role of MFN2 in mediating the immune function of T lymphocytes.

Methods: We manipulated MFN2 gene expression in Jurkat cells via lentiviral transduction of MFN2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or full-length MFN2.

Mitofusin 2 Promotes Apoptosis of CD4 T Cells by Inhibiting Autophagy in Sepsis.

Apoptosis of CD4 T cells is a primary pathophysiological mechanism of immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), an integral mitochondrial outer membrane protein, has been confirmed to be associated with cellular metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis. The function of Mfn2 in CD4 T cell apoptosis in sepsis is poorly understood.