Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Paeoniae Radix alba: Extraction optimization, structural characterization and antioxidant mechanism in vitro.

Paeoniae Radix alba is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, immunomodulatory, cancer, and other diseases. In the current study, the yield of Paeoniae Radix alba polysaccharide (PRP) was significantly increased with optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction compared to hot water extraction. Further, an acidic polysaccharide (PRP-AP) was isolated from PRP after chromatographic separation and was characterized as a typical pectic polysaccharide with side chains of arabinogalactans types I and II.

Polysaccharide from aerial part of alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in aging mice through modulating intestinal microbiota.

Aging is a biological process of progressive deterioration of physiological functions, which poses a serious threat to individual health and a heavy burden on public health systems. As population aging continues, research into anti-aging drugs that prolong life and improve health is of particular importance. In this study, the polysaccharide from stems and leaves of was obtained with water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and then separated and purified with DEAE anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration to obtain CVP-AP-I.

Angelica sinensis aboveground part polysaccharide and its metabolite 5-MT ameliorate colitis via modulating gut microbiota and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

The roots of Angelica sinensis have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. However, tons of aerial parts of this herb (aboveground part) are commonly discarded during the process of root preparations. A polysaccharide (ASP-Ag-AP) in the aboveground parts of A.

Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide and its related metabolite 5-methoxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde ameliorate experimental colitis by regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.

The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. However, tons of aerial parts of this plant are usually discarded in the production of roots preparation. To make better use of these plant resources, the polysaccharide isolated from the aerial part of S.

Benefits of neutral polysaccharide from rhizomes of to intestinal function of aged mice.

One purified neutral polysaccharide fraction was obtained from the rhizome of by DEAE ion exchange and gel chromatography. Structure elucidation was performed by methanolysis, methylation, FT-IR, and NMR. The results indicated that PSP-NP was composed of 1,4-β-D-Gal,1, 4, 6-β-D-Gal, T-α-D-Man,1, 4-α-D-Glc, and T-α-D-Glc with a molecular weight of 43.

The comparison of preliminary structure and intestinal anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of polysaccharides from different root parts of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The root of Angelica sinensis, has been commonly used in gynecology for centuries, and is normally applied divided into different parts in various clinical applications. At present, the majority of existing studies focus on the volatile oil and ferulic acid extracted from different parts of A. sinensis, but there is a dearth of scientific information on its water-soluble polysaccharides.

Restorative Effects of Inulin From on Intestinal Mucosal Immunity, Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Gut Microbiota of Immunosuppressed Mice.

An inulin (CPPF), isolated from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine , was characterized and demonstrated with potential prebiotic activity before. Based on its non-digested feature, the intestinal mucosa and microbiota modulatory effects on immunosuppressed mice were investigated after oral administration of 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg of CPPF for 7 days. It was demonstrated that the secretions of sIgA and mucin 2 (Muc2) in ileum were improved by CPPF, and the anti-inflammatory activities in different intestine parts were revealed.

Optimization Extraction of Shikonin Using Ultrasound-Assisted Response Surface Methodology and Antibacterial Studies.

The objectives of this study were to develop and optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for shikonin from using response surface methodology (RSM) and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of shikonin. The maximum yield of shikonin was 1.26% under the optimal extraction conditions (ultrasound power, 93 W; time, 87 min; temperature, 39°C; and liquid-solid ratio, 11 : 1).

Exosomes: Potential Therapies for Disease via Regulating TLRs.

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that retain various substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, and small RNAs. Exosomes play crucial roles in many physiological and pathological processes, including innate immunity. Innate immunity is an important process that protects the organism through activating pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which then can induce inflammatory factors to resist pathogen invasion.

Structural features of pectic polysaccharides from stems of two species of Radix Codonopsis and their antioxidant activities.

In this study, two pectic polysaccharides from stems of Codonopsis pilosula (CPSP-1) and C. tangshen (CTSP-1) were obtained by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular weight of CPSP-1 and CTSP-1 were 13.

A Polysaccharide Isolated from with Immunomodulation Effects Both In Vitro and In Vivo.

In this study, an acidic polysaccharide from Nannf. var. (Nannf.

Purification, chemical characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides isolated from Mycena dendrobii.

Two polysaccharides, MDP-1 and MDP-2, were obtained from the fermentation liquid of M. dendrobii by anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Their chemical structures were measured by FT-IR, GC, H and C NMR spectra, indicating the mainly compositions of mannose, xylose, and galactose for MDP-1; galacturonic acid, galactose and rhamnose for MDP-2.

Erianin against Infection via Inhibiting Sortase A.

With continuous emergence and widespread of multidrug-resistant infections, common antibiotics have become ineffective in treating these infections in the clinical setting. Anti-virulence strategies could be novel, effective therapeutic strategies against drug-resistant bacterial infections. Sortase A (srtA), a transpeptidase in gram-positive bacteria, can anchor surface proteins that play a vital role in pathogenesis of these bacteria.

The Polysaccharides from Modulates the Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Cyclophosphamide-Treated Immunosuppressed Mice.

Based on previous studies about microflora regulation and immunity enhancement activities of polysaccharides from Nannf. var. (Nannf.

Characterization and prebiotic activity in vitro of inulin-type fructan from Codonopsis pilosula roots.

The inulin-type fructan was obtained by DEAE anion exchange chromatography from C. pilosula Nannf. var.

Purification and Partial Structural Characterization of a Complement Fixating Polysaccharide from Rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong.

Rhizome of is an effective medical plant, which has been extensively applied for centuries in migraine and cardiovascular diseases treatment in China. Polysaccharides from this plant have been shown to have interesting bioactivities, but previous studies have only been performed on the neutral polysaccharides. In this study, LCP-I-I, a pectic polysaccharide fraction, was obtained from the 100 °C water extracts of rhizomes and purified by diethylaminethyl (DEAE) sepharose anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration.

[Anti-aging Effect of Urtica Polysaccharides in D-galactose Induced Aging Mice].

Objective: To investigate the anti-aging effect of polysaccharides from Urtica lobatifolia (Urtica polysaccharides) on subacute aging mice induced by D-galactose.

Methods: 90 mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal group, aging mice model group, V(E) group [100 mg/(kg x d), ig], high level of Urtica polysaccharides group [200 mg/(kg x d), ig], medium level of Urtica polysaccharides group [100 mg/(kg x d), ig] and low level of Urtica polysaccharides group [50 mg/(kg x d), ig]. The normal group was injected saline [10 mL/(kg x d), sc], while the other groups were injected D-galactose [150 mg/(kg x d), sc].

Extraction and antioxidant activity of flavonoids of Morus nigra.

Morus nigra has a long history of medicinal use in Chinese medicine, but the study on it is limited, the flavonoids are one of the main biological active substances. In this study, the Morus nigra flavonoids were extracted by ultrasonic and antioxidant activities both in vitro and in vivo were measured. The results showed that hydroxyl radicals clearance rate and superoxide radical anion clearance rate in vitro increased with the concentration of the total flavonoids in the range of 0-1.