[Comparison of clinical efficacy between closed reduction combined with semi-circular external fixator and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in the treatment of middle and distal tibia fractures].

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy between closed reduction combined with semi-circular external fixator and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in the treatment of middle anddistal tibia fractures.

Methods: The clinical data of sixty patients with middle and distal tibia fractures admitted between January 2019 and November 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were categorized into external fixation group (=30) and internal fixation group (=30).

JMJD6 protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy via inhibition of NF-κB activation by demethylating R149 of the p65 subunit.

Histone modification plays an important role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. In this study we investigated the role of a histone arginine demethylase, Jumonji C domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO, 1.

Belumosudil, ROCK2-specific inhibitor, alleviates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting cardiac fibroblasts activation.

Cardiac fibrosis is thought to be the hallmark of pathological hypertrophic remodeling, of which the myofibroblast transdifferentiation is the key cell biological event. However, there is still no specific and effective therapeutic agent approved for cardiac fibrosis. To investigate the effects of belumosudil, the first ρ-associated kinase-2 (ROCK2)-specific inhibitor, on cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction induced by pressure overload, the transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation was carried out on wild-type C57BL/6 mice (male, 6-8 wk old) under pentobarbital anesthesia.

Machine Learning-Based Risk Model for Predicting Early Mortality After Surgery for Infective Endocarditis.

Background The early mortality after surgery for infective endocarditis is high. Although risk models help identify patients at high risk, most current scoring systems are inaccurate or inconvenient. The objective of this study was to construct an accurate and easy-to-use prediction model to identify patients at high risk of early mortality after surgery for infective endocarditis.

A Modified Beagle Model of Inducible Atrial Fibrillation Using a Right Atrium Pacemaker.

Objective: To modify the chronic atrial fibrillation of atrial tachycardia pacing in beagles with a homemade pacemaker placed outside the body and to evaluate connective tissue growth factor and fibrosis of atrial tissue in our modified atrial tachycardia pacing beagle model.

Methods: Twelve adult beagles of either sex were randomly divided into an atrial tachycardia pacing group and a control group (n=6 in each group). We performed the temporary pacemaker implantation at the right atrial appendage and put the pacemaker into the pocket of dog clothing in the atrial tachycardia pacing group.

Retaining mTeSR1 Medium during Hepatic Differentiation Facilitates Hepatocyte-Like Cell Survival by Decreasing Apoptosis.

Background/aims: Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells could be an important cell source for hepatocyte transplantation. The present study investigated the effect of retaining mTeSR1 medium during hepatic differentiation on hepatocyte-like cells in vitro.

Methods: Human embryonic stem cell line H1 were treated with activin A and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) for definitive endoderm (DE) cell induction and subsequently treated with BMP2 and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) for early hepatic cell induction.

Genotype-Guided Warfarin Dosing in Patients With Mechanical Valves: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The clinical utility of genotype-guided warfarin dosing remains controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of genotype-guided warfarin dosing in East Asians.

Methods: A double-blind, randomized control trial was performed to compare a genotype-guided dosing algorithm (CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2) with a clinical-guided one in the initiation treatment for patients with mechanical heart valves.

Imatinib attenuates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptors activation in isoproterenol induced model.

Cardiac fibrosis is a significant global health problem with limited treatment choices. Although previous studies have shown that imatinib (IMA) inhibited cardiac fibrosis, the anti-fibrotic mechanisms have not been clearly uncovered. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether IMA attenuates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced mice.

C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases; however, whether CRP plays a causal role in coronary artery disease has yet to be determined. In addition, the relationship between CRP, atherosclerosis, and inflammation remains controversial.

Methods And Results: Serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and CRP levels were determined in 160 patients at time points around percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent implantation.

Foxo3 circular RNA promotes cardiac senescence by modulating multiple factors associated with stress and senescence responses.

Aims: Circular RNAs are a subclass of non-coding RNAs detected within mammalian cells. This study was designed to test the roles of a circular RNA circ-Foxo3 in senescence using in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Methods And Results: Using the approaches of molecular and cellular biology, we show that a circular RNA generated from a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors, Foxo3, namely circ-Foxo3, was highly expressed in heart samples of aged patients and mice, which was correlated with markers of cellular senescence.

Retrograde Cerebral Perfusion Results in Better Perfusion to the Striatum Than the Cerebral Cortex During Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest: A Microdialysis Study.

It remains controversial whether contemporary cerebral perfusion techniques, utilized during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), establish adequate perfusion to deep structures in the brain. This study aimed to investigate whether selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) or retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) can provide perfusion equally to various anatomical positions in the brain using metabolic evidence obtained from microdialysis. Eighteen piglets were randomly assigned to 40 min of circulatory arrest (CA) at 18°C without cerebral perfusion (DHCA group, n = 6) or with SACP (SACP group, n = 6) or RCP (RCP group, n = 6).

MicroRNA profiling of the intestine during hypothermic circulatory arrest in swine.

Aim: To perform a profiling analysis of changes in intestinal microRNA (miRNA) expression during hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA).

Methods: A total of eight piglets were randomly divided into HCA and sham operation (SO) groups. Under general anesthesia, swine in the HCA group were subjected to hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 24 °C followed by 80 min of circulatory arrest, and the reperfusion lasted for 180 min after cross-clamp removal.

Ellagic acid prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rats.

Background: Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling, high pulmonary blood pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Oxidative stress, inflammation and pulmonary artery remodeling are important components in PAH. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic compound with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties.

Selective antegrade cerebral perfusion attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway during deep hypothermia circulatory arrest in a pig model.

Objectives: The alteration of the Toll-like receptor/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB) signaling pathway during deep hypothermia circulatory arrest (DHCA) has not yet been defined. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway cytokine in cerebral injury resulting from DHCA as well as the effect of selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) on TLR4/NF-κB pathway expression.

Methods: Twelve pigs were randomly assigned to DHCA alone (n = 6) or DHCA with SACP (n = 6) at 18°C for 80 min.

Comparative expression profiles of microRNA in left and right atrial appendages from patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease exhibiting sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation.

Background: The atrial fibrillation (AF) associated microRNAs (miRNAs) were found in the right atrium (RA) and left atrium (LA) from patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease (RMVD). However, most studies only focus on the RA; and the potential differences of AF-associated miRNAs between the RA and LA are still unknown. The aim of this study was to perform miRNA expression profiles analysis to compare the potential differences of AF-associated miRNAs in the right atrial appendages (RAA) and left atrial appendages (LAA) from RMVD patients.

Dynamics of interstitial calcium in rat myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in vivo.

Intracellular calcium overload is a key factor for myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (IR). However, there was no report for interstitial calcium concentration dynamics. We investigated the interstitial calcium dynamics in rat myocardial IR model in vivo.

Atrial fibrillation alters the microRNA expression profiles of the left atria of patients with mitral stenosis.

Background: Structural changes of the left and right atria associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in mitral stenosis (MS) patients are well known, and alterations in microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of the right atria have also been investigated. However, miRNA changes in the left atria still require delineation. This study evaluated alterations in miRNA expression profiles of left atrial tissues from MS patients with AF relative to those with normal sinus rhythm (NSR).

The altered expression profile of microRNAs in cardiopulmonary bypass canine models and the effects of mir-499 on myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.

Background: MicroRNAs were enrolled in various cardiovascular disease especially ischemic heart diseases, but the microRNA changes during myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury underwent cardiopulmonary bypass are still unknown. This study screens the microRNA differences in CPB canines and evaluates the relationship of microRNAs with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Methods: 13 healthy canines received CPB with 60 minutes of aortic clamping and cardioplegic arrest, followed by 90 minutes reperfusion.

Receptor for advanced glycation end products involved in lung ischemia reperfusion injury in cardiopulmonary bypass attenuated by controlled oxygen reperfusion in a canine model.

Controlled oxygen reperfusion could protect the lung against ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by downregulating high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a high affinity receptor of HMGB1. This study investigated the effect of controlled oxygen reperfusion on receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression and its downstream effects on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Fourteen canines received CPB with 60 minutes of aortic clamping and cardioplegic arrest followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion.

Time Delay of Microdialysis in vitro.

Background: Microdialysis is a specific and local sampling method to collect free molecules from the extracellular fluid, however, there are no reports on time delay issues of microdialysis applications.

Aims: This study was to check the time gap between the start of target molecule changes in detected fluid and corresponding stable concentration formation in the sampled dialysate.

Materials And Methods: A designated microdialysis system for free calcium ion was set up in vitro and perfused with saline.

Controlled oxygen reperfusion protects the lung against early ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiopulmonary bypasses by downregulating high mobility group box 1.

Restricting oxygen delivery during the reperfusion phase of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) protects the heart, but effects on lung ischemia reperfusion (IR) in CPB are unknown. We examined whether extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediated inflammation during early lung IR injury in CPB. Fourteen healthy canines received CPB with 60 minutes of aortic clamping and cardioplegic arrest, followed by 90 minutes reperfusion.

Fibrosis of pulmonary vascular remodeling in carotid artery-jugular vein shunt pulmonary artery hypertension model of rats.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to observe the changes of hemodynamics, stereology in pulmonary vascular remodeling and messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of transforming growth factor beta 1, and receptors in carotid artery-jugular vein (CA-JV) shunt pulmonary artery hypertension model of rats.

Methods: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: CA-JV group, monocrotaline (MCT) administration group, and control group. Left CA-JV shunts were established in CA-JV group.