Melatonin decreases excessive polyspermy for single oocyte in pigs through the MT2 receptor.

Melatonin supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) improves porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development by exerting antioxidative effects. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which melatonin prevents polyspermy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of melatonin on cytoplasmic maturation and the incidence of polyspermic penetration in porcine oocytes.

Effects of on microbial community dynamics and tobacco quality during tobacco fermentation.

Introduction: Carotenoids are important precursors of various aroma components in tobacco and play an important role in the sensory quality of tobacco. is a species of capable of synthesizing a highly valuable carotenoid-astaxanthin, but has not yet been used in improving tobacco quality.

Methods: The dynamic changes of microbial community and metabolites during tobacco fermentation were analyzed in combination with microbiome and metabolome, and the quality of tobacco after fermentation was evaluated by sensory scores.

Sirtuin 3-mediated deacetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 ameliorates sodium fluoride-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in porcine oocytes.

Fluoride exerts detrimental effects on germ cells and increases the infertility rate in women. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms behind the developmental abnormalities caused by fluoride in oocytes remain poorly comprehended. The current study, we established mitochondrial damage model in oocytes via 50 μg/mL sodium fluoride (NaF) supplementation.

Lipids: A noteworthy role in better tea quality.

New shoots from tea plants (Camellia sinensis) are changed into finished tea after the process, which endows the products with a characteristic flavor. Tea quality is reflected in all aspects, from new shoots to the finished tea that are affected by cultivar, cultivation condition, harvest season, manufacturing methods, and quality of fresh tea leaves. Lipids are hydrophobic metabolites connected with tea flavor quality formation.

Research on the Efficacy of Ganpu Vine Tea in Inhibiting Uric Acid Production.

Ganpu vine tea is a new type of health care citrus fruit tea made from citrus shell, Pu-er tea, and vine tea baked as raw materials. In this study, the in vitro uric acid synthase inhibition system and hyperuric acid cell model were constructed to appraise the uric acid lowering efficacy of Ganpu vine tea, traditional Ganpu tea, and vine tea. Results showed that in the uric acid synthase inhibition system, the aqueous extract can inhibite the puric metabolically related enzymes, such as adenosine deaminase (ADA), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), and xanthine oxidase (XOD).

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with minimally invasive surgery for acute respiratory failure and sudden cardiac arrest: A case report.

Acute respiratory failure and sudden cardiac arrest caused by acute intrathoracic infection is a fatal clinical condition with a low resuscitation success rate. The present study describes the case of a patient with acute empyema secondary to an acute lung abscess rupture, complicated by acute respiratory failure and sudden cardiac arrest caused by severe hypoxemia. The patient recovered well through the administration of multiple therapeutic measures, including medication and closed chest drainage, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with continuous renal replacement therapy, and minimally invasive surgical resection of the lung lesion with persistent alveolar fistula as the clinical manifestation.

A comprehensive review of polyphenol oxidase in tea (Camellia sinensis): Physiological characteristics, oxidation manufacturing, and biosynthesis of functional constituents.

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a metalloenzyme with a type III copper core that is abundant in nature. As one of the most essential enzymes in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), the further regulation of PPO is critical for enhancing defensive responses, cultivating high-quality germplasm resources of tea plants, and producing tea products that are both functional and sensory qualities. Due to their physiological and pharmacological values, the constituents from the oxidative polymerization of PPO in tea manufacturing may serve as functional foods to prevent and treat chronic non-communicable diseases.

Oolong tea of different years protects high-fat diet-fed mice against obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and modulating the gut microbiota.

Long-term stored oolong tea has recently attracted considerable attention concerning its salutary effect. In this study, the anti-obesity effect of different years' oolong tea on high-fat diet-fed mice was compared. Wuyi rock tea of 2001, 2011, and 2020 were chosen to be the representative samples of oolong tea.

Facial expression recognition based on improved depthwise separable convolutional network.

A single network model can't extract more complex and rich effective features. Meanwhile, the network structure is usually huge, and there are many parameters and consume more space resources, etc. Therefore, the combination of multiple network models to extract complementary features has attracted extensive attention.

Exploring differentially expressed genes related to metabolism by RNA-Seq in porcine embryonic fibroblast after insulin treatment.

Background: Insulin regulates glucose homeostasis and has important effects on metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation. Depending on the cell type and physiological context, insulin signal has specific pathways and biological outcomes in different tissues and cells. For studying the signal pathway of insulin on glycolipid metabolism in porcine embryonic fibroblast (PEF), we used high-throughput sequencing to monitor gene expression patterns regulated by insulin.

Tannin Reduces the Incidence of Polyspermic Penetration in Porcine Oocytes.

Tannin (TA) improves porcine oocyte cytoplasmic maturation and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, the mechanism through which TA blocks polyspermy after IVF remains unclear. Hence, the biological function of organelles (cortical granule [CG], Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum [ER], and mitochondria) and the incidence of polyspermic penetration were examined.

Six types of tea extracts attenuated high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome via modulating gut microbiota in rats.

An important puzzle for tea consumers is which type of tea is effective in treating metabolic syndrome (MS). In this study, the effects of six types of tea extracts (TEs) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MS, as well as chemical components of six TEs, were investigated and compared. Each TE consisted of representative tea originated from different places in China to avoid one-sidedness of sampling.

Ramelteon Reduces Oxidative Stress by Maintenance of Lipid Homeostasis in Porcine Oocytes.

This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism of ramelteon on the competence of oocyte and subsequent embryo development in pigs during in vitro maturation (IVM). Our results showed that the cumulus expansion index was significantly lower in the control group compared to the ramelteon groups (p < 0.05).

Melatonin Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes via the Melatonin Receptor 2.

Previous studies suggest that the inclusion of melatonin (MTn) in in vitro maturation protocols improves the developmental competence of oocytes by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the molecular mechanisms integrating melatonin receptor (MT)-mediated lipid metabolism and redox signaling during in vitro cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) development still remain unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the potential role of MTn receptors in lipid metabolic adjustments during in vitro porcine COC development.

Evaluation of porcine urine-derived cells as nuclei donor for somatic cell nuclear transfer.

Background: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is used widely in cloning, stem cell research, and regenerative medicine. The type of donor cells is a key factor affecting the SCNT efficiency.

Objectives: This study examined whether urine-derived somatic cells could be used as donors for SCNT in pigs.

Identification of a WRKY transcriptional activator from Camellia sinensis that regulates methylated EGCG biosynthesis.

Naturally occurring methylated catechins, especially methylated EGCG in tea leaves are known to have many health benefits. Although the genes involved in methylated EGCG biosynthesis have been studied extensively, the transcriptional factors controlling methylated EGCG biosynthesis are still poorly understood. In the present study, a WRKY domain-containing protein termed CsWRKY57like was identified, which belongs to group IIc of the WRKY family, and contains one conserved WRKY motif.

Polyphenols from Fu Brick Tea Reduce Obesity via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Gut Microbiota-Related Intestinal Oxidative Stress and Barrier Function.

Fu brick tea (FBT) is a microbial-fermented tea, which is produced by the solid-state fermentation of tea leaves. Previous studies have proved that FBT aqueous extracts could attenuate obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, the bioactive components in FBT that contribute to these activities remain unclear.

Tannin Supplementation Improves Oocyte Cytoplasmic Maturation and Subsequent Embryo Development in Pigs.

To investigate the effects of tannins (TA) on porcine oocyte maturation (IVM), different concentrations of TA (0, 1, 10 and 100 μg/mL) were supplemented with a maturation medium and the COCs and subsequent embryonic development were examined. The results showed that 10 µg/mL TA significantly improved the cumulus expansion index (CEI), cumulus-expansion-related genes (, , , and ) expression and blastocyst formation rates after parthenogenetic activation (PA), fertilization (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) compared to the control groups, but not oocyte nuclear maturation. Nevertheless, 10 µg/mL TA dramatically enhanced the mRNA expression of oocyte-development-related genes (, , and ), GSH, ATP, SOD1, PGC1α, BMP15, GDF9 and CDC2 levels and reduced intracellular ROS level in porcine oocytes.

Case Report: Mutant Susceptible to Charcot Neuroarthropathy in a Patient With Congenital Insensitivity to Pain.

Charcot neuroarthropathy is a systemic disease with pathological changes in the musculoskeletal system, which leads to fractures, dislocations, and deformities involving multiple bones and joints, particularly those of the feet. While the common underlying cause of Charcot neuroarthropathy is diabetes mellitus, it is also associated with congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP). CIP is a rare disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in encoding Nav1.

Physiological Dose of EGCG Attenuates the Health Defects of High Dose by Regulating MEMO-1 in .

EGCG, as a dietary-derived antioxidant, has been extensively studied for its beneficial health effects. Nevertheless, it induces the transient increase in ROS and leads to the hormetic extension of lifespan. How exactly biology-benefiting effects with the minimum severe adverse are realized remains unclear.

The protective effects of yellow tea extract against loperamide-induced constipation in mice.

Yellow tea, a rare type tea from China, has a rich breadth of functional ingredients and benefits the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is not clear whether the yellow tea extract can alleviate constipation. Therefore, we used loperamide-induced constipation in mice to evaluate the effects of yellow tea extract.

Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy through regulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine constitute the most effective ingredients of weight loss in tea. However, whether combination of EGCG and caffeine exhibits anti-obesity synergy remains unclear. Here, we showed low-doses of EGCG and caffeine used in combination led to synergistic anti-obesity effects equivalent to those of high-dose EGCG.