Precision functional sphincter-preserving surgery (PPS) for ultralow rectal cancer: a natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) surgery technique.

Background: In patients with ultralow rectal cancer, surgical resection of the tumor without impairing sphincter function remains a technical challenge. The purpose of this study was to describe a new technique of transanal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) surgery using our independently developed devices, aiming to achieve precise cancer resection and preserve sphincter function in patients with ultralow rectal cancer.

Methods: Precision functional sphincter-preserving surgery (PPS) was performed on nineteen patients with ultralow rectal cancer between June 2019 and April 2020.

A comparison of four common malnutrition risk screening tools for detecting cachexia in patients with curable gastric cancer.

Objective: Although there is international consensus regarding the importance of cachexia, no tools exist, to our knowledge, for cachexia screening among patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with cancer and cachexia could be identified using the four most commonly used nutritional screening tools: the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS)-2002, the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), and the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ).

Methods: Clinical data were prospectively collected for patients who underwent elective radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in two large centers between August 2014 and February 2018.

UCA1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer by targeting CREB1 sponging to miR-590-3p.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as regulators in a variety of biological processes, including carcinogenesis in human cancer. UCA1 has been reported to be upregulated in gastric cancer (GC); however, the underlying functional roles of UCA1 in GC have not been established. In the current study, we showed that UCA1 is significantly higher in GC tissues and cells compared with adjacent normal tissues and a gastric epithelium cell line, respectively.

[Transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the surgical outcomes after transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: Patients undergoing transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer at the Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University were included.

Results: Three patients underwent transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic radical resection for sigmoid colon cancer and 1 for rectal cancer between August 2010 and September 2010.

JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 are involved in P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is extremely common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is a major problem in cancer eradication by limiting the efficacy of chemotherapy. Modulation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activation could be a new method to reverse MDR. However, the relationship between JNK activity and MDR in HCC cells is unknown.

[Detection of APC mutation by real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis].

Objective: To establish a simple, reliable and low cost approach for clinical detection of APC mutation.

Methods: Using SYBR Green I as the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product indicator, a DNA fragment of 270 bp targeting APC_1309 mutation (5 bp deletion) was amplified from the sample DNA. A short fragment (40/35 bp) was then amplified from the 270 bp PCR product, followed by melting curve analysis from 65 degrees C to 99 degrees C at 0.

[Expression of inductive nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor in colonic carcinoma, and their effects on tumor angiogenesis].

Objective: To investigate the expression of inductive nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and their relations with clinicopathological parameters in colonic carcinoma.

Method: Immunohistochemistry (streptomycin avidin-biotin peroxidase complex, SP) was used to detect the expression of iNOS, VEGF, collagen IV, FVIII Ag in colonic adenocarcinoma, and micro vessel density (MVD) was counted.

Results: The positive rates of iNOS and VEGF in colonic carcinoma were 76% and 80% respectively.