[Value of different endoscopic scoring methods in assessing disease activity in pediatric Crohn's disease].

Objectives: To explore the value of different endoscopic scoring methods in assessing disease activity in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: A total of 70 children diagnosed with CD at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2018 to January 2023 were included. Clinical disease activity was assessed using the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI), while different endoscopic scores were assigned based on endoscopic findings.

Corrigendum: Efficacy and Safety of Shenqu Xiaoshi Oral Liquid Compared With Domperidone Syrup in Children With Functional Dyspepsia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.

Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolated from children in Chongqing, China.

The resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to antibiotics has been increasing worldwide and varies across different geographic areas and times. Limited studies reported the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and its related gene mutations in children in Chongqing, a city located in southwest China.

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Changes of Antibiotic Resistance in Children with Nontyphoidal Infections from 2009-2018 in Chongqing, China.

Purpose: Nontyphoidal (NTS) is a leading bacterial cause for acute gastroenteritis in children. With the increasing use of antibiotics worldwide, antibiotic resistance has become a global problem. However, data on NTS infections and changes in antibiotic resistance among children remain limited in China.

[Clinical features and etiology of abdominal distension in children].

Objective: To study the clinical features and etiology of abdominal distension in children with different ages.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1 561 children who were admitted due to abdominal distension from January 2013 to October 2016, including clinical manifestations, radiological examination, pathological results, and disease diagnosis.

Results: Among the 1 561 children, there were 823 neonates (aged <28 days), 307 infants (aged 28 days to 1 year), 186 toddlers (aged 1-3 years), 120 preschool children (aged 3-6 years), 106 school-aged children (aged 6-12 years), and 19 adolescents (aged 12-17 years).

[Research advances in influencing factors for immune tolerance to food allergens in children].

Food allergen-specific immune tolerance is defined as nonresponsiveness of the adaptive immune system to food antigens. Failed development or inhibition of such tolerance may cause food allergy. With the increasing incidence rate of food allergy year by year, more and more studies have found the association between food allergy and various diseases.

The diagnostic value of APT for food allergy in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The role of atopy patch test (APT) in the diagnosis of food allergy (FA) remains largely controversial. In our meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of APT for diagnosing FA in children.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for studies regarding the diagnostic value of APT for FA in children compared to oral food challenge (double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge and/or open food challenge).

Probiotics Prevent Candida Colonization and Invasive Fungal Sepsis in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

To investigate whether probiotic supplementation could reduce the risk of fungal infection in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), we systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the effect of probiotics on fungal infection in preterm neonates. The outcomes of interest were Candida colonization and invasive fungal sepsis. Seven trials involving 1371 preterm neonates were included.

Fish intake during pregnancy or infancy and allergic outcomes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

It has been suggested that n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties and may reduce the risk of allergic disease. Fish is a great source of n-3 LC-PUFAs. However, the effect of fish on allergic disease remains controversial.

Probiotics for Preventing Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The effect of probiotics on late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm neonates remains controversial. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether enteral probiotic supplementation reduced the risk of LOS in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units.PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of probiotics in preterm neonates.

Probiotics for Prevention of Atopy and Food Hypersensitivity in Early Childhood: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Most studies investigated probiotics on food hypersensitivity, not on oral food challenge confirmed food allergy in children. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether probiotic supplementation prenatally and/or postnatally could reduce the risk of atopy and food hypersensitivity in young children.PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and 4 main Chinese literature databases (Wan Fang, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and SinoMed) were searched for randomized controlled trials regarding the effect of probiotics on the prevention of allergy in children.

[Rapid detection of clarithromycin resistant Helicobacter pylori from children's gastric biopsy specimens by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism].

Objective: Infection with clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is often predictive of treatment failure. Susceptibility testing for Hp could guide therapy of Hp infections. However, agar dilution approved by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) to test for antimicrobial susceptibility of Hp is time consuming (results are often not available in a week or more).

[Pathogenic effects of primary duodenogastric reflux on gastric mucosa of children].

Objective: Duodenogastric reflux (DGR) is a reverse flow of duodenal juice into stomach through pylorus composed of bile acid, pancreatic secretion, and intestinal secretion. The increased entero-gastric reflux results in mucosal injury that may relate not only to reflux gastritis but also esophagitis, gastric ulcers, carcinoma of stomach and esophagus. However, the exact mechanisms of gastric mucosal damage caused by DGR are still unknown.

[Clinical manifestations and endoscopic features of abdominal type Henoch purpura in children].

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations and endoscopic features of abdominal type Henoch purpura in children and improve the diagnostic level.

Methods: Retrospective review was made on the clinical, endoscopic and histopathological features of 57 cases of children with Henoch purpura abdominal type who had been hospitalized from Jan. 2002 to May 2007.

[Preliminary study on in-vitro induction of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from children].

Objective: Many clinical studies indicated that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) strains rarely acquired resistance to amoxicillin but easily to clarithromycin and metronidazole. However, it was unclear whether the antibiotic resistance of Hp strains was induced or passively selected during long-term or frequent treatment with metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. To compare the propensity of acquired resistance to antibiotics, Hp strains were exposed to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole in vitro in this study.

[Diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's disease in children: 10 years' clinical experience].

Objective: To enhance our understanding of pediatric Crohn's disease and improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy by characterizing the clinical picture and reviewing 10 years' clinical experience in diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Nine cases with active Crohn's disease diagnosed between 1996 and 2005, including 8 males and 1 female, aged 6 - 13 years, were reviewed. Clinical, radiologic, endoscopic and histological data as well as therapeutic results were analized.

[Viraemia and extraintestinal involvement after rotavirus infection].

Objective: To study the incidence of viraemia and extraintestinal organ damage in children with acute rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis.

Methods: Eighty-three children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis were hospitalized from October 2002 to March 2003, whose blood and fecal samples were obtained on admission. Rotavirus RNA (encoding the VP7 outer capsid protein) were detected in blood and fecal samples by nest reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori resistant to clarithromycin, amoxicillin and metronidazole in children].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) resistant to clarithromycin, amoxicillin and metronidazole in children.

Methods: A total of 44 Hp clinical isolates were cultured from children patients with Hp gastritis and peptic ulcer who underwent gastroscopy during the period from October 2002 to November 2003 in Children's Hospital affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University. Nineteen of the patients were girls and 25 boys.

[CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in gastric mucosa in children infected with Helicobacter pylori].

Objective: To study the changes of gastric mucosal CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infected children.

Methods: Seventy nine patients with digestive tract symptoms were assessed by endoscopy, rapid urease test and histology. Forty four patients had Hp positive chronic superficial gastritis (Hp(+)CSG) and 35 patients had Hp negative chronic superficial gastritis (Hp(-)CSG).

[Prevalence and mechanism of Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin in children].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) resistance to clarithromycin (CLM) in children and to demonstrate the correlation of 23S rRNA gene mutation to clarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolates.

Methods: Totally 108 clinical strains of H.