Quercetin alleviates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors by promoting adult hippocampal neurogenesis via FoxG1/CREB/ BDNF signaling pathway.

Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been reported to exert antidepressant effects, however, the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Recent studies have demonstrated that Forkhead box transcription factor G1 (FoxG1) regulates the process of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and exerts neuroprotective effects. In this study, we explored whether quercetin plays an anti-depressant role via regulation of FoxG1 signaling in mice and revealed the potential mechanisms.

ROS induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in diabetic nephropathy.

Oxidative stress has been reported to serve an important role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells promotes renal fibrosis in DN, while the mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated EMT is not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high glucose-induced ROS on the activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in a normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) and rats with type 1 diabetes.

Swimming training alleviated insulin resistance through Wnt3a/-catenin signaling in type 2 diabetic rats.

Objectives: Increasing evidence suggests that regular physical exercise improves type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential beneficial effects of swimming on insulin resistance and lipid disorder in T2DM, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: Rats were fed with high fat diet and given a low dosage of Streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T2DM model, and subsequently treated with or without swimming exercise.