Gβγ dimers mediate low K stress-inhibited root growth via modulating auxin redistribution in Arabidopsis.

In the investigation of heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signal transduction in planta, their roles in the transmittance of low K stimuli remain to be elucidated. Here, we found that the primary root growth of wild-type Arabidopsis was gradually inhibited with the decrease of external K concentrations, while the primary root of the mutants for G protein β subunit AGB1 and γ subunits AGG1, AGG2 and AGG3 could still grow under low K conditions (LK). Exogenous NAA application attenuated primary root elongation in agb1 and agg1/2/3 but promoted the growth in wild-type seedlings under LK stress.

COP1 Mediates Dark-Induced Stomatal Closure by Suppressing , and Expression to Promote NO Accumulation in Arabidopsis Guard Cells.

RING-finger-type ubiquitin E3 ligase Constitutively Photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) and floral integrators such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) have been identified as regulators of stomatal movement. However, little is known about their roles and relationship in dark-induced stomatal closure. Here, we demonstrated that COP1 is required for dark-induced stomatal closure using mutant.

GCR1 Positively Regulates UV-B- and Ethylene-Induced Stomatal Closure via Activating GPA1-Dependent ROS and NO Production.

Heterotrimeric G proteins function as key players in guard cell signaling to many stimuli, including ultraviolet B (UV-B) and ethylene, but whether guard cell G protein signaling is activated by the only one potential G protein-coupled receptor, GCR1, is still unclear. Here, we found that null mutants showed defects in UV-B- and ethylene-induced stomatal closure and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells, but these defects could be rescued by the application of a Gα activator or overexpression of a constitutively active form of Gα subunit GPA1 (cGPA1). Moreover, the exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (HO) or NO triggered stomatal closure in mutants and transgenic plants in the absence or presence of UV-B or ethylene, but exogenous ethylene could not rescue the defect of mutants in UV-B-induced stomatal closure, and mutants did not affect UV-B-induced ethylene production in Arabidopsis leaves.

Ethylene-induced stomatal closure is mediated via MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade to EIN2 and EIN3.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) play essential roles in guard cell signaling, but whether MPK cascades participate in guard cell ethylene signaling and interact with hydrogen peroxide (H O ), nitric oxide (NO), and ethylene-signaling components remain unclear. Here, we report that ethylene activated MPK3 and MPK6 in the leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana as well as ethylene insensitive2 (ein2), ein3, nitrate reductase1 (nia1), and nia2 mutants, but this effect was impaired in ethylene response1 (etr1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase AtrbohF, mpk kinase1 (mkk1), and mkk3 mutants. By contrast, the constitutive triple response1 (ctr1) mutant had constitutively active MPK3 and MPK6.

UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 mediates ultraviolet-B-induced stomatal closure in an ethylene-dependent manner.

Although the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8)-CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) signaling pathway, ethylene, hydrogen peroxide (HO), and nitric oxide (NO) all participate in ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-triggered stomatal closing, their interrelationship is not clear. Here, we found that UV-B-induced the expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes, production of ethylene, HO, and NO, and stomata closing were impaired in uvr8, cop1, and hy5 mutants. UV-B-induced NO production and stomata closing were also defective in mutants for ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1 (ETR1), ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2), and EIN3, but UV-B-triggered HO generation was only inhibited in etr1.

Comparing the performance of time series models with or without meteorological factors in predicting incident pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China.

Background: Many studies have compared the performance of time series models in predicting pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but few have considered the role of meteorological factors in their prediction models. This study aims to explore whether incorporating meteorological factors can improve the performance of time series models in predicting PTB.

Methods: We collected the monthly reported number of PTB cases and records of six meteorological factors in three cities of China from 2005 to 2018.

Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Attenuate IL-1β-induced Annulus Fibrosus Cell Damage.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) has high morbidity and high disability. Exosomes as a favorable candidate for IDD treatment is a hot spot of current research.

Methods: Exosomes were obtained from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) of patients with non-open femoral fractures.

Ethylene mediates salicylic-acid-induced stomatal closure by controlling reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis.

Both salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene induce stomatal closure and positively regulate stomatal immunity, but their interactions in guard cell signaling are unclear. Here, we observed that SA induced the expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes; the production of ethylene, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO); and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, SA-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by an ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor and mutations in ethylene biosynthetic genes, ethylene-signaling genes [RESPONSE TO ANTAGONIST 1 (RAN1), ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1 (ETR1), ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2), EIN3 and ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 2 (ARR2)], NADPH oxidase genes [ATRBOHD and ATRBOHF], and nitrate reductase genes (NIA1 and NIA2).

Stent with radioactive seeds strand insertion for malignant hilar biliary obstruction.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess clinical efficacy and long-term patient outcomes in individuals with malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO) that had been treated insertion of a stent with a radioactive seed strand (RSS).

Material And Methods: A total of 84 MHBO patients were treated either normal stent insertion ( = 48) or stent with RSS insertion ( = 36) from January 2015 to December 2018.

Results: The technical success rates of normal stent insertion and stent with RSS insertion were 93.

The prognostic value of intermedin in patients with breast cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative plasma intermedin levels in breast cancer patients. Plasma intermedin levels of 252 breast cancer women and 100 healthy women were determined using radioimmunoassay kit. Adverse event was defined as first local recurrence, distant metastasis, second primary cancer of another organ, or death from any cause during 5-year follow-up.

Indocyanine green clearance in evaluating the recovery of liver reserve function after superselective transarterial chemoembolization.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) may ravage normal liver tissues apart from the neoplastic nodules which offset the anti-tumor effect. This study aimed to evaluate the recovery of liver reserve function (LRF) after TACE by indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test and other routine liver function tests. Forty-six newly diagnosed HCC patients who had undergone TACE as the initial treatment from January 2011 to January 2012 were enrolled in this study.

Recurrent retroperitoneal Schwannomas displaying different differentiation from primary tumor: case report and literature review.

Background: Retroperitoneal Schwannomas are uncommonly found in the retroperitoneum and few of them show malignant transformation and invasion. Local recurrence are common in malignant Schwannomas with very few reports of tumor distinct differentiation at recurrences.

Case Presentation: We report here a rare case of retroperitoneal schwannoma with multiple origins from retroperitoneum and pelvic wall.

[Identification of the binding site on ICAM-1 for red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum].

Objective: To identify the binding site on ICAM-1 to PRBCs in order to explore anti-adhesive agent against cerebral malaria.

Methods: Monoclonal antibody 15.2 against ICAM-1 domain 1 was chosen as target molecule to screen mimetic peptides of ICAM-1 from a 12-mer random peptide library.

[Survey on drug resistance of Staphylococcus to commonly used antibiotics].

Objective: To obtain primary knowledge of drug resistance of Staphylococcus, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), so as to facilitate clinical decision over the choice of appropriate antibiotics.

Method: A total of 105 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,were isolated from blood, sputum, pus and secretion sample from in-patients of Nanfang Hospital from January to July, 2002, and their status of drug-resistance was examined.

Results: MRS was isolated from 68.

[Establishment of biopanning model of phage display peptide library in the blood vessels of excised human osteosarcoma vasculature and its significance].

Objective: To establish an in vivo biopanning model of phage display peptide library in the blood vessels contained in surgically removed human osteosarcoma.

Method: In 28 patients with osteosarcoma, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the involved limb was performed preoperatively to understand the approximate status of the arteries in the tumors. The tumors were then surgically removed and carefully trimmed, perfused via a simulated Langendorff perfusion apparatus with the indexes as the pH value, temperature and O2 partial pressure monitored in the blood vessels.