Trends in the distribution of socioeconomic inequalities in smoking and cessation: evidence among adults aged 18 ~ 59 from China Family Panel Studies data.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is usually more prevalent among those with a lower socioeconomic status (SES), which can be driven by inequalities in the initiation and cessation of smoking, giving rise to SES disparities in health. This study aimed to gauge the SES inequalities in smoking related behaviours and their evolving trends based on a nationally representative database.

Method: Data were extracted from repeated cross-sectional China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) of adults aged ≥18 and <60 years in 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018.

Revealing the novel autophagy-related genes for ligamentum flavum hypertrophy in patients and mice model.

Background: Fibrosis is a core pathological factor of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) resulting in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Autophagy plays a vital role in multi-organ fibrosis. However, autophagy has not been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of LFH.

Platelet rich plasma enhanced neuro-regeneration of human dental pulp stem cells and in rat spinal cord.

Background: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exhibit excellent differentiation potential and are capable of differentiating into several different cellular phenotypes, including neurons. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains numerous growth factors that can stimulate stem cell differentiation. In this study, we investigated the potential stimulatory effects of PRP on neurogenic differentiation and anti-apoptosis of hDPSCs in injured spinal cords.

Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine and the risk of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine has been widely used as part of the standard treatment for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched for related publications from inception to Dec 31, 2021, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSIs) comparing the risk of AKI and/or increased creatinine in COVID-19 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine and other controls (active treatment and placebo).

Cervical Alignment of Patients with Basilar Invagination: A Radiological Study.

Objective: To investigate the cervical alignment and the relative range of motion (ROM) in patients with basilar invagination (BI).

Methods: A total of 40 BI cases (38.1 years old ± 17.

Characterization of a Novel Model of Lumbar Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy in Bipedal Standing Mice.

Objective: To explore the main causes of hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (HLF) and the possibility of using bipedal standing mouse model to simulate the pathological changes in human HLF.

Methods: Thirty-two 8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 16) and control group (n = 16). In the experimental group, mice were induced to adopt a bipedal standing posture by their hydrophobia.

EDIL3 regulates gastric cancer cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TGF-β1/XIST/miR-137 feedback loop.

Background: Human gastric cancer is a serious disease with high mortality rate all over the world. The one of difficulties in effective therapy of gastric cancer is metastasis. It has been reported that lncRNAs and miRNAs are involved in cancer metastasis.

Relationship between the location of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and its stress in finite element analysis.

Objective: To quantitatively describe the stress of the ligamentum flavum (LF) using the finite element method and to compare the stress at different parts of the healthy LF.

Methods: Based on the high resolution computed tomography imaging data of a healthy 22-year-old man, three-dimensional nonlinear L lumbar finite element model (FEM) representing intact condition was developed. The LF, as the object of the present research, was incorporated into the spinal model in the form of solid three-dimensional structure.

Changes in bone mineral density and bone metabolic indexes in ankylosing spondylitis mouse model complicated with osteoporosis.

Changes in bone mineral density and bone metabolic indexes in a model of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) mice complicated with osteoporosis (OP) were investigated. BLAB/c mice were used as the subjects. AS was induced using proteoglycan, and OP was induced using tail suspension method.

[Enhanced Coagulation as a Pretreatment for Low Temperature Wastewater].

The effects of low temperature on enhanced coagulation were studied. A new composite coagulant called SynthA was synthesized. The effects of enhanced coagulation on the removals of dissolved organic matter, dissolved organic nitrogen, and so on under room temperature or low temperature (2-5℃) were determined, and their influences on biological treatments were investigated by using membrane fractionation distribution, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum (3DEEM), and differential ultraviolent absorbance.

[Effects of Joint-reaction Combined by Ozonation and Coagulation on Aquatic Organic Matters].

Variations of residual ozone concentration in pure water and Al(SO) solution were studied. The spectral characteristics, contents of organic compounds and disinfection by products (DBPs) yields in preozonated, preozonated coagulated (POC) and ozonated combined coagulated (OC) waters were detected by differential absorbance(DA), three dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (3D-EEM), GC and TOC. The purpose of the work was to investigate the effects of ozonation combined with coagulation on their oxidation extents of organic matter and the production of DBPs.

Tenuigenin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo.

Osteoporosis, which is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone quality, is a global and increasing public health problem. Recent studies have suggested that Tenuigenin (TEN), a class of native compounds with numerous biological activities such as anti-resorptive properties, exerts protective effects against postmenopausal bone loss. The present study aims to investigate the osteogenic effects of TEN on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and in vivo.

Right Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation: Carotid Artery-directed versus Sternocleidomastoid-directed Methods.

The aim of the present study was to explore a simple and safe method for central venous catheterization (CVC) from the right internal jugular vein (RIJV) by comparing carotid artery (CA) positioning with sternocleidomastoid (SCM) positioning. The medical records of patients who underwent CVC between January 2011 and January 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Central venous catheters were inserted into the RIJV either above the level of the cricoid cartilage using the CA-directed method (419 patients, Group 1) or below the level of the cricoid cartilage using the SCM-directed method (436 patients, Group 2).

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Silica Core-Shell Nanocomposite Particles.

In this work, a novel and facile strategy for making a new type of polymer/silica nanocomposte particle was proposed. Colloidally stable polyvinypyrrolidone (PVP)/silica core-shell nanocomposite particles have been successfully synthesized using an azo initiator via seed polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) and VFSs (VFSs) that were derived from vinyl triethoxysilane (VTES). It was suggested from the FTIR and TGA analysis that the copolymerization reaction of NVP with VFSs has been thoroughly carried out.

Regulation of bone formation by baicalein via the mTORC1 pathway.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that is characterized by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The increasing prevalence of osteoporosis has attracted much attention. In this study, MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were treated with the natural compound, baicalein (0.

[Removal of fluorescent whitening agent by hydrogen peroxide oxidation catalyzed by activated carbon].

Degradation of fluorescent whitening agent VBL in the processes of activated carbon (AC) and activated carbon modified (ACM) adsorptions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation, and hydrogen peroxide oxidation catalyzed by activated carbon were studied. Mechanism of the above catalytic oxidation was also investigated by adding tert-Butyl alcohol (TBA), the free radical scavenger, and detecting the released gases. The results showed that: the activated carbon modified by Fe (NO3)3 (ACM)exhibited better adsorption removal than AC.

Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for colorectal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery remains one of the most challenging techniques to learn.

Methods: The authors collected studies that have compared hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) and open surgery for the treatment of colorectal disease over the past 17 years. Data of interest for HALS and open surgery were subjected to meta-analysis.

[Preliminary study for classification of spino-pelvic sagittal alignment in adult volunteers].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of the classification of the spino-pelvic sagittal alignment in adluts according to lumbar lordosis (LL) and inflection point (IP).

Methods: Whole spine, standing radiographs of 223 adult volunteers were taken from July to August in 2011 .There were 111 cases(56 female and 55 male) enrolled in the study based on the inclusion criteria.

Enhancement of the synthesis of n-3 PUFAs in fat-1 transgenic mice inhibits mTORC1 signalling and delays surgically induced osteoarthritis in comparison with wild-type mice.

Background: An exogenous supplement of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been reported to prevent osteoarthritis (OA) through undefined mechanisms.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of alterations in the composition of endogenous PUFAs on OA, and associations of PUFAs with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling, a critical autophagy pathway in fat-1 transgenic (TG) mice.

Methods: fat-1 TG and wild-type mice were used to create an OA model by resecting the medial meniscus.

Endogenous n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) mitigate ovariectomy-induced bone loss by attenuating bone marrow adipogenesis in FAT1 transgenic mice.

Aim: To investigate the effect of endogenous n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on bone marrow adipogenesis under osteoporosis conditions.

Methods: A mouse osteoporosis model overexpressing the FAT1 gene from Caenorhabditis elegans and converting n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs endogenously was used.

Results: The mice presented significantly lower bone marrow adiposity (adipocyte volume/tissue volume, mean adipocyte number) but increased the bone parameters (bone mineral density, bone mineral content, bone volume/total volume) in the distal femoral metaphysis.

Single-incision versus conventional three-incision laparoscopic appendicectomy for appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis was designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of single-incision laparoscopic appendicectomy (SILA) and three-incision laparoscopic appendicectomy (TILA) in the treatment of appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: Studies published since 1992 that compared SILA versus TILA in laparoscopic appendicectomy were collected. Data on operative parameters, postoperative recovery, postoperative pain and complications, and hospitalization costs for SILA and TILA were meta-analyzed using fixed-effect and random-effect models.

Laparoscopic versus open right hemicolectomy for colon cancer: a meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis was designed to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer.

Research Design: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases identified 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria for data extraction. Publications that compared laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and open right hemicolectomy for treatment of colon cancer in the past 20 years were collected for review.

Medial versus lateral approach in laparoscopic colorectal resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of the medial approach (MA) and the lateral approach (LA) in the treatment of colorectal disease.

Methods: Studies published since 1994 that compared MA versus LA in laparoscopic colorectal resection were collected. Data on conversion rate, operative time, blood loss, number of harvested lymph nodes, hospital stay, complications, mortality, rate of recurrence, and hospitalization costs for MA and LA were meta-analyzed using fixed-effect and random-effect models.

Could heterotopic ossification be prevented by varying dietary n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio: a novel perspective to its treatment?

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common complication following with musculoskeletal trauma and surgical procedures. It usually decreases joint mobility and eventually causes loss of joint function. Despite nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the inhibitor of cyclooxygenase(COX), have been proven to prevent HO effectively via prostaglandin E2 synthesis regulation and modulation of tissue responsiveness to pro-inflammatory signaling, HO prevention is still a matter of debate for clinicians to avoid the side effect of NSAIDs.