Transiently impaired endothelial function during thyroid hormone withdrawal in differentiated thyroid cancer patients.

Purpose: Endothelial dysfunction, which was associated with chronic hypothyroidism, was an early event in atherosclerosis. Whether short-term hypothyroidism following thyroxine withdrawal during radioiodine (RAI) therapy was associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) was unclear. Aim of the study was to assess whether short-term hypothyroidism could impair endothelial function and the accompanied metabolic changes in the whole process of RAI therapy.

Interleukin-6 promotes the dedifferentiation of papillary thyroid cancer cells.

Radioiodine treatment is a fundamental therapy for patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Sodium/iodide symporter (NIS)-mediated iodine uptake is a prerequisite for the efficacy of radioiodine therapy. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-tumor cytokine, but its regulation of NIS expression in PTC has not been elucidated.

Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes for parapharyngeal metastases of well-differentiated thyroid cancer during I therapy and follow-up.

Objective: Parapharyngeal metastases (PPM) are rarely observed in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). Radioiodine ( I) therapy has been the main treatment for metastatic and recurrent DTC after thyroidectomy. This study was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological features and long-term outcomes associated with survival of patients with PPM at the end of follow-up.

Change in Antithyroglobulin Antibody Levels is a Good Predictor of Responses to Therapy in Antithyroglobulin Antibody-Positive Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients.

Objective: Antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) could be used as a surrogate tumor marker of TgAb-positive-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. This study aims to determine whether the change in TgAb levels over time could be used as a predictor of responses to therapy in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 48 pediatric PTC patients with TgAb levels ≥50 IU/ml 6 months after initial I treatment.

Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients with distant metastases.

Purposes: Distant metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is extremely rare and the long-term outcomes and independent prognostic factors remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate clinicopathological characteristics and evaluate the long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of PTMC patients with distant metastases (DM) who underwent surgery and radioactive iodine (I) treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 13,441 patients with thyroid cancer (including 1697 cases with PTMC) who underwent I treatment at our institution between January 2008 and December 2019.

Unexpected Retrosternal Goiter Interpreted as Hyperfunctioning Metastasis on the Posttherapeutic 131I SPECT/CT.

We present a 38-year-old man who underwent total thyroidectomy with radical right neck dissection due to papillary thyroid cancer was referred for 131I treatment. The patient was in subclinical hypothyroidism with remarkable stimulated Tg level after 4 weeks of l-thyroxine withdrawal before 131I treatment, which indicated hyperfunctioning metastasis. Posttherapeutic 131I whole-body scan combined with 131I SPECT/CT performed on day 3 after 131I administration revealed an elevated 131I uptake mass in cervicothoracic region.

Comparison of the detecting capability between I-mIBG and post-therapeutic I-mIBG scintigraphy for curie scoring in patients with neuroblastoma after chemotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the detecting capability between planar imaging (PI) and PI combined with single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (PICWS), including I- and I-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) and to compare the detecting capability between I-mIBG and post-therapeutic I-mIBG scintigraphy including PI and PICWS for Curie scoring in patients with neuroblastoma.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with 66 pairs of complete images with neuroblastoma were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Results: Comparing the Curie scoring between I-mIBG PI and PICWS and between post-therapeutic I-mIBG PI and PICWS, findings were concordantly negative in 28.

Long-Term Outcomes and Prognoses of Elderly Patients (≥65-Years-Old) With Distant Metastases From Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer During Radioiodine Therapy and Follow-Up.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, long-term outcomes, and prognostic factors of elderly patients with distant metastases at initial diagnosis from well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) during radioactive iodine (I) treatment and follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records identified 183 elderly patients with DTC who underwent I treatment at our institution between 2006 and 2019.

Results: In total, 57 elderly WDTC patients with distant metastases were enrolled in this study.

Pregnancy Does not Affect the Prognoses of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients With Lung Metastases.

Context: Pregnancy-related hormones may stimulate thyroid cancer growth, but whether pregnancy affects the prognoses of patients with lung metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC-LM) after surgery and radioiodine therapy is unclear.

Objective: To assess the impact of pregnancy on DTC-LM through the comparison of prognoses between female patients with DTC-LM who did and did not become pregnant after surgery and radioiodine therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 124 female patients aged 16 to 35 years who underwent surgery and radioiodine therapy for DTC-LM.

Clinical usefulness of single photon emission tomography/computed tomography with stress analysis in early diagnoses of stem instability of noncemented hip arthroplasty.

Objective: Hip pain arising from implant instability is generally caused by repetitive stress injury, which subsequently leads to induction or exacerbation of abnormal metabolism of bone around the implant. single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT-CT) has advantages in localizing areas of increased tracer uptake that reflects such abnormal bone metabolism. Therefore, we investigated whether the application of SPECT/CT with stress analysis can be an effective practice in evaluating the instability of stem in noncemented hip arthroplasty or not.

Interleukin 6 regulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 in thyroid cancer.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), inducing T cell exhaustion to facilitate immune escape of tumor cells, is upregulated by interleukin 6 (IL-6) in T cell lymphoma and ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of IL-6 and PD-L1 in thyroid cancer, and whether IL-6 regulates PD-L1 expression. As a result, IL-6 and PD-L1 were highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues.

Interleukins in Thyroid Cancer: From Basic Researches to Applications in Clinical Practice.

Inflammation is crucial to tumorigenesis and progression of many cancers. Inflammatory molecules in tumor microenvironment exert pro- or anti-tumor effects. Among them, interleukin, mainly produced by CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, is a class of small molecule proteins which play an important role in intercellular communication.

High Expression of Interleukin-12A and Its Association with the Clinicopathology and Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Background: The inflammatory microenvironment is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. Members of the interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine family play synergistic or antagonistic roles in the tumor microenvironment, in the form of classic heterodimers or newly discovered monomers or homodimers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between IL-12A and the clinicopathology and prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Distant metastases from pathologically proven benign follicular nodules of the thyroid: clinicopathological features and predictors of long-term survival.

Objective: Distant metastases are rarely observed in patients with initial pathologically proven benign follicular nodules of the thyroid. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features and independent variables associated with survival in such patients with distant metastases.

Methods: In total, 10,992 consecutive differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients treated with I after total or near-total thyroidectomy from 2000 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Lung Metastases From Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Persistently Negative Thyroglobulin and Elevated Thyroglobulin Antibody Levels During Radioactive Iodine Treatment and Follow-Up: Long-Term Outcomes and Prognostic Indicators.

The lung is the most frequent site of distant metastasis from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, lung metastasis from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with persistently negative thyroglobulin (Tg) and elevated Tg antibody (TgAb) levels is an extremely rare entity, and the prognosis is therefore elusive. We investigated the clinical characteristics, long-term outcomes, and prognostic factors of lung metastases in PTC patients with persistently negative thyroglobulin (Tg) and elevated Tg antibody (TgAb) levels during radioactive iodine (I) treatment and follow-up.

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with no less than three distant organ system metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: For patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), distant metastases are commonly identified in the lungs and bones. However, they are relatively rare in other distant organs, such as the liver, kidneys, or brain. The aim of the current study was to describe the clinical outcomes and evaluate the prognostic factors of patients with no less than three different distant organ system metastases from DTC.

PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH-LIGAND 1 OVEREXPRESSION IN THYROID CANCER.

Objective: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor tissue has been associated with favorable response to anti-programmed cell death-receptor 1/PD-L1 therapy in many human cancers. Studies have reported that PD-L1 is also expressed in thyroid cancer. The objective of this paper is to introduce the potential predictive and therapeutic values of PD-L1 in thyroid cancer.

A Preliminary Study of Ankle Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients With Bony Impingement Syndrome: Association With the Visual Analogue Scale Pain Score.

Both osteoarthritis and impingement syndrome are the disorders commonly observed in sports medicine. However, failure in pain alleviation by surgical intervention introduces challenges in the diagnosis and decision-making for orthopedists. Hybrid single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) provides both functional and structural information of ankle pathology.

Targeted next-generation sequencing in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients looking for germline variants predisposing to the disease.

Purposess: The purpose of this study was using next-generation sequencing technique to explore the potential association between germline variants of 14 targeted genes and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) predisposition as well as disease progression.

Methods: In all, 516 subjects were enrolled in this study including 416 PTC patients and 100 healthy controls. PTC patients were divided into distant metastasis group and non-distant metastasis group.

99mTc-MDP Bone Scan and 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Multiple Extraskeletal Osteosarcomas.

Extraskeletal osteosarcomas are uncommon entities in clinical practice, which account for 1% to 2% of all soft tissue sarcomas. We here reported a case of multiple extraskeletal osteosarcomas and nuclear medicine imaging findings of this disease in Tc-MDP bone scan as well as F-FDG PET/CT.

Circulating Tumor Cells Correlate with Clinicopathological Features and Outcomes in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Background/aims: As biomarkers, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from solid tumors can predict metastases and prognoses, and help monitor treatment efficacy. However, conventional CellSearch methods have low sensitivity to differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) CTCs. In this study, for the first time, we used negative enriching (NE) immunofluorescence-in situ hybridization (iFISH) of chromosome 8 to capture and identify CTCs in DTC patients; and investigated how CTCs correlate with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in DTC patients with distant metastases (DM).

Pulmonary metastases in children and adolescents with papillary thyroid cancer in China: prognostic factors and outcomes from treatment with I.

Purpose: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with pulmonary metastases is rare in children and adolescents. Unlike adults, limited data are available on children with this disease. Thus, this study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and prognostic factors of individuals less than 21 years of age with pulmonary metastases from PTC.

Dual time-point F-FDG PET/CT imaging with multiple metabolic parameters in the differential diagnosis of malignancy-suspected bone/joint lesions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of dual time-pointF-FDG PET/CT imaging with multiple metabolic parameters in malignancy-suspected bone/joint lesions. Fifty seven consecutive patients were recruited. PET parameters including SUVmax, SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesional glycolysis (TLG) and retention indexes (RIs) were obtained.

Thyroid autoimmune antibodies in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a double-edged sword?

Purpose: The relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid cancer remains controversial. The objective of this study is to comprehensively analyze the association between thyroid autoimmune antibodies and disease statuses of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: Patients were divided into different groups according to their final diagnoses after radioiodine therapy as well as their serum anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and anti-thyroidperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) titers.

A distinct serum metabolic signature of distant metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Although the incidence rate for thyroid cancer seems to have begun stabilizing in recent years, an increased rate of advanced stage of this disease has been reported. Additionally, distant metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms of distant metastasis, as well as cell status like metabolism changes in distant metastatic tumours have not been clearly elucidated.