Pericentriolar material 1 promotes intestinal inflammation in ulcerative colitis by activating NLRP3/gasdermin D-mediated macrophage pyroptosis.

Excessive proinflammatory cytokine release induced by pyroptosis plays a vital role in intestinal mucosal inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). Several pyroptosis-related factors are regulated by the centrosome. Pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1) is a primary component of centriolar satellites that is present as cytoplasmic granules around the centrosome.

Machine Learning-Based Design of Superhard High-Entropy Nitride Coatings.

Limited by the inefficiency of the conventional trial-and-error method and the boundless compositional design space of high-entropy alloys (HEAs), accelerating the discovery of superior-performing high-entropy nitride (HEN) coatings remains a formidable challenge. Herein, the superhard HEN coatings were designed and prepared using the rapidly developing data-driven model machine learning (ML). A database containing hardness and different features of HEN coatings was established and categorized into four subsets covering the information on composition, composition-physical descriptors, composition-technique parameters, and composition-physical descriptors-technique parameters.

Gut mycobiome alterations in obesity in geographically different regions.

The gut fungi play important roles in human health and are involved in energy metabolism. This study aimed to examine gut mycobiome composition in obese subjects in two geographically different regions in China and to identify specific gut fungi associated with obesity. A total of 217 subjects from two regions with different urbanization levels [Hong Kong (HK): obese,  = 59; lean, = 59; Kunming (KM): obese,  = 50; lean,  = 49.

Association of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase with prognosis and immune regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK2), a mitochondrial isoenzyme, supports the growth of cancer cells under glucose deficiency conditions in vitro. This study investigated the role and potential mechanism of PCK2 in the occurrence and development of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and other databases distinguish the expression of PCK2 and verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.

Clinical analysis of the efficacy of radiation therapy for primary high-grade gliomas guided by biological rhythms.

Objective: High-grade glioma (HGG) patients frequently encounter treatment resistance and relapse, despite numerous interventions seeking enhanced survival outcomes yielding limited success. Consequently, this study, rooted in our prior research, aimed to ascertain whether leveraging circadian rhythm phase attributes could optimize radiotherapy results.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we meticulously selected 121 HGG cases with synchronized rhythms through Cosinor analysis.

Integrating Proteomics and Transcriptomics Reveals the Potential Pathways of Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis in Dravet Syndrome Model Mice.

An important component contributing to the onset of epilepsy is the death of hippocampal neurons. Several studies have shown that Dravet syndrome model mice: KO mice have a high number of apoptotic neurons following seizures, but the precise mechanism underlying this remains unclear. The aim of this research was to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis in KO mice by integrating proteomics and transcriptomics, with the ultimate goal of offering better neuroprotection.

SENP1 attenuates hypoxia‑reoxygenation injury in liver sinusoid endothelial cells by relying on the HIF‑1α signaling pathway.

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) have an important role in hepatic ischemia‑reperfusion injury (I/R), but the specific molecular mechanism of action is unknown. LSEC proliferation is regulated and fenestration is maintained via the Sentrin/SUMO‑specific protease 1 (SENP1)/hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) signaling axis under hypoxic conditions. In the present study, a hypoxia‑reoxygenation (H‑R) injury model was established using mouse LSECs to explore the relationship between SENP1 and H‑R injury , and the specific underlying mechanism was identified, revealing new targets for the clinical attenuation of hepatic I/R injury.

RBBP7, regulated by SP1, enhances the Warburg effect to facilitate the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via PI3K/AKT signaling.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by aggressive progression and elevated mortality rates. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of RBBP7 on HCC pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The expression and clinical feature of RBBP7 were evaluated using bioinformatics analysis and the assessment of clinical HCC samples.

Heme Oxygenase-1 Alleviates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Hepatocyte Pyroptosis after Liver Transplantation in Rats.

Objective: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a protein involved in the inflammatory response following ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Evidence suggests that pyroptosis plays an important role in IRI. However, the underlying mechanism between HO-1 and pyroptosis in IRI requires further investigation.

Lycium barbarum glycopeptide alleviates neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury via modulating docosahexaenoic acid to inhibiting MAPKs/NF-kB and pyroptosis pathways.

Background: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is an active ingredient extracted from Lycium barbarum that inhibits neuroinflammation, and Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LbGp) is a glycoprotein with immunological activity that was purified and isolated from LBP. Previous studies have shown that LbGp can regulate the immune microenvironment, but its specific mechanism of action remains unclear.

Aims: In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of action of LbGp in the treatment of spinal cord injury through metabolomics and molecular experiments.

ScRNA-seq revealed disruption in CD8 NKG2A natural killer T cells in patients after liver transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) offers a good survival chance for both the patient in short or long term, but still faces many challenges in the treatment of LT, such as the side effects associated with long-term immunosuppression, which is one of the side effects that occurs in most patients. However, the dynamics of the cellular immune system composition over time during immune tolerance to LT after immunosuppressive therapy are not known.

Methods: Using single-cell transcriptome sequencing, we analyzed five peripheral blood samples (one normal individual and four patients who underwent LT and received immunosuppressive therapy for 2 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 7 years, respectively) for immune cell composition and gene expression.

Immunological function and prognostic value of lymphoid-specific helicase in liver hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS), a SNF2-like chromatin-remodeling enzyme, plays a key role in tumor progression via its DNA methylation function. However, the effects of HELLS on immune infiltration and prognosis in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) remain uncertain.

Methods: The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was employed to explore the pan-cancer mRNA expression of HELLS and its correlation with immunity.

The interplay between noncoding RNAs and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma: the big impact of little things.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in people, and a common primary liver cancer. Lacking early diagnosis and a high recurrence rate after surgical resection, systemic treatment is still an important treatment method for advanced HCC. Different drugs have distinct curative effects, side effects and drug resistance due to different properties.

Strong and Tough Nanostructured Hydrogels and Organogels Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly.

In nature, the hierarchical structure of biological tissues endows them with outstanding mechanics and elaborated functions. However, it remains a great challenge to construct biomimetic hydrogels with well-defined nanostructures and good mechanical properties. Herein, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is for the first time exploited as a general strategy for nanostructured hydrogels and organogels with tailored nanodomains and outstanding mechanical properties.

Is percutaneous drainage better than endoscopic drainage in the management of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice? A meta-analysis of RCTs.

To compare the safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was undertaken to assess the differences between the two procedures in terms of efficacy and safety. From November 2000 to November 2022, the Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice with ERCP or PTCD. Two investigators independently assessed the quality of the included studies and extracted the data.

Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Rat Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Ischemia Through Mitochondrial Autophagy Pathway.

Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential mechanism of Rg1 in alleviating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIRI) through the mitophagy pathway.

Methods: The HIRI rat models were established and divided into 4 groups: the sham group, sham+Rg1 group, ischemia/perfusion (I/R) group and I/R+Rg1 group. Then the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were detected by automatic serum analyzer.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveals dysregulation of purine metabolism during the acute phase of spinal cord injury in rats.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in drastic dysregulation of microenvironmental metabolism during the acute phase, which greatly affects neural recovery. A better insight into the potential molecular pathways of metabolic dysregulation by multi-omics analysis could help to reveal targets that promote nerve repair and regeneration in the future.

Materials And Methods: We established the SCI model and rats were randomly divided into two groups: the acute-phase SCI (ASCI) group ( = 14, 3 days post-SCI) and the sham group with day-matched periods ( = 14, without SCI).

Microglial activation in the motor cortex mediated NLRP3-related neuroinflammation and neuronal damage following spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event that can lead to neurodegeneration. Neuronal damage in the primary motor cortex (M1) can hinder motor function recovery after SCI. However, the exact mechanisms involved in neuronal damage after SCI remain incompletely understood.

Integrative analyses of genes related to liver ischemia reperfusion injury.

Background: Liver ischemia reperfusion injury (LIRI) is not only a common injury during liver transplantation and major hepatic surgery, but also one of the primary factors that affect the outcome of postoperative diseases. However, there are still no reliable ways to tackle the problem. Our study aimed to find some characteristic genes associated with immune infiltration that affect LIRI, which can provide some insights for future research in the future.

STMN1 as a novel prognostic biomarker in HCC correlating with immune infiltrates and methylation.

Background: Upregulation of Stathmin 1 (STMN1), a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that controls the dynamics of cellular microtubules, is linked to malignant behavior and poor prognosis in a range of malignancies. However, little research has been done on STMN1's potential role in HCC as a single factor in DNA methylation, mA, or immunological modulation.

Results: STMN1 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, where it is related to clinicopathological parameters and affects the prognosis of HCC patients.

Landscape of the gut archaeome in association with geography, ethnicity, urbanization, and diet in the Chinese population.

Background And Aims: The human gut is home to a largely underexplored microbiome component, the archaeome. Little is known of the impact of geography, urbanization, ethnicity, and diet on the gut archaeome in association with host health. We aim to delineate the variation of the human gut archaeome in healthy individuals and its association with environmental factors and host homeostasis.

Enabling High-Voltage "Superconcentrated Ionogel-in-Ceramic" Hybrid Electrolyte with Ultrahigh Ionic Conductivity and Single Li -Ion Transference Number.

High room-temperature ionic conductivities, large Li -ion transference numbers, and good compatibility with both Li-metal anodes and high-voltage cathodes of the solid electrolytes are the essential requirements for practical solid-state lithium-metal batteries. Herein, a unique "superconcentrated ionogel-in-ceramic" (SIC) electrolyte prepared by an in situ thermally initiated radical polymerization is reported. Solid-state static Li NMR and molecular dynamics simulation reveal the roles of ceramic in Li local environments and transport in the SIC electrolyte.

Heat Shock Transcription Factor 2 Promotes Mitophagy of Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through PARL/PINK1/Parkin Pathway in Ulcerative Colitis.

The overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is among the important reasons for severe inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). We found that heat shock transcription factor 2 (HSF2), which is highly expressed in UC, could inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and reduce IL-1β in IECs, but the mechanisms were still not clear. It has been reported that HSP72 regulated by HSF2 can enhance the mitophagy mediated by Parkin.

Hippocampal Mitochondrial Abnormalities Induced the Dendritic Complexity Reduction and Cognitive Decline in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease in addition to a traumatic event. Cognitive dysfunction following SCI has been widely reported in patients and animal models. However, the neuroanatomical changes affecting cognitive function after SCI, as well as the mechanisms behind these changes, have so far remained elusive.

Negative pressure wound therapy for managing the open abdomen in non-trauma patients.

Background: Management of the open abdomen is a considerable burden for patients and healthcare professionals. Various temporary abdominal closure techniques have been suggested for managing the open abdomen. In recent years, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used in some centres for the treatment of non-trauma patients with an open abdomen; however, its effectiveness is uncertain.