Fasting-mimicking diet-enriched suppresses colorectal cancer by inducing memory CD8 T cells.

Background: Fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) boosts the antitumour immune response in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiota is a key host immunity regulator, affecting physiological homeostasis and disease pathogenesis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate how FMD protects against CRC via gut microbiota modulation.

Single-cell transcriptomics identifies the common perturbations of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in inflammaging of bone marrow.

Background: Bone marrow inflammaging is a low-grade chronic inflammation that induces bone marrow aging. Multiple age-related and inflammatory diseases involve bone marrow inflammaging. Whether common pathological pathways exist in bone marrow inflammaging remains unclear.

A Multifunctional MIL-101-NH(Fe) Nanoplatform for Synergistic Melanoma Therapy.

Background: Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer, and single-modality treatments often fail to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. Combination therapy has emerged as an effective approach to improve treatment outcomes.

Methods: In this study, we developed a multifunctional nanoplatform, MIL@DOX@ICG, utilizing MIL-101-NH(Fe) as a carrier to co-deliver the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG).

Effect of sludge-based biochar on the stabilization of Cd in soil: experimental and theoretical studies.

Soil heavy metal contamination and sludge disposal have become globally environmental issues problems of great concern. Utilizing sludge pyrolysis to produce biochar for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil is an effective strategy to solve these two environmental problems. In this study, municipal sewage sludge and papermaking sludge were used as feedstock to prepare co-pyrolyzed biochar, which was then applied to reduce the toxicity of Cd in soil.

Accumulation of advanced oxidative protein products exacerbate satellite glial cells activation and neuropathic pain.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a debilitating condition caused by lesion or dysfunction in the somatosensory nervous system. Accumulation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) is implicated in mechanical hyperalgesia. However, the effects of AOPPs on NP remain unclear.

The incidence of inflow and drain pain and associated risk factors for patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Background: The high prevalence and prolonged duration of inflow pain and drain pain experienced by peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients following PD catheter implantation impact their quality of life. However, there is limited data on the frequency and predisposing factors of these pains in the Chinese population undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Methods: This study encompassed individuals who underwent peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation at our institution from September 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus using Nanopore and Hi-C technologies.

Black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) is one of the "four famous domestic fishes" in China and an important economic fish in freshwater aquaculture. A high-quality genome is essential for advancing future biological research and breeding programs for this species. In this study, we aimed to generate a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of black carp using Nanopore and Hi-C technologies.

CircPIK3C3 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression and lenvatinib resistance by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via the miR-452-5p/SOX15 axis.

Introduction: Resistance to lenvatinib limits the effectiveness of the targeted treatments for HCC. However, the exact mechanism behind this resistance remains elusive. Current research suggests that circular RNA (circRNA) is pivotal in mediating drug resistance during targeted treatments.

Pinelliae Rhizoma: a systematic review on botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, preclinical and clinical evidence.

Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR), known as Banxia in Chinese, Hange in Japanese, and Banha in Korean, is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. (PT).

Indole-3-Lactic Acid Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Ferroptosis Through Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway.

The clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to its cardiotoxicity, which is primarily attributed to its interaction with iron in mitochondria, leading to lipid peroxidation and myocardial ferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-derived metabolite, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), in mitigating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Cardiac function, pathological changes, and myocardial ferroptosis were assessed in vivo.

Identification of Olfactory Receptors Responding to Androstenone and the Key Structure Determinant in Domestic Pig.

Olfactory receptors (ORs) are members of the transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, playing a crucial role in odor recognition, which further mediates crucial biological processes in mammals. In sows, androstenone can trigger sexual behaviors through olfaction, but the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. To efficiently and accurately screen pig olfactory receptors responding to androstenone and the key structure determinant, we adapted the high-throughput RNA-seq strategy to screen the altered genes upon androstenone treatment in the olfactory epithelium of pigs, yielding 1397 downregulated genes.

Multivalent ionizable lipid-polypeptides for tumor-confined mRNA transfection.

mRNA therapeutics is revolutionizing the treatment concepts toward many diseases including cancer. The potential of mRNA is, however, frequently limited by modest control over site of transfection. Here, we have explored a library of multivalent ionizable lipid-polypeptides (MILP) to achieve robust mRNA complexation and tumor-confined transfection.

Improved diagnosis of small cervical lymph node metastasis using postvascular phase perfluorobutane CEUS in cancer patients.

Background: Accurate identification of small metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) remains a significant challenge with conventional ultrasound (US) due to its limitations in sensitivity for smaller LNs. The use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), especially with perfluorobutane in the postvascular phase of CEUS, may improve the diagnosis of metastatic LNs in cancer patients. We sought to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the postvascular phase of CEUS with perfluorobutane in identifying suspected small cervical LNs in cancer patients.

Thiophene engineering of near-infrared D-π-A nano-photosensitizers for enhanced multiple phototheranostics and inhibition of tumor metastasis.

Phototherapy including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used for cancer treatment because of its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal controllability, and low side effects. However, the PTT and PDT capabilities of photosensitizers (PSs) compete so it's still a crucial challenge to simultaneously enhance the PDT and PTT capabilities of PSs. In this work, donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A)-based boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes were developed via molecular engineering and applied for enhanced phototherapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Targeted migration mechanisms of nitrogen-containing pollutants during chemical looping co-gasification of coal and microalgae.

The chemical looping co-gasification of nitrogen-containing algal biomass and coal could effectively realize the high-value utilization of gasification products, but the mechanism of conversion of nitrogen-containing pollutants is not clear. In this work, the effects of the different ratios of microalgae on the co-gasification process were first explored, and the results showed that the 40 % coal + 60 % microalgae blending had the best synergistic effect, with a comprehensive synergistic index (CSI) of 1.35 as the maximum value.

Design and synthesis of Pt/TiO catalyst with abundant surface hydroxyl for formaldehyde oxidation.

Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is a highly effective method for indoor HCHO removal. However, many aspects of the catalytic mechanism remain unclear, making the optimization of catalysts largely empirical. Herein, we report a coupled experimental and computational study of Pt/TiO catalysts, with special focus on the functional roles of surface oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups in the catalytic oxidation of HCHO.

A refined kidney tumor nephrometry system employed to screen pediatric patients who are eligible for nephron sparing surgery.

Purpose: Comprehension of the anatomical characteristics of pediatric kidney tumors is crucial for making surgical decisions. Previous kidney tumor nephrometry systems failed to incorporate two significant factors: tumor thrombus and multifocality. We develop a refined nephrometry system based on a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics exhibited by pediatric kidney tumors.

Genetic predisposition to Behcet's disease mediated by a IL10RA enhancer polymorphism.

Background: Several studies suggested the genetic association between IL10RA variants and susceptibility to Behcet's disease (BD). However, the precise mechanism of the association is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the genetic associations between IL10RA polymorphisms and the risk of BD.

A lanmodulin-based fluorescent assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of rare earth elements.

Sensitive and rapid detection methods for rare earth elements (REEs), including lanthanides (Lns), will facilitate the mining and recovery of these elements. Here, we innovated a rapid, highly selective and sensitive fluorescence detection method for Lns, based on Hans-Lanmodulin, a newly discovered protein with high selectivity and binding affinity for rare earth elements. By labelling the fluorescein moiety FITC onto Hans-Lanmodulin, named as FITC-Hans-LanM.

WWC proteins-mediated compensatory mechanism restricts schwannomatosis driven by loss of function.

NF2-related schwannomatosis, previously known as neurofibromatosis type 2, is a genetic disorder characterized by nerve tumors due to gene mutations. Mice with deletion develop schwannomas slowly with low penetrance, hence inconvenient for preclinical studies. Here, we show that NF2, by recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP1/2, promotes WWC1-3 ubiquitination and degradation.

Results of Bioabsorbable Screws for the Fixation of Chevron Osteotomy in the Treatment of Hallux Valgus Deformities.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the safety and reliability of using bioabsorbable screws for the fixation of chevron osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus (HV) deformity.

Methods: Clinical cases of chevron osteotomy in the treatment of HV deformities in our hospital between December 2018 and August 2022 were retrospectively summarised to compare preoperative imaging indices with those at the final follow-up session, including the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA) and tibial sesamoid position (TSP). The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal scale, short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and European Foot and Ankle Society (EFAS) scale were used to assess therapeutic efficacy.

Enhanced accuracy and stability in automated intra-pancreatic fat deposition monitoring of type 2 diabetes mellitus using Dixon MRI and deep learning.

Purpose: Intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) is closely associated with the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to develop an accurate and automated method for assessing IPFD on multi-echo Dixon MRI.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 534 patients from two centers who underwent upper abdomen MRI and completed multi-echo and double-echo Dixon MRI were included.

MSGU-Net: a lightweight multi-scale ghost U-Net for image segmentation.

U-Net and its variants have been widely used in the field of image segmentation. In this paper, a lightweight multi-scale Ghost U-Net (MSGU-Net) network architecture is proposed. This can efficiently and quickly process image segmentation tasks while generating high-quality object masks for each object.

Identification of novel xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides from Takifugu obscurus: Peptidomic analysis, molecular docking, and dynamics simulation.

Hyperuricemia, caused by abnormal purine metabolism, is commonly treated with xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitors, uricosuric, and dietary adjustments. Recently, marine-derived bioactive peptides have gained attention as potential functional food ingredients due to their therapeutic potential. Takifugu obscurus, an economically significant offshore fish rich in crude proteins was explored in this study as a source of XOD inhibitory peptides.