The effects of ambient temperature and feeding regimens on cecum bacteria composition and circadian rhythm in growing rabbits.

Seasonal environmental shifts and improper eating habits are the important causes of diarrhea in children and growing animals. Whether adjusting feeding time at varying temperatures can modify cecal bacterial structure and improve diarrhea remains unknown. Three batches growing rabbits with two groups per batch were raised under different feeding regimens (fed at daytime vs.

Predictive nonlinear modeling of malignant myelopoiesis and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a blood cancer characterized by dysregulated production of maturing myeloid cells driven by the product of the Philadelphia chromosome, the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have proved effective in treating CML, but there is still a cohort of patients who do not respond to TKI therapy even in the absence of mutations in the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain that mediate drug resistance. To discover novel strategies to improve TKI therapy in CML, we developed a nonlinear mathematical model of CML hematopoiesis that incorporates feedback control and lineage branching.

Chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic: Case series.

Background: Misuse of disinfectants during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to several poisoning incidents. However, there are few clinical case reports on poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants.

Aim: To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment effects of chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of hypochlorite bleach with acidic cleaning agents.

Cdc42 Promotes Axonogenesis of Primary Hippocampal Neurons by Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β.

Background: Progressive axon degeneration is a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family that participates in axonogenesis. GSK-3β is a serine/threonine kinase highly implicated in neuronal development and neurodegeneration.

The impact of Rhodiola rosea on biomarkers of diabetes, inflammation, and microbiota in a leptin receptor-knockout mouse model.

Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent endocrine disease in the world, and recently the gut microbiota have become a potential target for its management. Recent studies have illustrated that this disease may predispose individuals to certain microbiome compositions, and treatments like metformin have been shown to change gut microbiota and their associated metabolic pathways. However, given the limitations and side effects associated with pharmaceuticals currently being used for therapy of diabetes, there is a significant need for alternative treatments.

Metabolomics analysis reveals the renal protective effect of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey in type 1 diabetic rats.

The dry root and rhizome of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey has garnered much interest owing to its medicinal properties against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

Multiresidue screening of pesticides in Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

In this study, an efficient screening method based on a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was established for the determination of 90 pesticides residues in Panax Ginseng. The accuracy of the method was then verified by analyzing the false positive rate and the screening detection limit in Ginseng. The results revealed that the screening detection limit of 33 of 90 pesticide residues were 0.

Night-Restricted Feeding Improves Gut Health by Synchronizing Microbe-Driven Serotonin Rhythm and Eating Activity-Driven Body Temperature Oscillations in Growing Rabbits.

The circadian misalignment of the gut microbiota caused by unusual eating times in adult animals is related to disease development. However, whether the composition and diurnal rhythm of gut microbiota can be optimized by synchronizing the window period of eating with natural eating habits to reduce the risk of diarrhea remains unclear, especially in growing animals. In this study, 108 5-week-old weaned rabbits (nocturnal animals) were randomly subjected to daytime feeding (DF) and night-restricted feeding (NRF).

Cdc42 Facilitates Axonogenesis by Enhancing Microtubule Stabilization in Primary Hippocampal Neurons.

The establishment of polarity is an essential process in early neuronal development. Cdc42, a GTPase of the Rho family, is a key regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics and neuronal polarity. However, the mechanisms underlying the action of cdc42 in regulating axonogenesis have not been elucidated.

Optimal experimental design for mathematical models of haematopoiesis.

The haematopoietic system has a highly regulated and complex structure in which cells are organized to successfully create and maintain new blood cells. It is known that feedback regulation is crucial to tightly control this system, but the specific mechanisms by which control is exerted are not completely understood. In this work, we aim to uncover the underlying mechanisms in haematopoiesis by conducting perturbation experiments, where animal subjects are exposed to an external agent in order to observe the system response and evolution.

Prolonged melatonin treatment promote testicular recovery by enhancing RAC1-mediated apoptotic cell clearance and cell junction-dependent spermatogensis after heat stress.

Introduction: A decline in semen quality caused by global warming and torrid working conditions is a major cause of human male infertility, and heat stress-induced decreases in male reproductive ability results in economic losses in livestock husbandry. Increasing evidence suggests that melatonin exerts protective effects on stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in germ cells. However, few studies have assessed the effects of melatonin on testicular recovery during post-heat stress and the underlying mechanisms.

Night-restricted feeding improves locomotor activity rhythm and modulates nutrient utilization to accelerate growth in rabbits.

An unfavorable lifestyle disrupts the circadian rhythm, leading to metabolic dysfunction in adult humans and animals. Increasing evidence suggests that night-restricted feeding (NRF) can effectively prevent ectopic fat deposition caused by circadian rhythm disruption, and reduce the risk of metabolic diseases. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the prevention of obesity in adults by regulating dietary patterns, whereas limited attention has been paid to the effect of NRF on metabolism during growth and development.

WD Repeat Domain 1 Deficiency Inhibits Neointima Formation in Mice Carotid Artery by Modulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation.

The migration, dedifferentiation, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are responsible for intimal hyperplasia, but the mechanism of this process has not been elucidated. WD repeat domain 1 (WDR1) promotes actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin-mediated depolymerization of actin filaments (F-actin). The role of WDR1 in neointima formation and progression is still unknown.

[The role of actin cytoskeleton in regulating the deployment process of mouse cardiac second heart field progenitor cells].

The vertebrate heart tube originates from cardiogenic mesodermal cells in the early embryo, and subsequently elongates by progressive addition of second heart field (SHF) progenitor cells from adjacent pharyngeal mesoderm and splanchnic mesoderm. Insufficient addition of SHF cells to the heart tube causes the failure of maximal elongation of the heart tube, which results in a series of developmental defects including the most common congenital birth defects, such as right ventricular dysplasia and outflow tract septation, and alignment anomalies. SHF cells form an atypical, apicobasally polarized epithelium which is characterized by apical monocilia, and dynamic actin-rich basal filopodia.

Forskolin Induces Hyperphosphorylation of Tau Accompanied by Cell Cycle Reactivation in Primary Hippocampal Neurons.

Abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau is the major protein constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Cell cycle reactivation is considered an important neuropathological feature of AD, and re-expression and activation of cell cycle regulators are known to occur in neurons containing NFTs. The aim of the present study was to investigate cell cycle reactivation during tau hyperphosphorylation in primary hippocampal neurons.

[Study on Therapeutic Effects of Ermiao Pill and Ermiao Pill Categorized Formula in Hyperuricemic Rats Using Spectroscopic Methods].

A stable mouse model of hyperuricemia was established by intraperitoneal injection of xanthine and oxonate, comparing the water extracts (containing crude drug 360 mg · mL(-1)) of Ermiao pill categorized formula (The ratio of atractylodes lancea to cortex phellodendri was 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1, respectively) and Ermiao pill (360 mg · mL(-1)) administered to different groups of animals continuously for two weeks and assessing the protection or treatment of drug on hyperuricemia. The xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities in serum and liver were detected by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy at 570 nm wavelength, The results showed that as compared with each group, the XOD activity of the model group was significantly increased in serum (p < 0.01), XOD activity showed no significant difference in liver (p > 0.

[Effects of microalgal diets on juvenile growth and survival of the ark shell, Scapharca broughtonii].

Under hatchery conditions (temperature, 23.5-24.0 degrees C; salinity, 29.

Protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on septic rats and its mechanism.

This study aims to observe the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on liver and lung in rats with septic shock and reveal its mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP with ginsenoside Rb1. Then, the survival rate, arterial blood pressure, TLR4 mRNA, and TNF-α levels were determined.

Daidzein suppresses pro-inflammatory chemokine Cxcl2 transcription in TNF-α-stimulated murine lung epithelial cells via depressing PARP-1 activity.

Aim: Daidzein (4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone) is an isoflavone exiting in many herbs that has shown anti-inflammation activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory action in murine lung epithelial cells.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were intranasally exposed to TNF-α to induce lung inflammation.

Discovery of Disubstituted Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and Purines as Potent TrkA Inhibitors.

Trk receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in cancer and pain. A crystal structure of TrkA with AZ-23 (1a) was obtained, and scaffold hopping resulted in two 5/6-bicyclic series comprising either imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines or purines. Further optimization of these two fusion series led to compounds with subnanomolar potencies against TrkA kinase in cellular assays.

Identification and preclinical characterization of AZ-23, a novel, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Trk kinase pathway.

Tropomyosin-related kinases (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC) are receptor tyrosine kinases that, along with their ligands, the neurotrophins, are involved in neuronal cell growth, development, and survival. The Trk-neurotrophin pathway may also play a role in tumorigenesis through oncogenic fusions, mutations, and autocrine signaling, prompting the development of novel Trk inhibitors as agents for cancer therapy. This report describes the identification of AZ-23, a novel, potent, and selective Trk kinase inhibitor.

[Study on the interaction of PTB and serum albumin by fluorescence method].

A molecular spectroscopic investigation of the interaction of phenacyl thiazolium bromide (PTB) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA) is reported employing fluorescence quenching techniques. It is determined that the maximal excitation wavelength is 280 nm for BSA solution, and 290 nm for HAS solution. When PTB was added into these solutions gradually, the emission peaks were decreased obviously, which are typical quenching phenomena.

[Expression and identification of the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor type III variant].

Objective: To clone the extracellular domain (ECD) of the type III variant of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) and construct the recombinant expression plasmid.

Methods: A DNA fragment (vIII ECD) encoding the extracellular domain of human EGFRvIII was obtained by PCR, and its T-A was cloned and sequenced. The DNA fragment was then ligated into the GST fusion expression vector to construct the recombination plasmid.

[Exploration of the alternative splicing variants of rat phospholipase C-gamma 1 pre-mRNA].

Objective: To explore the expression of phospholipase C-gamma 1 (PLC-gamma1) alternative splicing variants in rats.

Methods: According to the sequence of human PLCG1 splicing variant, specific primers for rat PLC-gamma1 were designed and synthesized. The rat RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA, which was amplified using the specific primers, and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using BLAST and bioinformatics methods.