The comparative study of the efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide combined with vasoactive medications for elderly patients with heart failure and hypotension receiving injections.

Background: Heart failure (HF) in elderly patients with concurrent hypotension presents a therapeutic challenge due to limited standard HF therapies' applicability. Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) and vasoactive medications have shown potential in HF management, but their combined efficacy in elderly patients with HF and hypotension remains understudied.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included elderly HF patients with hypotension who received rhBNP alone (Group A, n = 68), rhBNP with dobutamine (Group B, n = 74), or rhBNP with dopamine (Group C, n = 71).

Resistance to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: Unraveling causes, developing effective strategies, and exploring potential breakthroughs.

Over the last two decades, advancements in deciphering the intricate interactions between oncology and immunity have fueled a meteoric rise in immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer, typified by an explosive growth of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, resistance to immunotherapy remains inevitable. Herein we unravel the labyrinthine mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy, characterized by their involvement of nearly all types of cells within the body, beyond the extrinsic cancer cells, and importantly, such cells are not only (inhibitory or excitatory, or both) signal recipients but also producers, acting in a context-dependent manner.

Incorporating preoperative and intraoperative data to predict postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery: The online two-stage prediction tool.

Background: Prior research on postoperative pneumonia (POP) risk models focused on preoperative factors but overlooked intraoperative variables vital for precision. These models also neglected the higher-risk elderly population. This study seeks to develop and evaluate preoperative and combined models to predict POP risk in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery.

Photoluminescent Core-Shell Structural Porous Fibers-Based Metafabric for Colored Daytime Passive Radiative Cooling.

Passive radiative cooling technology provides a sustainable thermal management strategy for outdoor workers under extremely hot environments. However, daytime radiative cooling textiles typically appear white or mirror-like due to the near-complete reflection of sunlight, which poses a significant limitation for outdoor applications where visual aesthetics are important. Herein, we designed colored photoluminescent radiative cooling (CPRC) metafabrics, which are woven from carbon-dot-based coaxial porous fibers, to achieve effective radiative cooling without sacrificing color aesthetics.

N200 and late components reveal text-emoji congruency effect in affective theory of mind.

Emojis are thought to be important for online communication, affecting not only our emotional state, but also our ability to infer the sender's emotional state, i.e., the affective theory of mind (aToM).

Intelligent larval zebrafish phenotype recognition via attention mechanism for high-throughput screening.

Background: Larval zebrafish phenotypes serve as critical research indicators in fields such as ecotoxicology and safety assessment since phenotypic defects are closely related to alterations of underlying pathway. However, identifying these defects is time-consuming and requires specialized knowledge.

Method: We proposed a deep network model called RECNet, which combines attention mechanisms and residual structures.

Using Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography to Differentiate Atypical Cardiac Myxoma From Thrombus.

Objective: Atypical cardiac myxoma usually presents as an isolated mass attached to the atrial septum on imaging, with no movement and a wider attachment base. It is difficult to distinguish it from cardiac thrombus through conventional echocardiography or computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of CT coronary angiography imaging features in distinguishing atypical cardiac myxoma from cardiac thrombus.

Hexane extract from roots: wound healing properties and membrane-disruptive activities against methicillin-resistant .

Introduction: The extensively used Hemsl. (Lauraceae) in traditional Chinese medicine has been specifically employed for wound healing and treating skin diseases in cattle and horses, suggesting its potential antibacterial properties. To explore the antibacterial activities of plants, we investigated the chemicals, antibacterial activities and wound healing and of the n-hexane fraction of roots (LCH).

Utilizing pillararenes as capping agents to stabilize copper nanoparticles for cost-effective and high-performance SERS application.

Gold, silver, and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) exhibit strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects at specific sizes, which can amplify the Raman signals of adsorbed molecules. However, despite the cost-effectiveness of CuNPs, their applications in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are limited due to their susceptibility to surface oxidation and particle aggregation. In this study, three distinct capping agents-pillararenes, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and sodium citrate-were employed to enhance particle dispersion, improve stability, and protect the CuNPs from oxidation and degradation.

TRIM56 Promotes White Adipose Tissue Browning to Attenuate Obesity by Degrading TLE3.

In mammals, the activation of thermogenic adipocytes, such as beige and brown adipocytes, can significantly increase overall energy expenditure, offering a promising strategy to combat metabolic diseases. Despite its considerable potential, the regulatory mechanisms governing this activation remain largely elusive. This study bridges this gap by elucidating that tripartite motif 56 (TRIM56), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is upregulated in response to cold stimuli, thereby promoting the recruitment of beige adipocytes.

Identification of genetic variants in MTHFD1 associated with risk of hypertension.

Background: MTHFD1, involved in folate metabolism, has been associated with various health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MTHFD1 and the risk of hypertension.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study involving 838 hypertensive patients and 438 controls.

Transcriptional regulatory network analysis identifies GRN as a key regulator bridging chemotherapy and immunotherapy response in small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive and heterogeneous subtype, representing 15% of lung cancer cases. Although SCLC initially responds to etoposide and platinum (EP) chemotherapy, nearly all patients relapse with resistant tumors. While recent advances in immunotherapy have shown promise, only 10-20% of patients benefit, and effective stratification methods are lacking.

Intrinsic Distortion against Jahn-Teller Distortion: A New Paradigm for High-Stability Na-Ion Layered Mn-Rich Oxide Cathodes.

Layered manganese-rich oxides (LMROs) are widely recognized as the leading cathode candidates for grid-scale sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their high specific capacities and cost benefits, but the notorious Jahn-Teller (J-T) distortion of Mn always induces severe structural degradation and consequent rapid cathode failure, impeding the practical implementation of such materials. Herein, we unveil the "intrinsic distortion against J-T distortion" mechanism to effectively stabilize the layered frameworks of LMRO cathodes. The intrinsic distortion simply constructed by introducing bulk oxygen vacancies is systematically confirmed by advanced synchrotron X-ray techniques, atomic-scale imaging characterizations, and theoretical computations, which can counteract the J-T distortion during cycling due to their opposite deformation orientations.

Association between the low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio and prognosis in critically ill intracerebral hemorrhage patients: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: The relationship between lipid profiles and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) has garnered increasing attention. The ratio of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein (LHR) is one of the key lipid profile indices. However, studies investigating the association between LHR and the prognosis of critically ill ICH patients remain limited.

Evaluating the synergistic use of advanced liver models and AI for the prediction of drug-induced liver injury.

Introduction: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure. Hepatotoxicity typically occurs only in a subset of individuals after prolonged exposure and constitutes a major risk factor for the termination of drug development projects.

Areas Covered: We provide an overview of available human liver models for DILI research and discuss how they have been used to aid in early risk assessments and to mitigate the risk of project closures due to DILI in clinical stages.

Precession modulates the poleward expansion of atmospheric circulation to the Arctic Ocean.

Under sustained global warming, Arctic climate is projected to become more responsive to changes in North Pacific meridional heat transport as a result of teleconnections between low and high latitudes, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct subarctic humidity changes over the past 400 kyr to investigate the role of low-to-high latitude interactions in regulating Arctic hydroclimate. Our reconstruction is based on precipitation-driven sediment input variations in the Subarctic North Pacific (SANP), which reveal a strong precessional cycle in subarctic humidity under the relatively low eccentricity variations that dominated the past four glacial-interglacial cycles.

Enhanced phosphorus weathering contributed to Late Miocene cooling.

Late Miocene climate evolution provides an opportunity to assess Earth's climate sensitivity to carbon cycle perturbation under warmer-than-modern conditions. Despite its relevance for understanding the climate system, the driving mechanisms underlying profound climate and carbon cycle changes - including the enigmatic Late Miocene cooling from 7 to 5.4 million years ago - remain unclear.

Hepatocellular CMPK2 promotes the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a progressive subtype of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has limited pharmacological treatment options. Therefore, we aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets.

Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and human liver tissues obtained from patients with MASH were used to identify differentially expressed genes in MASH.

Identification of genetic variants of the gene in association with COPD susceptibility.

Background: Although existing studies have identified some genetic loci associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility, many variants remain to be discovered. The aim of this study was to further explore the potential relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and COPD risk.

Methods: Nine hundred and ninety-six subjects were recruited (498 COPD cases and 498 healthy controls).

Association of Time in Target Range of Resting Heart Rate With Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Heart rate (HR) has been proved to be associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in Acute coronary syndrome patients. However, the threshold value and clinical significance of time in target of resting heart rate (TTR-HR) remain insufficiently elucidated. Our study aimed to evaluate the independent association between TTR-HR and cardiovascular outcomes in the follow-up study of ACS.

MPIC: Exploring alternative approach to standard convolution in deep neural networks.

In the rapidly evolving field of deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) retain their unique strengths and applicability in processing grid-structured data such as images, despite the surge of Transformer architectures. This paper explores alternatives to the standard convolution, with the objective of augmenting its feature extraction prowess while maintaining a similar parameter count. We propose innovative solutions targeting depthwise separable convolution and standard convolution, culminating in our Multi-scale Progressive Inference Convolution (MPIC).

An all integer-based spiking neural network with dynamic threshold adaptation.

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are typically regards as the third generation of neural networks due to their inherent event-driven computing capabilities and remarkable energy efficiency. However, training an SNN that possesses fast inference speed and comparable accuracy to modern artificial neural networks (ANNs) remains a considerable challenge. In this article, a sophisticated SNN modeling algorithm incorporating a novel dynamic threshold adaptation mechanism is proposed.

Impact of IL13 genetic polymorphisms on COPD susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Interleukin-13 (IL13), associated with T-helper type 2 cells, plays a crucial role in COPD pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL13 to COPD risk.

Macrophage metabolic reprogramming: A trigger for cardiac damage in autoimmune diseases.

Macrophage metabolic reprogramming has a central role in the progression of autoimmune and auto-inflammatory diseases. The heart is a major target organ in many autoimmune conditions and can sustain functional and structural impairments, potentially leading to irreversible cardiac damage. There is mounting clinical evidence pointing to a link between autoimmune disease and cardiac damage.