New strategy of LI-RADS v2018 to improve the sensitivity for small hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3.0 cm on extracellular-contrast enhanced MRI.

Introduction: We aimed to modify LI-RADS version 2018 to improve sensitivity and determine the value of the combination of high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels for small HCC (sHCC, ≤ 30 mm) diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 984 patients at high risk for HCC, with 1204 observations (including 997 small observations ≤ 30 mm), who underwent extracellular contrast-enhanced MRI were enrolled from five independent centers. Blinded readers evaluated the LI-RADS features and categorized each observation according to the LI-RADS v2018, modified LI-RADS and EASL.

Association between personal attenuation rating with types of earplugs and noise exposure levels in a textile factory in China.

Objective: To investigate the effects of earplug type and noise exposure level on textile workers' personal attenuation rating (PAR).

Design: Initial and follow-up visits were conducted at a 17-month interval. At each visit, a baseline HPD fit test was performed using either a 3M foam or pre-molded earplug, as chosen by the workers.

Higher triglyceride‑glucose index is associated with increased risk of stroke among middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a national longitudinal study.

Stroke is a severe cerebrovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the association between triglyceride‑glucose (TyG) index and stroke among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Data was extracted from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study survey 2015 and survey 2018.

When can we start early enteral nutrition safely in patients with shock on vasopressors?

Shock is a common critical illness characterized by microcirculatory disorders and insufficient tissue perfusion. Patients with shock and hemodynamic instability generally require vasopressors to maintain the target mean arterial pressure. Enteral nutrition (EN) is an important therapeutic intervention in critically ill patients and has unique benefits for intestinal recovery.

Clinical Significance of the Prognostic Nutritional Index in Predicting Delirium among Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Delirium is a serious and complex problem facing critically ill patients. This retrospective study aimed to explore the association between prognostic nutrition index (PNI) and delirium in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study was based on the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care IV (MIMIC IV) database.

Moracin D suppresses cell growth and induces apoptosis via targeting the XIAP/PARP1 axis in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic cancer, a tumor with a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis, is among the deadliest human malignancies. Investigating effective drugs for their treatment is imperative. Moracin D, a natural benzofuran compound isolated from Morus alba L.

First-line CDK4/6 inhibitor-based combinations for HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: International guidelines recommend cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i)-based first-line therapy for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). However, direct drug comparisons are lacking. We aimed to identify the most effective and safe therapy through network meta-analysis (NMA).

m6A-modified circ_0124554 promotes colorectal cancer progression and radioresistance through the miR-1184/LASP1 pathway.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to regulate the progression of various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role and mechanism of circ_0124554 in regulating the sensitivity of CRC to radiation remain unknown.

Methods: The RNA levels of circ_0124554, LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1), and methyltransferase 3, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex catalytic subunit (METTL3) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Head-to-head comparison of F-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT in staging and therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Fluorine 18 (F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has limitations in staging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The recently introduced F-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has shown promising prospects in detection of HCC lesions. This study aimed to investigate the initial staging and restaging performance of F-FAPI PET/CT compared to F-FDG PET/CT in HCC.

Discovery and Optimization of Novel DHODH Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

As a key rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is considered a known target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, BAY 41-2272 with a 1-pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine scaffold was identified as an DHODH inhibitor by screening an active compound library containing 5091 molecules. Further optimization led to 2-(1-(2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl)-1-pyrrolo[2,3-]pyridin-3-yl)-5-cyclopropylpyrimidin-4-amine (, which was found to be the most promising and drug-like compound with potent inhibitory activity against DHODH (IC = 173.

Reproducibility and usefulness of quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient measurements for predicting program death-ligand 1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Accurate assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) before immunotherapy is crucial. We aimed to explore the reproducibility and usefulness of the quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements for predicting PD-L1expression status in NPC.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 134 NPC patients who underwent MRI scans and PD-L1 detection.

AKIP1 accelerates glioblastoma progression through stabilizing EGFR expression.

A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) is found to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers and associated with patients' worse prognosis. Several studies have established AKIP1's malignant functions in tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoradiotherapy resistance. However, the mechanism of AKIP1 involved in accelerating glioblastoma (GBM) progression remains unknown.

TRPML3/BK complex promotes autophagy and bacterial clearance by providing a positive feedback regulation of mTOR via PI3P.

TRPML3 is a Ca/Na release channel residing in both phagophores and endolysosomal membranes. It is activated by PI3P and PI3,5P2. Its activity can be enhanced by high luminal pH and by replacing luminal Na with K.

Integrative models of histopathological images and multi-omics data predict prognosis in endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to predict the molecular features of endometrial carcinoma (EC) and the overall survival (OS) of EC patients using histopathological imaging.

Methods: The patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were separated into the training set ( = 215) and test set ( = 214) in proportion of 1:1. By analyzing quantitative histological image features and setting up random forest model verified by cross-validation, we constructed prognostic models for OS.

PRMT1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by recruiting MLXIP for the transcriptional activation of the β-catenin pathway.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a type I PRMT, is overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC) cells. To elucidate the function of PRMT1 in GC, PRMT1 expression in HGC-27 and MKN-45 cells was knocked down by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or inhibited by PRMT1 inhibitors (AMI-1 or DCLX069), which resulted in inhibition of GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis and . MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP) and Kinectin 1 (KTN1) were identified as PRMT1-binding proteins.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazole amides as potent mitochondrial complex I inhibitors.

Targeting mitochondrial complex I (CI) is emerging as an attractive anticancer strategy, and CI inhibitor IACS-010759 has achieved breakthrough success. However, the narrow therapeutic index of IACS-010759 seriously hinders its further application. In this study, a series of novel pyrazole amides were designed and optimized based on IACS-010759, and their potential CI inhibitory effects were biologically evaluated.

Pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 suppresses growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing GADD45B.

Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) is an attractive target for malignancies therapy. Nevertheless, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the potential of its inhibitor in HCC therapy remains unclear. Here, we show that LSD1 overexpression in human HCC tissues is associated with HCC progression and poor patient survival.

Prognostic significance of cervical radiologic carotid artery invasion by lymph node on magnetic resonance imaging in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: Carotid artery invasion (CAI) has been demonstrated to be an important prognosticator in some head and neck cancers. This study aimed to examine the prognostic value of radiologic CAI (rCAI) by cervical lymphadenopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: NPC patients treated between January 2013 and December 2016 were included.

Heavy metal contamination affects the core microbiome and assembly processes in metal mine soils across Eastern China.

Mining activities in metal mine areas cause serious environmental pollution, thereby imposing stresses to soil ecosystems. Investigating the ecological pattern underlying contaminated soil microbial diversity is essential to understand ecosystem responses to environment changes. Here we collected 624 soil samples from 49 representative metal mines across eastern China and analyzed their soil microbial diversity and biogeographic patterns by using 16 S rRNA gene amplicons.

Discovery of potent human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors based on a benzophenone scaffold.

Blocking the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine by inhibiting human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) is an effective way to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells and activated lymphocytes. Herein, eighteen teriflunomide derivatives and four ASLAN003 derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel hDHODH inhibitors based on a benzophenone scaffold. The optimal compound 7d showed a potent hDHODH inhibitory activity with an IC value of 10.

Safety and efficacy profile of Trastuzumab deruxtecan in solid cancer: pooled reanalysis based on clinical trials.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the efficiency and safety of the new generation antibody-drug conjugate Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a) in treating HER2-positive solid cancers.

Method: By searching PubMed, Medline and Ovid for all clinical trials related to the safety and efficacy of DS-8201a. Event rates were calculated for all adverse events (AEs) to evaluate the safety of DS-8201a.