A preliminary study on the effects of Xiang Shao granules on reproductive endocrinology in drugged ovariectomised rats.

Objective: To establish a rat model of pharmacological ovariectomy by GnRH-a injection and to preliminarily investigate the reproductive endocrine effects of Xiangshao granules on pharmacologically ovariectomized rats.

Methods: A rat model of pharmacological ovariectomy was established by injecting female rats with Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a).The rats were randomly divided into four groups: GnRH-a injected saline group (GnRH-a + NS); GnRH-a injected oestradiol group (GnRH-a + E2); GnRH-a injected Xiangshao granule group (GnRH-a + Xiangshao), and the control group of saline-injected rats (NS + NS).

Prognostic significance of ER-to-PR difference in ER+/HER2- early breast cancer.

ER+/HER2- breast cancer is a common subtype of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ER-to-PR difference (EPD) in ER+/HER2- early breast cancer (EBC). A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 3,340 ER+/HER2- EBC patients, divided into a training cohort of 2,873 patients and a validation cohort of 467 patients.

EFNA5 suppresses cell proliferation and tumor metastasis in hepatoma via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Background: EphrinA5 belongs to a subclass of ephrin ligands. Abnormal signal transduction of EFNA5 shows a relationship to the development of various tumors. In this study, we explored the level of EFNA5 in hepatoma cells and the influence of up regulation of EFNA5 expression level on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of HepG2 and LM3 cells.

The role of initial lymphatics in the absorption of monoclonal antibodies after subcutaneous injection.

The subcutaneous injection is the most common method of administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) due to the patient's comfort and cost-effectiveness. However, the available knowledge about the transport and absorption of this type of biotherapeutics after subcutaneous injection is limited. Here, a mathematical framework to study the subcutaneous drug delivery of mAbs from injection to lymphatic uptake is presented.

Toward 95.5% Efficient Red Emissive Carbon Dots: Oxidation State Enhancing Radiative Electron-Transition of Indole Fluorophore.

Red fluorescence carbon dots (CDs) are promising for diverse applications and have attracted tremendous research interest. However, it is still challenging to achieve red fluorescence CDs with high fluorescence quantum yields (QYs > 50%). Herein, three kinds of red fluorescence CDs with QYs of 53.

Analysis of factors associated with tooth loss in older adults from 1995 to 2015: a population-based cross-sectional survey in Guangdong, China.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect trends and related factors in the functional dentition (FD) in 65- to 74-year-olds in Guangdong, China, while also assessing trends in education and income inequality factors.

Materials And Methods: Three large-scale cross-sectional National Oral Health Surveys (NOHS), specifically NOHS II in 1995, NOHS III in 2005, and NOHS IV in 2015, were included. Post hoc stratification was weighted for 1038 participants aged 65 to 74years.

A Transformer-Based Approach to Leakage Detection in Water Distribution Networks.

The efficient detection of leakages in water distribution networks (WDNs) is crucial to ensuring municipal water supply safety and improving urban operations. Traditionally, machine learning methods such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Autoencoders (AEs) have been used for leakage detection. However, these methods heavily rely on local pressure information and often fail to capture long-term dependencies in pressure series.

ZnI-Mediated -Glycosylations of Various Constrained Glycosyl Donors: Recent Advances in -Selective Glycosylations.

An efficient and versatile glycosylation methodology is crucial for the systematic synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. A direct intermolecular and an indirect intramolecular methodology have been developed, and the former can be applied to the synthesis of medium-to-long-chain glycans like that of nucleotides and peptides. The development of a generally applicable approach for the stereoselective construction of glycosidic bonds remains a major challenge, especially for the synthesis of 1,2- glycosides such as β-mannosides, β-L-rhamnosides, and β-D-arabinofuranosides with equatorial glycosidic bonds as well as α-D-glucosides with axial ones.

Challenges in treating coexisting scrotal apocrine carcinoma and gastric cancer: insights from an elderly patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: Apocrine carcinoma associated with Paget's disease is a rare malignancy that typically manifests in elderly individuals, predominantly affecting the geriatric population. It commonly arises in regions rich in apocrine glands and often exhibits an insidious onset, potentially requiring several years to be diagnosed.

Case Presentation: An 80-year-old male was simultaneously diagnosed with scrotal apocrine carcinoma (showing Paget changes) and early-stage gastric cancer.

Mitigating Risks in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Guided Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy: A Preventative Reference Planning Review Approach.

Purpose: Online adaptive radiation therapy (oART) treatment planning requires evaluating the temporal robustness of reference plans and anticipating the potential changes during treatment courses that may even lead to risks unique to the adaptive workflow. This study conducted a risk analysis of the cone beam computed tomography guided adaptive workflow and is the first to assess an adaptive-specific reference planning review that mitigates risk in the planning process to prevent events and treatment deficiencies during adaptation.

Methods And Materials: A quality management team of medical physicists, residents, physicians, and radiation therapists performed a fault tree analysis and failure mode and effects analysis.

Association between personal attenuation rating with types of earplugs and noise exposure levels in a textile factory in China.

Objective: To investigate the effects of earplug type and noise exposure level on textile workers' personal attenuation rating (PAR).

Design: Initial and follow-up visits were conducted at a 17-month interval. At each visit, a baseline HPD fit test was performed using either a 3M foam or pre-molded earplug, as chosen by the workers.

Discovery of Ketal-Ester Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticle with Reduced Hepatotoxicity, Enhanced Spleen Tropism for mRNA Vaccine Delivery.

The safety and efficacy of the lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery system are crucial for the successful development of messenger RNA vaccines. We designed and synthesized a series of ketal ester lipids (KELs), featuring a biodegradable ketal moiety in the linker and ester segments in the tail. Through iterative optimization of the head and tail groups of KELs, we tuned the pKa and molecular shapes, and identified (4S)-KEL12 as a safe and efficient ionizable lipid for mRNA delivery.

Preparation of chitosan/cellulose nanofibril composite aerogel and its adsorption performance for Cu(II)-MO binary pollutant.

Heavy metals and organic dyes commonly coexist in water, which pose a serious threat to human health. Herein, a functional aerogel for adsorption of Cu(II)-methyl orange binary-polluted system was prepared. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) was prepared by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-NaBr-NaClO system using abandoned pineapple leaves as the main raw material, and chitosan/cellulose nanofibril (CS/CNF) composite aerogel was constructed by sol-gel method combined with freeze-drying.

Four new species of Cortinariaceae (Agaricales) from Northwestern China.

Introduction: Cortinariaceae, which belongs to the Agaricales order, is a globally recognized family, known for its high species diversity.

Methods: Eight internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large ribosomal subunit (LSU) sequences were newly generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed by combining ITS and LSU datasets. Four species were identified as forming four independent lineages with robust support in phylogenies based on both datasets.

Improved liver fat and quantification at 0.55 T using locally low-rank denoising.

Purpose: To improve liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and quantification at 0.55 T by systematically validating the acquisition parameter choices and investigating the performance of locally low-rank denoising methods.

Methods: A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to design a protocol for PDFF and mapping at 0.

Excellent Low-Frequency Microwave Absorption and High Thermal Conductivity in Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Endowed by Hydrangea-Like CoNi@BN Heterostructure Fillers.

The advancement of thin, lightweight, and high-power electronic devices has increasingly exacerbated issues related to electromagnetic interference and heat accumulation. To address these challenges, a spray-drying-sintering process is employed to assemble chain-like CoNi and flake boron nitride (BN) into hydrangea-like CoNi@BN heterostructure fillers. These fillers are then composited with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to develop CoNi@BN/PDMS composites, which integrate low-frequency microwave absorption and thermal conductivity.