Anatomical Evaluation of Spinal Nerve and Cervical Intervertebral Foramina in Anterior Controllable Antedisplacement and Fusion Surgery: A Cadaveric and Radiologic Study.

Objective: To achieve the anatomical evaluation of spinal nerve and cervical intervertebral foramina in anterior controllable antedisplacement and fusion (ACAF) surgery, a novel surgical technique with the wider decompression, through a cadaveric and radiologic study.

Methods: Radiographic data of consecutive 47 patients (21 by ACAF and 26 by anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion [ACCF]) who have accepted surgery for treatment of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) and stenosis from March 2017 to March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed and compared between an ACAF group and ACCF group. Three postoperative radiographic parameters were evaluated: the decompression width and the satisfaction rate of decompression at the entrance zone of intervertebral foramina on computed tomography (CT), and the transverse diameter of spinal cord in the decompression levels on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Effect of a Traction Exercise Neck Brace on Cervical Spondylopathy Radiculopathy: A Clinical Study and Finite Element Analysis.

Traction of cervical spine is an effective method for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR). In this study, a cervical tractor named traction exercise neck brace (TENB) was used to evaluate its effect on the patients with CSR. Forty CSR volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into two groups.

Anatomy of the retrohepatic tunnel in a Chinese population and its clinical application in liver surgery.

Liver hanging maneuver (LHM) is an important technique in liver surgery. However, applied anatomy of the retrohepatic tunnel for the surgical approach in Chinese population needs further study. In this study, to explore the basic anatomy of retrohepatic tunnel and its clinical application in a Chinese population, a total of 32 formalin-fixed cadavers were dissected, related parameters were measured, and their clinical applications were discussed.

A Comparison between Three-Dimensional Visualization Guided Hepatectomy and Ultrasonography Guided Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma within the Milan Criteria.

Background. Treatment selection for small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) is controversial. We aimed to compare the outcomes of medical imaging three-dimensional visualization system (MI-3DVS) guided surgical resection (SR) and ultrasonography guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for sHCC.

Correlation of lymphovascular invasion with clinicopathological factors in invasive breast cancer: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) has been associated with a poor outcome in patients with breast cancer, but it is not included in international TNM staging system and molecular subtype criterion. The current studies have reported the relation between LVI and the tumor size (T), the status of axillary lymph node (ALN), age, histological grade in invasive breast cancer, but the results were debatable. So the meta-analysis was conducted to confirm the relation between LVI and the four clinicopathological factors.

A comparative study of the diagnostic accuracy of the medical image three-dimensional visualization system, MRCP, CT and US in hepatolithiasis.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to compare the results of the Three-Dimensional Visualization System (MI-3DVS or 3D) in the diagnostic accuracy of hepatolithiasis.

Methodology: From February 2007 to March 2013, forty-eight patients with hepatolithiasis were admitted to our department. Meanwhile, choosing forty-one patients without hepatolithiasis as controlgroup.

Computer-aided rigid choledochoscopy lithotripsy for hepatolithiasis.

Background: Hepatolithiasis is challenging for surgeons to treat especially in patients with previous hepatobiliary surgery. The aim of the study was to report our experience of rigid choledochoscopy lithotripsy in targeted treatment of hepatolithiasis under the guidance of a medical image three-dimensional visualization system, which we developed and patented (software copyright no: 2008SR18 798) by comparing it with hepatectomy without a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technique.

Methods: Between December 2007 and March 2013, 64 patients underwent rigid choledochoscopy lithotripsy based on 3D visualization technology conducted by a medical image three-dimensional visualization system for hepatolithiasis (group A).

Management complicated hepatolithiasis with operative rigid choledochoscope guided by computed tomography (CT)-based 3D reconstruction technique.

Background: Treatment of complicated hepatolithiasis is complex and difficult. In this report, we present a novel approach to manage complicated hepatolithiasis using the rigid choledochoscope guided by CT-based 3D reconstruction technique with or without hepatectomy.

Methods: Between February 2012 to December 2013, 25 patients with complicated hepatolithiasis underwent rigid choledochoscope guided by CT-based 3D reconstruction technique combined with or without hepatectomy.

[Three-dimensional finite element analysis on mechanical behavior of the bone remodeling and bone integration between the bone-implant interface after hip replacement].

Objective: To discuss the primary stability of the fixed interface between the cementless prosthesis and femur, and its influence on bone ingrowth and secondary stability under the roughened surface and press fit of different prostheses by finite element analysis.

Methods: :A three-dimensional finite element module of total hip arthroplasty (THA) was developed with Mimics software. There was a collection of data when simulating hip arthroplasty.

3D Reconstruction Aids Surgery For Complicated Hepatolithiasis.

Background/aims: Three-dimensional (3D) imaging may improve surgical interventions for complicated hepatolithiasis.

Methodology: Between July 2008 and December 2012 a total of 131 patients with complicated hepatolithiasis underwent surgical therapy in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. 77 patients received preoperative planning using a computed tomography (CT)-based 3D reconstruction technique, and 54 received treatment based on preoperative planning with traditional imaging (CT, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiography).

New insights into autonomic nerve preservation in high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

Aim: To take a deeper insight into the relationship between the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and the autonomic nerve plexuses around it by cadaveric anatomy and explore anatomical evidence of autonomic nerve preservation in high ligation of the IMA in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: Anatomical dissection was performed on 11 formalin-fixed cadavers and 12 fresh cadavers. Anatomical evidence-based autonomic nerve preservation in high ligation of the IMA was performed in 22 laparoscopic curative resections of colorectal cancer.

Distractional failure forces comparison of different anchor sites for the pediatric growing rod technique.

Purpose: To analyze the distraction load-to-failure force supported by pedicle, lamina or rib linked to different constructs in pediatric cadaveric thoracic spine.

Methods: Eighteen pediatric cadaveric thoracic spines with rib cages were randomly assigned into three testing groups: A (lamina and pedicle), B (rib and pedicle), and C (rib and lamina). Each specimen was sectioned into six units from T1-T2 to T11-T12.

Digital three-dimensional model of lumbar region 4-5 and its adjacent structures based on a virtual Chinese human.

Objective: To study the methods for constructing a digitized three-dimensional (3D) model of a virtual lumbar region and its adjacent structures in order to assist anatomical study and virtual surgery.

Methods: Images of DSCF5375-p1 to DSCF5745-p1 were taken from the database of the digitized Virtual Chinese human of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou. This region encompasses the superior facet joint of L4 to the inferior edge of the intervertebral body of L5.

Prospective and comparative analysis of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures with or without vascularized iliac graft in young adults.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 surgical approaches for femoral neck fractures in young adults: internal fixation with or without a vascularized iliac graft. Between January 1998 and December 2008, seventy-eight patients presented with a Garden type III (n=38) or IV (n=40) femoral neck fracture. Thirty-eight patients were women and 40 were men, with an average age of 28 years (range, 16-38 years).

Novel method for culturing Schwann cells from adult mouse sciatic nerve in vitro.

Schwann cells (SCs) are important in the recovery of peripheral nerve injury and are valuable cells for the tissue engineering of artificial neurons. Clinical applications that require pure SCs in large quantities are limited since human and mouse SCs do not attach well to the wall of the culture dish and have low proliferative potential. To obtain high quantities of highly pure SCs, we developed a new method for culturing SCs from the mouse sciatic nerve in vitro.

[Anatomical observation on surgical spaces related to laparoscopic right hemicolectomy].

Objective: To explore regional anatomy of fasciae and spaces related to laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRC).

Methods: Seven cadavers and 49 patients undergoing LRC for cancer were observed. Computed tomography (CT) images of patients and healthy individuals were reviewed.

Anatomical variations of hepatic veins: three-dimensional computed tomography scans of 200 subjects.

Background: The impact of hepatic venous anatomic variations on hepatic resection and transplantation is the least understood aspect of liver surgery.

Methods: A prospective three-dimensional computed tomography study was undertaken on 200 consecutive subjects with normal livers to determine the prevalence of surgically significant hepatic venous anatomic variations.

Results: The prevailing pattern of the three hepatic veins in these subjects was a right hepatic vein (RHV) and a common trunk for the middle (MHV) and left (LHV) hepatic veins (122/200, 61%).

[Application of the medical image three-dimensional visualization system of abdomen in diagnosis and evaluating resectability of pancreatic tumors].

Objective: To study the value and the clinical application of the Medical Image three-dimensional Visualization System of Abdomen (MI-3DVS) in diagnosis and evaluating resectability of pancreatic tumor.

Methods: Twelve patients with pancreatic tumor were tested with 64-slice helical CT (64-MSCT) angiography, and the CT data was reconstructed with MI-3DVS from November 2008 to August 2009. The 3D findings were adopted in diagnosis and evaluating resectability, and the results were compared with surgical operation and the pathological finding.

Effects of salvianolic acid B on proliferation, neurite outgrowth and differentiation of neural stem cells derived from the cerebral cortex of embryonic mice.

Salvianolic acid B is isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, the root of which is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke. However, little is known about how salvianolic acid B influences growth characteristics of neural stem cells (NSCs). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of salvianolic acid B on proliferation, neurite outgrowth and differentiation of NSCs derived from the cerebral cortex of embryonic mice using MTT, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR.

Biomechanical evaluation of stability and three-dimensional movements of the atlantoaxial joint after artificial atlanto-odontoid joint arthroplasty.

Objective: To investigate the stability and three-dimensional movements of the atlantoaxial joint after artificial atlanto-odontoid joint (AAOJ) arthroplasty.

Method: Ten sets of AAOJ implanted in bony specimens from 10 adults were used to test the pull-out strength of the atlas-axis components with a MTS858 Mini Bionix machine. Another twelve human cadaveric specimens including C(0)-C(4) were used to evaluate the three-dimensional movements of C(1)-C(2) under five different conditions in sequence, that is, the complete specimen, anterior decompression, posterior transarticular screws fixation, AAOJ arthroplasty and fatigue test.

[Three-dimensional visualization of the structures related to the anterior cervical segment approach].

Objective: To establish a digital model allowing three-dimensional visualization of the structures involved in the anterior cervical segment approach.

Methods: Based on the imaging data obtained from CT angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance myelography (MRM) and continuous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a healthy volunteer (scanning from the center of the head to the inferior border of the T3 level), image segmentation and reconstruction for the skeleton, arteries, veins, and spinal cord was conducted semi-automatically using the Mimics software according to the different thresholds of the tissues. The cervical plexus, brachial plexus and muscles of the neck were reconstructed with the Nerves pipe editor and the Med CAD module to establishing the three-dimensional model for displaying the structures involved in the anterior cervical segment approach.