Marker Imputation Before Genomewide Selection in Biparental Maize Populations.

Marker imputation can be used to increase the number of markers in genomewide selection. Our objectives were to determine (i) if marker imputation increases the response to selection (R) and prediction accuracy (r ) among the progeny of two maize (Zea mays L.) parental inbreds (A and B); (ii) the number of imputed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers needed to reach a plateau in r for grain yield, moisture, and test weight; and (iii) the lowest number of assayed SNP markers that can be used for imputation without a significant decrease in r .

Factors affecting accuracy from genomic selection in populations derived from multiple inbred lines: a Barley case study.

We compared the accuracies of four genomic-selection prediction methods as affected by marker density, level of linkage disequilibrium (LD), quantitative trait locus (QTL) number, sample size, and level of replication in populations generated from multiple inbred lines. Marker data on 42 two-row spring barley inbred lines were used to simulate high and low LD populations from multiple inbred line crosses: the first included many small full-sib families and the second was derived from five generations of random mating. True breeding values (TBV) were simulated on the basis of 20 or 80 additive QTL.

Using quantitative trait loci results to discriminate among crosses on the basis of their progeny mean and variance.

To develop inbred lines, parents are crossed to generate segregating populations from which superior inbred progeny are selected. The value of a particular cross thus depends on the expected performance of its best progeny, which we call the superior progeny value. Superior progeny value is a linear combination of the mean of the cross's progeny and their standard deviation.

Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 1 is a central component of the reactive oxygen gene network of Arabidopsis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as O2- and H2O2, play a key role in plant metabolism, cellular signaling, and defense. In leaf cells, the chloroplast is considered to be a focal point of ROS metabolism. It is a major producer of O2- and H2O2 during photosynthesis, and it contains a large array of ROS-scavenging mechanisms that have been extensively studied.