The occurrence and spatial distribution of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River.

The occurrence and spatial distribution of 22 congener phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River were investigated using water and sediment samples collected from 12 stations along the river in August 2016 to March 2017. PAEs were determined by liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The average concentrations of PAE in the water samples during the dry and wet periods were 3236.

Overexpression of long noncoding RNA LINC01419 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relation to the sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil by mediating GSTP1 methylation.

Background: Genome-wide sequencing investigations have identified numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) among mammals, many of which exhibit aberrant expression in cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Herein, this study elucidates the role and mechanism by which LINC01419 regulates the DNA methylation of glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) in relation to ESCC progression and the sensitivity of ESCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

Methods: LINC01419 and GSTP1 levels were quantified among 38 paired ESCC and adjacent tissue samples collected from patients with ESCC.

The key role of inoculated sludge in fast start-up of sequencing batch reactor for the domestication of aerobic granular sludge.

Two types of inoculated sludges, granular sludge that had been stored at -20°C and activated sludge, were investigated for the domestication of aerobic granular sludges (AGSs) in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The results showed that using the stored granular sludge as inoculation sludge could effectively shorten the domestication time of AGS and yielded mature granular sludge after 22 days of operation. The AGS domesticated by stored granular sludge had better biomass and sedimentation properties; its MLSS and SVI reached 8.

[Physiological integration of growth, carbohydrates, and soluble protein of Zoysia japonica clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity].

This study was carried out to analyze the changes of growth, the contents of carbohydrates and soluble protein of Zoysia japonica clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity, where the connected and disconnected ramets were treated with different nutrient levels. The results indicated that under the nutrient heterogeneity the parent ramets in middle or high nutrient levels improved the aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, and total biomass, with the enhancement of 32.5%, 22.

[Physiological integration of growth and photosynthesis of Zoysia japonica clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity].

This study was carried out to analyze the changes of growth and photosynthesis of clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity, where the connected and disconnected ramets were treated with different nutrient levels. The results showed that under the nutrient heterogeneity the parent ramets in middle or high nutrient levels improved leaf length, leaf width, root mass, leaf mass, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of the connected daughter ramets, with an increase of 16.0%, 8.

The role of Cu(II) in the reduction of N-nitrosodimethylamine with iron and zinc.

The role of Cu(II) in the reduction of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) with zero-valent metals was investigated by determining the effects of Cu(II) on the removal, kinetics, products, and mechanism. NDMA removal was enhanced, and all reactions followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model except for the Fe and Fe/0.1 mM Cu(II) systems.

Removal of pharmaceuticals from synthetic wastewater in an aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor and determination of the bioreactor microbial diversity.

Five types of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) substances were selected as pollutants in this study. The effects of the removal of these pollutants and the microbial succession process in a granular sludge membrane bioreactor (GMBR) were investigated. Results showed that wastewater containing PPCPs influenced the performance of granular sludge.

[Solidification/Stabilization of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR) Using Zero-Valent Iron and Lime-Activated Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag].

The solidification/stabilization (S/S) of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) was performed using zero-valent iron (ZVI) and lime-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The degree of Cr immobilization was evaluated using the leaching procedure, mineral composition analysis and morphology analysis. Semi-dynamic leaching tests were implemented to investigate the potential for reusing the final treatment product as a readily available construction material.

Microbial community structure and pharmaceuticals and personal care products removal in a membrane bioreactor seeded with aerobic granular sludge.

A process involving the use of membrane bioreactor seeded with aerobic granular sludge (GMBR) was applied to the treatment of sewage containing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). The removal effects of five kinds of medicines in the reactor were investigated, and the microbial communities were constructed by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. We also determined the effects of different sludge retention and hydraulic retention times (SRT and HRT, respectively) and influent organic loading on GMBR's efficiency in processing sewage containing PPCPs.

PPCPs removal by aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor.

An aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor (GMBR) was applied to the treatment of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) wastewater. The influence of granular sludge on five antibiotic and antiphlogistic PPCPs wastewater and the removal effect of methyl alcohol and conventional organic matter were investigated while constantly reducing the density of inflow organic matter. The results showed that the sludge granulation process in the system was rapid but unstable, and that the system exhibits a dissolution-reunion dynamic equilibrium.

Ozonation degradation of microcystin-LR in aqueous solution: intermediates, byproducts and pathways.

The intermediates and byproducts formed during the ozonation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR, m/z = 995.5) and the probable degradation pathway were investigated at different initial molar ratios of ozone to MC-LR ([O3]0/[MC-LR]0). Seven reaction intermediates with m/z ≥ 795.

Safety of polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in treating non-small cell lung cancer patients at I b stage.

Objective: To investigate resistance and safety of HHPG-19K in treating non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 30 cases were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups: three HHPG-19K groups of different dosage (60 μg/kg/day, 100 μg/kg/day, 200 μg/kg/day), positive control group (Filgrastim, namely G-CSF5 μg/kg/day) and negative control group. Safety indexes of 5 groups were observed and compared.

Pilot-scale fluoride-containing wastewater treatment by the ballasted flocculation process.

A pilot-scale ballasted flocculation system was used to remove fluoride from one type of industrial wastewater. The system included the formation of calcium fluoride (CaF2) using calcium hydroxide followed by coagulation sedimentation. Calcium fluoride was recycled as nuclei for enhancing CaF2 precipitation and as a ballasting agent for improving fluoride removal and flocculation efficiency.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water, sediment and soil of the Songhua River Basin, China.

The Songhua River is the third largest river in China and the primary source of drinking and irrigation water for northeastern China. The distribution of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water [dissolved water (DW) and suspended particulate matter (SPM)], sediment, and soil in the river basin was investigated, and the associated risk of cancer from these PAHs was also assessed. The total concentration of PAHs ranged from 13.

[Pollution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water of Songhua River basin during the icebound season].

The pollution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water samples of the three major sections of the Songhua River Basin (the Nenjiang River, the Second Songhua River and the mainstream of the Songhua River) were studied. A total of 21 surface water samples were collected in icebound season in 2010 along the bank. The total concentrations of 15 species of PAHs ranged from 23.

[Effects of applying sewage sludge on chemical form distribution and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil].

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying sewage sludge on the chemical form distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) in soil and the transfer and accumulation of the heavy metals in soil-plant (ryegrass) system. With the application of sewage sludge, the contents of bioavailable Cd and Zn in soil increased significantly but that of bioavailable Pb in soil had a significant decrease, and the content of residual form Pb in soil increased by 33.3% -74.

Reduction of N-nitrosodimethylamine with zero-valent zinc.

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is known as the disinfection by-product and the pollutant in the source water. Reduction with zero-valent zinc (Zn(0)) was investigated as a potential technology to treat NDMA. The results showed that Zn(0) was effective for NDMA reduction at initial pH 7.

Effect of two-stage coagulant addition on coagulation-ultrafiltration process for treatment of humic-rich water.

A novel two-stage coagulant addition strategy applied in a coagulation-ultrafiltration (UF) process for treatment of humic-rich water at neutral pH was investigated in this study. When aluminum sulfate (alum) doses were set at a ratio of 3:1 added during rapid mix stage and half way through flocculation stage, the integrated process of two-stage alum addition achieved almost the same organic matter removal as that of conventional one-stage alum addition at the same overall dose. Whereas membrane fouling could be effectively mitigated by the two-stage addition exhibited by trans-membrane pressure (TMP) developments.

Characterization of organic membrane foulants in a submerged membrane bioreactor with pre-ozonation using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy.

This study focuses on organic membrane foulants in a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) process with pre-ozonation compared to an individual MBR using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. While the influent was continuously ozonated at a normal dosage, preferable organic matter removal was achieved in subsequent MBR, and trans-membrane pressure increased at a much lower rate than that of the individual MBR. EEM fluorescence spectroscopy was employed to characterize the dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) samples and membrane foulants.

Consecutive chemical cleaning of fouled PVC membrane using NaOH and ethanol during ultrafiltration of river water.

Chemical cleaning of fouled hollow-fiber polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane with the consecutive use of NaOH and ethanol during ultrafiltration of river water was investigated in the study. Results showed that through the chemical cleaning with 1% NaOH for 30min, a negative cleaning efficiency of -14.6% was observed for the PVC membrane.

Hybrid process of BAC and sMBR for treating polluted raw water.

The hybrid process of biological activated carbon (BAC) and submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) was evaluated for the drinking water treatment from polluted raw water, with the respective hydraulic retention time of 0.5 h. The results confirmed the synergetic effects between the BAC and the subsequent sMBR.

[Kinetics and degradation efficiency of benzotriazole in water by ozonation].

Benzotriazole (BTri) is widely used in industrial processes and households as anti-icer and corrosion inhibitors. However, the removal of BTri hasn't been reported yet. The results of an experimental study are presented which provide values for the reaction rate constants between molecular ozone and BTri, and overall reaction rate constants for the degradation of BTri in the pH range of 7-8.

[Low molecular weight oxidation by-products produced during catalytic ozonation with ferric hydroxide of NOM fractions isolated from filtrated water].

Natural organic matter (NOM) in a filtered river water from a water treatment plant was isolated and fractionated into six types of fractions. The aim of the work is to investigate the formation of the low molecular weight (LMW) oxidation by-products (i.e.

[Control on products of NDMA degradation by UV/O3].

Comparison experiments of two advanced oxidation processes, UV/O3 and UV/H2O2, were carried out to evaluate their degradation effect of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and controlling effect of dimethylamine (DMA) formation. The results showed that UV/H2O2 could enhance NDMA degradation, but could not control on the formation of DMA. UV/O3 was not only effective for NDMA degradation, but also was good at controlling on DMA formation.

[Selection and kinetic mechanism of psychrotrophs in low temperature wastewater treatment].

A study was carried out taking low temperature domestic wastewater as target in laboratory, the composition of bacteria in activated sludge was analyzed and the degradation kinetics of organics was investigated. Six preponderant psychrotrophs were selected out, belonging to Zoogloea, Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, Micrococcus, Bacillus and Pseudomonaus, respectively. Results show that TTC-dehydrogenase activity of the psychrotroph is 25.