YAP Promotes Chemoresistance to 5-FU in Colorectal Cancer Through mTOR/GLUT3 Axis.

Although chemoresistance constitutes a significant barrier to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), its precise mechanisms remain unclear. YAP functions as an oncogene in various malignancies. However, the relationship between YAP and chemoresistance in CRC needs clarification.

Realizing Ultrahigh Conversion Efficiency of ≈9.0% in YbCdSb/MgSb Zintl Module for Thermoelectric Power Generation.

Recently, YbCdSb-based Zintl compounds have been widely investigated owing to their extraordinary thermoelectric (TE) performance. However, its p orbitals of anions that determined the valence band structure are split due to crystal field splitting that provides a good platform for band manipulation by doping/alloying and, more importantly, the YbCdSb-based device has yet to be reported. In this work, single-phase YbCdZnSb is successfully obtained through precise chemical composition control.

Clinicopathological Factors and Nomogram Construction for Lymph Node Metastasis in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Background: The research on lymph node metastasis (LNM) in locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) infiltrating the subserous tissue and serous membrane (T3-4a) is significantly inadequate. This study aims to explore the clinicopathological factors related to LNM in stages T3 and T4a LAGC, while also developing predictive nomograms.

Methods: After systematic searching and rigorous screening, 1995 T3 and 1244 T4a LAGC cases who underwent surgery without neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy were selected.

The safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The extensive utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) has achieved significant advancements in the treatment of diverse solid tumors. The present meta-analysis aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) plus PD-1 inhibitor for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify the clinical trials of NCT + PD-1 inhibitor vs.

Lipids, Apolipoproteins, Lipid-Lowering Drugs, and the Risk of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Serum lipids are causally involved in the occurrence of atherosclerosis, but their roles in cerebral small vessel disease remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal roles of lipid or apolipoprotein traits in cerebral small vessel disease and to determine the effects of lipid-lowering interventions on this disease.

Methods And Results: Data on genetic instruments of lipids/apolipoproteins, as well as characteristic cerebral small vessel disease manifestations, including small vessel stroke (SVS) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), were obtained from publicly genome-wide association studies.

Highly capacitive MXene film by incorporating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) hollow spheres prepared through an interfacial oxidation polymerization.

Sheets stacking of TiCT MXene dramatically reduces the ion-accessible sites and brings a sluggish reaction kinetics. While introducing transitional metal oxides or polymers in the MXene films could partially alleviate such issue, their enhanced performances are realized at the expense of electrode conductivity or cycling stability. Herein, we report an alternative spacer of conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) hollow spheres (HSs) which are fabricated by a facile template-assisted interfacial polymerization.

Endogenous FGFs drive ERK-dependent cell fate patterning in 2D human gastruloids.

The role of FGF is the least understood of the morphogens driving mammalian gastrulation. Here we investigated the function of FGF in a stem cell model for human gastrulation known as a 2D gastruloid. We found a ring of FGF-dependent ERK activity that closely follows the emergence of primitive streak (PS)-like cells but expands further inward.

Childhood Adversities and the ATTACH Program's Influence on Immune Cell Gene Expression.

Objective: To determine whether maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are (a) associated with increased inflammatory gene expression in mother-child dyads and (b) whether a parenting intervention (ATTACH™) moderates the association between maternal ACEs and mother and/or child inflammatory gene expression.

Methods: Twenty mother-child dyads, recruited from a domestic violence shelter in Calgary, AB, Canada, were randomized into an ATTACH™ parenting intervention group ( = 9) or a wait-list control group ( = 11). Maternal ACEs were assessed.

Clinicopathologic factors correlated with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study involving 5606 patients.

Background: The identification of risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer will establish a crucial foundation for the implementation of endoscopic operation and multidisciplinary treatment programs.

Methods: A total of 5606 patients with gastric cancer with comprehensive clinicopathologic data were enrolled through systematic searching and rigorous screening. Of the 5606 patients, 1438 were diagnosed with early gastric cancer (EGC), which would be used for further analysis.

Effects of age on lacrimal gland bioactive lipids.

Purpose: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are a source of bioactive lipids regulating inflammation and its resolution.

Methods: Changes in PUFA metabolism were compared between lacrimal glands (LGs) from young and aged C57BL/6 J mice using a targeted lipidomics assay, as was the gene expression of enzymes involved in the metabolism of these lipids.

Results: Global reduction in PUFAs and their metabolites was observed in aged LGs compared to young controls, averaging between 25 and 66 % across all analytes.

Iron retardation in lysosomes protects senescent cells from ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, an iron-triggered modality of cellular death, has been reported to closely relate to human aging progression and aging-related diseases. However, the involvement of ferroptosis in the development and maintenance of senescent cells still remains elusive. Here, we established a doxorubicin-induced senescent HSkM cell model and found that both iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation increase in senescent cells.

Extended culture of 2D gastruloids to model human mesoderm development.

Micropatterned human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) treated with BMP4 (2D gastruloids) are among the most widely used stem cell models for human gastrulation. Due to its simplicity and reproducibility, this system is ideal for high throughput quantitative studies of tissue patterning and has led to many insights into the mechanisms of mammalian gastrulation. However, 2D gastruloids have only been studied up to 48h.

Correlations of Plasma Biomarkers and Imaging Characteristics of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which is a group of pathological processes affecting cerebral microvessels, leads to functional loss in the elderly population and mostly presents as cognitive impairment and gait decline. CSVD is diagnosed based on brain imaging biomarkers, but blood biomarkers are of great significance for the early diagnosis and progression prediction of CSVD and have become a research focus because of their noninvasiveness and easy accessibility. Notably, many blood biomarkers have been reported to be associated with CSVD in a relatively large population, particularly serum neurofilament light chain (NfL), which has been regarded as a promising biomarker to track the variation trend in WMH and to predict the further status of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunar infarcts.

Irreversible Transmural Intestinal Necrosis in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Retrospective Cohort Study from a High-Volume Hospital.

Owing to the low incidence rate and nonspecific symptoms of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI), the identification and prediction of irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis (ITIN) and extensive bowel resection (≥100 cm) (EBR) are difficult and critical. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for ITIN and EBR in patients with AMI. The clinical data of 254 AMI patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Thrombolysis increases the risk of persistent headache attributed to ischemic stroke: A prospective observational study.

Background And Objective: Persistent headache attributed to ischemic stroke (PHPIS) is increasingly acknowledged and was added to the 2018 ICHD-3. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a common treatment for acute ischemic stroke. It remains unknown whether this treatment influences the occurrence of a persistent poststroke headache.

Surgical outcomes after reoperation for patients with recurrent presacral tumors: a retrospective study.

Background: Relevant reports on the surgical resection and prognosis of recurrent presacral tumors are limited. The objective of this study was to explore the outcomes associated with surgical resection of recurrent presacral tumors.

Methods: The data of patients with recurrent presacral tumors who received surgical resection in our hospital between June 2009 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

A low-cost, wireless, 4-channel EEG measurement system used in virtual reality environments.

The combination of Virtual Reality (VR) technology and Electroencephalography (EEG) measurements has shown tremendous potential in the fields of psychology and neuroscience research. However, the majority of EEG measurement devices currently available are expensive, bulky, uncomfortable to wear, and difficult to integrate with VR headsets. These limitations have hindered the development of related research fields.

Identification of predictors for short-term recurrence: comprehensive analysis of 296 retroperitoneal liposarcoma cases.

Background: The short-term (≤ 1 year) recurrence (STR) is the primary determinant impacting both the life quality and survival duration in patients who have undergone surgical resection for retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS), a condition with intricate and ambiguous pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with STR in cases of RPLS and primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma (PRPLS).

Methods: For this retrospective observational study, a total of 296 RPLS cases were selected as research subjects, who experienced tumor recurrence during the follow-up period.

Transforming growth factor-β1 protects against white matter injury and reactive astrogliosis via the p38 MAPK pathway in rodent demyelinating model.

In central nervous system (CNS), demyelination is a pathological process featured with a loss of myelin sheaths around axons, which is responsible for the diseases of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, and so on. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine participating in abundant physiological and pathological processes in CNS. However, the effects of TGF-β1 on CNS demyelinating disease and its underlying mechanisms are controversial and not well understood.

Total versus proximal gastrectomy for proximal gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to analyze and compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of proximal gastrectomy (PG) and total gastrectomy (TG) in patients with locally advanced proximal gastric cancer (GC) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Method: A multicenter retrospective cohort study and propensity score matching (PSM) were employed. The authors examined 367 patients with proximal GC who received NACT followed by PG ( n =164) or TG ( n =203) at two Chinese medical institutions between December 2009 and December 2022.