Sympathetic innervation induces exosomal miR-125 transfer from osteoarthritic chondrocytes, disrupting subchondral bone homeostasis and aggravating cartilage damage in aging mice.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease that poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in aging individuals: Although sympathetic activation has been implicated in bone metabolism, its role in the development of OA related to aging remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how sympathetic regulation impacts aging-related OA through experiments conducted both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: To analyze the effect of sympathetic regulation on aging-related OA, we conducted experiments using various mouse models.

Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss through the gut microbiota.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common bone metabolic disease, and gut microbiota (GM) imbalance plays an important role in the development of metabolic bone disease. Here, we show that ovariectomized mice had high levels of lipopolysaccharide in serum and gut microbiota dysbiosis through increases in luminal Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. We depleted the GM through antibiotic treatment and observed improvements in bone mass, bone microstructure, and bone strength in ovariectomized mice.

Identification of kukoamine a as an anti-osteoporosis drug target using network pharmacology and experiment verification.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a major and growing public health problem characterized by decreased bone mineral density and destroyed bone microarchitecture. Previous studies found that Lycium Chinense Mill (LC) has a potent role in inhibiting bone loss. Kukoamine A (KuA), a bioactive compound extract from LC was responsible for the anti-osteoporosis effect.

The gut microbiota metabolite capsiate regulate SLC2A1 expression by targeting HIF-1α to inhibit knee osteoarthritis-induced ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death that has been found to aggravate the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and gut microbiota- OA axis refers to the bidirectional information network between the gut microbiota and OA, which may provide a new way to protect the OA. However, the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ferroptosis-relative osteoarthritis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the protective effect of gut microbiota and its metabolite capsiate (CAT) on ferroptosis-relative osteoarthritis in vivo and in vitro experiments.

The role of TGR5 as an onco-immunological biomarker in tumor staging and prognosis by encompassing the tumor microenvironment.

The relationship between G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5, GPBAR1) and, specifically, cancer has been studied in and experiments, but there is still a lack of pan-cancer analysis to understand the prognostic significance and functioning mechanism of TGR5 in different cancer-driving oncogenic processes. Here, we used Gene Expression Integration, Human Protein Atlas, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to perform a pan-cancer analysis of the role of TGR5 in all 33 tumors. In all TCGA tumors, the TGR5 gene expression has been assessed, and we found that the high TGR5 gene expression in most cancers is associated with poor prognosis of overall survival for cancers such as glioblastoma multiforme (p = 0.

Bone mass loss in chronic heart failure is associated with sympathetic nerve activation.

Purpose: Chronic heart failure causes osteoporosis, but the mechanism remains unclear. The sympathetic nerve plays an important role in both bone metabolism and cardiovascular function.

Methods: Thirty-six adult male SD rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: sham surgery (Sham) group, guanethidine (GD) group, abdominal transverse aorta coarctation-induced heart failure + normal saline (TAC) group, and TAC + guanethidine (TAC + GD) group.

[Value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide combined with impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of asthma in preschool children].

Objectives: To evaluate the value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) combined with impulse oscillometry (IOS) in the diagnosis of asthma in preschool children, and to establish the optimal predictive model.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 156 children with wheezing, aged 3-5 years, who were admitted from September 2019 to December 2020. These children were divided into an asthma group with 52 children and a non-asthma group with 104 children.

Single-intraosseous simvastatin injection suppresses cancers via activating CD8 T cells.

Immunotherapies provide effective strategies for cancer treatment. Cholesterol induces CD8 T cell exhaustion, which inhibits antitumor immunity. CD8 T cells are derived from bone marrow and transport and function in bone marrow, where provides more porous cavities for drugs to access the circulation than other solid organs.

Evaluating the Lower Urinary Tract Syndrome with a Telemedicine Application: An Exploration of the Electronic Audiovisual Prostate Symptom Score.

Background: The Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) is used for the assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). It is usually administered by general practitioners (GPs), but in these cases, outcomes do not seem to be reflecting the real conditions of a patient well, with consequent risks of misestimations and misinterpretations. We developed an electronic audiovisual version of VPSS (EPSS), a new symptom scale based on a telemedicine mobile light-based app.

Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine Mediates the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Backgrounds: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been found to play an important role in many diseases, but its role and mechanism in DR remain unknown.

Methods: We studied the role of SPARC and integrin β1 in vascular pathophysiology and identified potential therapeutic translation.

The Role of Depletion of Gut Microbiota in Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review.

Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are common diseases in an aging society, are considered metabolic diseases, and affect the quality of life of older adults. In addition, the gut microbiome is considered an additional organ to regulate bone metabolism. In the past decade, people have been studying the relationship between gut microbiota and bone metabolism.

Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes as Biomarkers for Sarcoma.

Sarcomas are seen as mixed-up nature with genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity and poor prognosis. Although the genes involved in ferroptosis are still unclear, iron loss is considered to be the core of glioblastoma, tumor progression, and tumor microenvironment. Here, we developed and tested the prognosis of SARC, which is a genetic marker associated with iron residues.

The effect of whole-body vibration in osteopenic patients after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important treatment for knee osteoarthritis, but the result of whole-body vibration (WBV) in knee function rehabilitation and bone loss with osteopenia was unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study whether low-frequency, low-amplitude WBV can improve the clinical outcome of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: This study was randomized and included 67 osteopenic patients (55-90 years, 85% women) for TKA surgery (control group N = 32, WBV group N = 35).

The effects of metformin and alendronate in attenuating bone loss and improving glucose metabolism in diabetes mellitus mice.

Background: To explore the anti-osteoporosis and anti-diabetes effects and potential underlying mechanisms of treatment with metformin and alendronate in diabetes mellitus mice.

Methods: Eight-week-old C57 BL/KS db/db and db/+ female mice were evaluated according to the following treatment group for 12 weeks: control group, diabetes mellitus group, diabetes mellitus with metformin group, diabetes mellitus with Alendronate group, diabetes mellitus with metformin plus alendronate group. Glucose level, glucose tolerance test, bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, bone histomorphometry, serum biomarkers, and qPCR analysis.

Modified minimally invasive technique for decompression and reduction of thoracolumbar burst fracture with neurological symptoms: Technical Note.

Purpose: There are few reports about minimally invasive decompression and fixation for patients with thoracolumbar fracture and neurological symptoms. The previously reported method requires complete laminectomy, and removal of the medial part of the pedicle to expose the spinal canal for reduction. Thus, some approach-related damage to the bony structure and soft tissue still occurs.

Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Junctions, and Tumor Microenvironment in Brain Metastases, the Biological Prospects and Dilemma in Therapies.

Brain metastasis is the most commonly seen brain malignancy, frequently originating from lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. Brain tumor has its unique cell types, anatomical structures, metabolic constraints, and immune environment, which namely the tumor microenvironment (TME). It has been discovered that the tumor microenvironment can regulate the progression, metastasis of primary tumors, and response to the treatment through the particular cellular and non-cellular components.

Reversal of alopecia areata, osteoporosis follow treatment with activation of Tgr5 in mice.

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss disease with infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells into hair follicles. The role of Tgr5 in dermatitis has attracted considerable attention. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Tgr5 in the development of Alopecia areata.

Long-term pretreatment with alendronate inhibits calvarial defect healing in an osteoporotic rat model.

Introduction: This study aimed to observe the effects of long-term alendronate pretreatment on the healing of osteoporotic calvarial defects, and further investigate the effect of alendronate combined with once-weekly parathyroid hormone following 12 weeks of alendronate treatment in ovariectomized rats.

Materials And Methods: Thirty 3-month-old female rats were ovariectomized, and 24 rats received alendronate for 12 weeks. Then, a critical defect was created in the calvaria of all animals.

Computational numerical analysis of different cannulation methods during cardiopulmonary bypass of type A aortic dissection model based on computational fluid dynamics.

Background: The aim of the present study was to use a numerical simulation based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the difference of different cannulation methods on hemodynamics characteristic in a type A aortic dissection (TAAD) model.

Methods: A finite-element analysis based on the CFD model of a TAAD patient was used, and axillary artery cannulation (AAC), innominate artery cannulation (IAC), and femoral artery cannulation (FAC) were analyzed under different situations, including a cardiac output (CO) of 2.5 L/min and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) of 2.

Once-weekly parathyroid hormone combined with ongoing long-term alendronate treatment promotes osteoporotic fracture healing in ovariectomized rats.

This study examined the effect of once-weekly parathyroid hormone (PTH) combined with alendronate upon osteoporotic fracture healing after long-term alendronate anti-osteoporosis therapy. Seventy-six 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were either sham operated or bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Following confirmation of osteoporosis 3 months after OVX, the remaining 64 animals received alendronate therapy.

Gut microbiome dysbiosis alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis in mice.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been studied under the pathological conditions of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effect of antibiotic-induced gut flora dysbiosis on OA remains incompletely understood at present. Herein, we used a mouse (8 weeks) OA model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and gut microbiome dysbiosis induced by antibiotic treatment with ampicillin and neomycin for 8 weeks.

Effect of Single Versus Multiple Fractures on Systemic Bone Loss in Mice.

Systemic bone loss after initial fracture contributes to an increased risk of secondary fracture. Clinical research has revealed an association between the risk of future fracture and the number or magnitude of prior fractures. However, the change in systemic bone mass after single versus multiple fractures is unknown.

Single-dose local intraosseous injection of simvastatin suppresses breast cancer with tumor vascular normalization.

Tumor vessels play important roles in cancer development and angiogenesis has been characterized as an essential process for tumor cell tumor growth. Our previous studies found that a single-dose local intraosseous simvastatin injection rapidly and long-termly mobilized bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells to peripheral blood, promoting angiogenesis and ameliorating ischemia injury. However, whether intraosseous injection of simvastatin participates in cancer progression and the role of angiogenesis enhancement in this process remain unknown.

The Effect of Different Types of Mechanical Circulatory Support on Mortality of Patients after Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Sample size may limit the ability of individual studies to detect differences in clinical outcomes between extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) alone and ECMO plus intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) after adult cardiac surgery. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis of the best evidence available on the comparison of clinical outcomes of ECMO alone and ECMO plus IABP after adult cardiac surgery.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Center Registry of Controlled Trials were searched for studies comparing the use of ECMO alone and ECMO plus IABP after adult cardiac surgery.