Impact of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative pain in patients undergoing perianal surgery: a randomized trial.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on postoperative pain in patients following perianal surgery.

Methods: 96 patients were randomly assigned to either the taVNS group or the sham stimulation group. Patients received stimulation once 30 min before the operation and once more 24 h after the operation, with each session lasting 30 min.

Intravenous lidocaine decreased the incidence of SRAEs for ERCP procedures in elderly frailty patients, a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Elderly frailty patients are at particular risk of sedation-related adverse events (SRAEs) during sedation. This study aimed to assess whether intravenous lidocaine could reduce the incidence of SRAEs in elderly frailty patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Methods: A total of 210 elderly frailty patients scheduled for ERCP were randomly divided into two groups: lidocaine and control.

Clinical Application of Bilateral Nasopharyngeal Airway in Painless Colonoscopy for Obese Patients.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using bilateral nasopharyngeal airways (NPA) during colonoscopic polypectomy performed under sedation anesthesia in obese patients.

Methods: Ninety obese patients undergoing colonoscopic polypectomy under elective sedation anesthesia at Shanghai Shuguang Hospital were randomly allocated to two groups. Patients in group B had a nasopharyngeal airway inserted bilaterally after induction of anesthesia, whereas patients in group U had a nasopharyngeal airway inserted in only one nostril.

Electroacupuncture treatment improves postoperative ileus by inhibiting the Th1 cell-mediated inflammatory response through the vagus nerve.

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported to improve intestinal motility in mice with postoperative ileus (POI). Previous studies, however, have yielded heterogeneous results regarding the effect of EA on POI.

Methods: Herein, a POI mouse model was constructed by intestinal manipulation.

Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Impact of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy on Patients Undergoing Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Rectal Cancer Surgery, with a Post-Extubation Atelectasis as a Complication.

Background: Utilizing high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy may prevent the collapse of alveoli and improve overall alveolar ventilation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of HFNC on postoperative atelectasis in individuals undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: Patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer were randomly assigned to the control or HFNC groups.

Ocular biomarkers of cognitive decline based on deep-learning retinal vessel segmentation.

Background: The current literature shows a strong relationship between retinal neuronal and vascular alterations in dementia. The purpose of the study was to use NFN+ deep learning models to analyze retinal vessel characteristics for cognitive impairment (CI) recognition.

Methods: We included 908 participants from a community-based cohort followed for over 15 years (the prospective KaiLuan Study) who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fundus photography between 2021 and 2022.

Efficacy and safety of electrical acupoint stimulation for postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are typical postsurgical complications. Drug therapy is only partially effective. The goal of our meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of electrical acupoint stimulation for postoperative nausea and vomiting and to score the quality of evidence supporting this concept.

Pain Trajectory after Short-Stay Anorectal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

The evolution of pain after anorectal surgery has not been well characterized. The main objective of this study is to evaluate patterns in acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing short-stay anorectal surgery. A total of 217 patients were included in the study, which used group-based trajectory modeling to estimate postoperative pain and then examined the relationships between sociodemographic or surgical factors and pain trajectories.

Safety and biodistribution of exosomes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

As a new cell-free therapy, exosomes have provided new ideas for the treatment of various diseases. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) cannot be used in clinical trials because of tumorigenicity, but the exosomes derived from hiPSCs may combine the advantages of iPSC pluripotency and the nanoscale size of exosomes while avoiding tumorigenicity. Currently, the safety and biodistribution of hiPSC-exosomes are unclear.

[Simulation of gas chromatographic separation based on random diffusion].

Understanding the diffusion behavior of particles during chromatographic analysis is critical for optimizing the operation conditions, improving the chromatographic performance, and designing a new separation device. Most of the existing simulations focus on chromatographic thermodynamics, while very few consider the overall diffusion and separation process. Herein, a new simulation method for gas chromatography separation was developed based on the random diffusion theory in microscale restricted space.

Electroacupuncture treatment ameliorated the long-term cognitive impairment via activating eNOS/NO pathway and related Aβ downregulation in sepsis-survivor mice.

Objective: Sepsis is a major challenge in intensive care unit worldwide and the septic survivors are left with long-term cognitive deficits. This work aims to explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on long-term cognitive function and its underlying mechanism in sepsis-survivor mice.

Methods: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in C57BL/6 male mice.

Diastereoselective Synthesis of Adjacent P,C-Stereogenic β-N-Glycosidic Linked α-Aminophosphinates.

The diastereoselective formation of adjacent P,C-stereogenic β-N-glycosidic linked α-aminophosphinates is developed in high yields via a phospha-Mannich reaction. The reaction was performed by employing (R)-O-(-)-menthyl H-phenylphosphinate and O-pivaloylated N-galactosylimine for double stereodifferentiation and BF·EtO as a promoter in THF. O-Pivaloylated N-galactosylphenyl imine 2 and (R)-O-(-)-menthyl H-phenylphosphinate 1 were converted to N-galactosyl α-aminoalkylphosphinate 3 with ratios of diastereomers up to 20:1.

Antinociceptive effects of dehydrocorydaline in mouse models of inflammatory pain involve the opioid receptor and inflammatory cytokines.

Dehydrocorydaline (DHC) is an alkaloidal component isolated from Rhizoma corydalis. Previous studies have shown that DHC has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects and that it can protect the cardiovascular system. However, there are few studies of the antinociceptive effects of DHC in vivo.

Pediatric Patients with Vitiligo in Eastern China: Abnormalities in 145 Cases Based on Thyroid Function Tests and Immunological Findings.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate abnormalities in thyroid function according to tests and the humoral immune systems of patients from Eastern China with pediatric vitiligo.

Material And Methods: A total of 145 pediatric patients with vitiligo were investigated in this study, along with 59 children without autoimmune diseases as controls. Laboratory tests of thyroid function were conducted, and these tests examined free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG), and complements (C3 and C4).

[Influencing factors of local immunocyte infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues pre- and post-percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy].

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of the local immunity in tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before and after percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT).

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with HCC diagnosed by needle biopsy of liver underwent PMCT. Before the treatment and three and 17 days after the treatment specimens of carcinoma tissues were obtained by ultrasound-guided liver biopsy.