Precisely designing asymmetrical selenium-based dual-atom sites for efficient oxygen reduction.

Owing to their synergistic interactions, dual-atom catalysts (DACs) with well-defined active sites are attracting increasing attention. However, more experimental research and theoretical investigations are needed to further construct explicit dual-atom sites and understand the synergy that facilitates multistep catalytic reactions. Herein, we precisely design a series of asymmetric selenium-based dual-atom catalysts that comprise heteronuclear SeN-MN (M = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, etc.

Domainator, a flexible software suite for domain-based annotation and neighborhood analysis, identifies proteins involved in antiviral systems.

The availability of large databases of biological sequences presents an opportunity for in-depth exploration of gene diversity and function. Bacterial defense systems are a rich source of diverse but difficult to annotate genes with biotechnological applications. In this work, we present Domainator, a flexible and modular software suite for domain-based gene neighborhood and protein search, extraction and clustering.

Engineering GID4 for use as an N-terminal proline binder via directed evolution.

Nucleic acid sequencing technologies have gone through extraordinary advancements in the past several decades, significantly increasing throughput while reducing cost. To create similar advancement in proteomics, numerous approaches are being investigated to advance protein sequencing. One of the promising approaches uses N-terminal amino acid binders (NAABs), also referred to as recognizers, that selectively can identify amino acids at the N-terminus of a peptide.

Atomic Printing Strategy Achieves Precise Anchoring of Dual-Copper Atoms on CN Structure for Efficient CO Reduction to Ethylene.

Isolated metal sites catalysts (IMSCs) play crucial role in electrochemical CO reduction, with potential industrial applications. However, tunable synthesis strategies for IMSCs are limited. Herein, we present an atomic printing strategy that draws inspiration from the ancient Chinese "movable-type printing technology".

Porous alumina nanosheet-supported asymmetric platinum clusters for efficient diboration of alkynes.

Precisely designing asymmetrical structures is an effective strategy to optimize the performance of metallic catalysts. Asymmetric Pt clusters were attached to defect-rich porous alumina nanosheets (Pt clu/dp-AlO) using a pyrolysis technique coupled with wet impregnation. These Pt-functionalized nanosheets feature a high concentration of active sites, demonstrating remarkable cycling performance and catalytic activity in alkyne diboration.

Simultaneously activating molecular oxygen and surface lattice oxygen on Pt/TiO for low-temperature CO oxidation.

Developing high-performance Pt-based catalysts with low Pt loading is crucial but challenging for CO oxidation at temperatures below 100 °C. Herein, we report a Pt-based catalyst with only a 0.15 wt% Pt loading, which consists of Pt-Ti intermetallic single-atom alloy (ISAA) and Pt nanoparticles (NP) co-supported on a defective TiO support, achieving a record high turnover frequency of 11.

p-d Orbital Hybridization Induced by Asymmetrical FeSn Dual Atom Sites Promotes the Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

With more flexible active sites and intermetal interaction, dual-atom catalysts (DACs) have emerged as a new frontier in various electrocatalytic reactions. Constructing a typical p-d orbital hybridization between p-block and d-block metal atoms may bring new avenues for manipulating the electronic properties and thus boosting the electrocatalytic activities. Herein, we report a distinctive heteronuclear dual-metal atom catalyst with asymmetrical FeSn dual atom sites embedded on a two-dimensional CN nanosheet (FeSn-CN), which displays excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance with a half-wave potential of 0.

Sulfur-Bridged Asymmetric CuNi Bimetallic Atom Sites for CO Reduction with High Efficiency.

Double-atom catalysts (DACs) with asymmetric coordination are crucial for enhancing the benefits of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction and advancing sustainable development, however, the rational design of DACs is still challenging. Herein, this work synthesizes atomically dispersed catalysts with novel sulfur-bridged Cu-S-Ni sites (named Cu-S-Ni/SNC), utilizing biomass wool keratin as precursor. The plentiful disulfide bonds in wool keratin overcome the limitations of traditional gas-phase S ligand etching process and enable the one-step formation of S-bridged sites.

Induro-RT mediated circRNA-sequencing (IMCR-seq) enables comprehensive profiling of full-length and long circular RNAs from low input total RNA.

Circular RNA (circRNA) has recently gained attention for its emerging biological activities, relevance to disease, potential as biomarkers, and promising an alternative modality for RNA vaccines. Nevertheless, sequencing circRNAs has presented challenges. In this context, we introduce a novel circRNA sequencing method called Induro-RT mediated circRNA-sequencing (IMCR-seq), which relies on a group II intron reverse transcriptase with robust rolling circle reverse transcription activity.

Sulfur Modified Carbon-Based Single-Atom Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Reactions.

Efficient and sustainable energy development is a powerful tool for addressing the energy and environmental crises. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have received high attention for their extremely high atom utilization efficiency and excellent catalytic activity, and have broad application prospects in energy development and chemical production. M-N is an active center model with clear catalytic activity, but its catalytic properties such as catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability need to be further improved.

Continuous warming drives the colonization dynamics of periphytic ciliate fauna in marine environments.

In order to evaluate the influence of global warming on the ecosystem processes in marine environments, the changes in colonization dynamics of periphytic microbiota were studied using the periphytic ciliate communities as the test organism fauna under a continuous warming gradient of 22℃ (control), 25℃, 28℃, 31℃, and 34 ℃. The results demonstrated that (1) the test ciliate communities generally showed a similar temporal pattern in within the colonization process under the water temperatures from 22 up to 28℃; however, (2) the colonization dynamics were significantly changed, and the fitness of colonization curves to the MacArthur-Wilson model equation was failed under the temperature increased by 6 ℃, and (3) the loading or assimilative capacity of the test aquatic ecosystem was decreased with the increase of water temperature. Therefore, this study suggests that continuous warming may significantly drive the colonization dynamics of periphytic ciliates in marine ecosystems.

Lattice Strain and Mott-Schottky Effect of the Charge-Asymmetry PdFe Single-Atom Alloy Catalyst for Semi-Hydrogenation of Alkynes with High Efficiency.

The ideal interface design between the metal and substrate is crucial in determining the overall performance of the alkyne semihydrogenation reaction. Single-atom alloys (SAAs) with isolated dispersed active centers are ideal media for the study of reaction effects. Herein, a charge-asymmetry "armor" SAA (named PdFe SAA@PC), which consists of a PdFe alloy core and a semiconducting P-doped C (PC) shell, is rationally designed as an ideal catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of alkynes with high efficiency.

Identification and validation of hub genes expressed in ulcerative colitis with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are closely intertwined; however, the precise molecular mechanisms governing their coexistence remain unclear.

Methods: We obtained UC (GSE75214) and MASLD (GSE151158) datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired by the 'edgeR' and 'limma' packages of R.

Sensitive remote homology search by local alignment of small positional embeddings from protein language models.

Accurately detecting distant evolutionary relationships between proteins remains an ongoing challenge in bioinformatics. Search methods based on primary sequence struggle to accurately detect homology between sequences with less than 20% amino acid identity. Profile- and structure-based strategies extend sensitive search capabilities into this twilight zone of sequence similarity but require slow pre-processing steps.

A Hybrid Framework of Dual-Domain Signal Restoration and Multi-depth Feature Reinforcement for Low-Dose Lung CT Denoising.

Low-dose computer tomography (LDCT) has been widely used in medical diagnosis. Various denoising methods have been presented to remove noise in LDCT scans. However, existing methods cannot achieve satisfactory results due to the difficulties in (1) distinguishing the characteristics of structures, textures, and noise confused in the image domain, and (2) representing local details and global semantics in the hierarchical features.

Discovery of cytosine deaminases enables base-resolution methylome mapping using a single enzyme.

Deaminases have important uses in modification detection and genome editing. However, the range of applications is limited by the small number of characterized enzymes. To expand the toolkit of deaminases, we developed an in vitro approach that bypasses a major hurdle with their toxicity in cells.

Low-Dose CT Image Super-resolution Network with Noise Inhibition Based on Feedback Feature Distillation Mechanism.

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been widely used in medical diagnosis. In practice, doctors often zoom in on LDCT slices for clearer lesions and issues, while, a simple zooming operation fails to suppress low-dose artifacts, leading to distorted details. Therefore, numerous LDCT super-resolution (SR) methods have been proposed to promote the quality of zooming without the increase of the dose in CT scanning.

Cascade Dual Sites Modulate Local CO Coverage and Hydrogen-Binding Strength to Boost CO Electroreduction to Ethylene.

Rationally modulating the binding strength of reaction intermediates on surface sites of copper-based catalysts could facilitate C-C coupling to generate multicarbon products in an electrochemical CO reduction reaction. Herein, theoretical calculations reveal that cascade Ag-Cu dual sites could synergistically increase local CO coverage and lower the kinetic barrier for CO protonation, leading to enhanced asymmetric C-C coupling to generate CH. As a proof of concept, the CuN-Ag nanocubes (NCs) with Ag located in partial Cu sites and a CuN unit center are successfully synthesized.

Microplastics drive community dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments.

The pollution of microplastics (MPs) to the marine environment has become a widespread focus of attention. To assess MP-induced ecotoxicity on marine ecosystems, periphytic protozoan communities were used as test organisms and exposed to five concentrations of MPs: 0, 1, 5, 25, and 125 mg l. Protozoan samples were collected using microscope slides from coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China.

Genome-Wide Profiling of tRNA Using an Unexplored Reverse Transcriptase with High Processivity.

Monitoring the dynamic changes of cellular tRNA pools is challenging, due to the extensive post-transcriptional modifications of individual species. The most critical component in tRNAseq is a processive reverse transcriptase (RT) that can read through each modification with high efficiency. Here we show that the recently developed group-II intron RT Induro has the processivity and efficiency necessary to profile tRNA dynamics.