Psychiatric disorders and following risk of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.

Background: Psychiatric disorders have been reported to influence many health outcomes, but evidence about their impact on chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been fully explored, as well as possible mechanisms implicated are still unclear.

Methods: Four hundred forty-one thousand eight hundred ninety-three participants from UK Biobank were included in this study. To assess the association between psychiatric disorders mainly including depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, substance misuse as well as psychotic disorder, and CKD, a Cox regression model using age as the underlying time scale was employed.

Transcription factor ATF3 aggravates kidney fibrosis by maintaining the state of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, with renal fibrosis being a common pathway in CKD development. Histone modification plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation, but their pathological functions and mechanisms in CKD are not well understood.

Methods: We utilized chromatin immunoprecipitation with next-generation DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-seq to evaluate the states and functions of H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) and H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) in kidney of CKD mice.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalization After Common Psychiatric Disorders: Analyses of Disease Susceptibility and Progression Trajectory in the UK Biobank.

Unlabelled: Whether associations between psychiatric disorders and hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be modified by disease susceptibility and the temporal pattern of these associated CVDs remain unknown. In our study, we conducted a matched cohort study of the UK Biobank including 44,430 patients with common psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders) between 1997 and 2019, together with 222,150 sex-, Townsend deprivation index-, and birth year- individually matched unexposed individuals. The hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD hospitalization associated with a prior psychiatric disorder were derived from Cox models, adjusted for multiple confounders.

The Time-Varying Impact of COVID-19 on the Acute Kidney Disorders: A Historical Matched Cohort Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

This study aimed to explore the time-varying impact of COVID-19 on acute kidney disorders, including acute kidney injury and other acute kidney diseases. From the UK Biobank, 10,121 participants with COVID-19 were matched with up to 3 historically unexposed controls by age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, and the status of hospitalization or receiving critical care. We investigated the association between COVID-19 and incidence of acute kidney disorders, within the first 4 weeks after infection, using conditional and time-varying Cox proportional hazard regression.

Development of a microfluidic wearable electrochemical sensor for the non-invasive monitoring of oxidative stress biomarkers in human sweat.

Oxidative stress is widely recognized as a pivotal factor contributing to numerous Central Nervous System (CNS) ailments. The concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and phosphorylated proteins within the human body serve as crucial indicators of oxidative stress. As such, the real-time monitoring of HO and phosphorylated proteins in sweat is vital for the early identification, diagnosis, and management of diseases linked to oxidative stress.

Causal association and mediating effect of blood biochemical metabolic traits and brain image-derived endophenotypes on Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Recent genetic evidence supports that circulating biochemical and metabolic traits (BMTs) play a causal role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which might be mediated by changes in brain structure. Here, we leveraged publicly available genome-wide association study data to investigate the intrinsic causal relationship between blood BMTs, brain image-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and AD.

Methods: Utilizing the genetic variants associated with 760 blood BMTs and 172 brain IDPs as the exposure and the latest AD summary statistics as the outcome, we analyzed the causal relationship between blood BMTs and brain IDPs and AD by using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Genetic characteristics of common variable immunodeficiency patients with autoimmunity.

The pathogenesis of common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) is complex, especially when combined with autoimmunity. Genetic factors may be potential explanations for this complex situation, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) provide the basis for this potential. Genetic information of patients with CVID with autoimmunity, together with their first-degree relatives, was collected through WGS.

DASES: a database of alternative splicing for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal carcinoma ranks as the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) being particularly prevalent among Asian populations. Alternative splicing (AS) plays a pivotal role in ESCC development and progression by generating diverse transcript isoforms. However, the current landscape lacks a specialized database focusing on alternative splicing events (ASEs) derived from a large number of ESCC cases.

A Population-Based Outcome-Wide Association Study of the Comorbidities and Sequelae Following COVID-19 Infection.

Background: Immense attention has been given to the outcome of COVID-19 infection. However, comprehensive studies based on large populational cohort with long-term follow-up are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the risk of various short-term comorbidities (within one month) and long-term sequelae (above one month) after COVID-19 infection.

Prematurely delivering mothers show reductions of lachnospiraceae in their gut microbiomes.

Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite evidence shows that imbalances in the maternal microbiome associates to the risk of preterm birth, the mechanisms underlying the association between a perturbed microbiota and preterm birth remain poorly understood.

Method: Applying shotgun metagenomic analysis on 80 gut microbiotas of 43 mothers, we analyzed the taxonomic composition and metabolic function in gut microbial communities between preterm and term mothers.

Adverse health consequences of undiagnosed hearing loss at middle age: A prospective cohort study with the UK Biobank.

Objectives: Hearing impairment is common in the middle-aged population but remains largely undiagnosed and untreated. The knowledge about to what extent and how hearing impairment matters for health is currently lacking. Thus, we aimed to comprehensively examine the adverse health consequences as well as the comorbidity patterns of undiagnosed hearing loss.

SurgSmart: an artificial intelligent system for quality control in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an observational study.

Background: The rate of bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) continues to be high due to low critical view of safety (CVS) achievement and the absence of an effective quality control system. The development of an intelligent system enables the automatic quality control of LC surgery and, eventually, the mitigation of bile duct injury. This study aims to develop an intelligent surgical quality control system for LC and using the system to evaluate LC videos and investigate factors associated with CVS achievement.

Genetic impact on the association of sleep patterns and chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study of 157,175 UK Biobank participants.

Objectives: The association between sleep pattern and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence, and whether the association is dependent on the genetic backgrounds has not been addressed. We sought to investigate the association of multidimensional sleep pattern with CKD in consideration of genetic polymorphisms.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study of 157,175 participants from the UK Biobank, sleep patterns were derived by multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and k-means clustering of individual sleep traits (sleep duration, insomnia, chronotype, daytime sleepiness, snoring, and night shift status).

Proliferative exhausted CD8 T cells exacerbate long-lasting anti-tumor effects in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The survival prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is largely different, and little is known about the anti-tumor mechanism of tumor-infiltrated exhausted CD8 T cells (Tex) in HNSCC. We performed cell-level multi-omics sequencing on human HNSCC samples to decipher the multi-dimensional characteristics of Tex cells. A proliferative exhausted CD8 T cell cluster (P-Tex) which was beneficial to survival outcomes of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC was identified.

The Causal Association of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Multiple Disease Outcomes: A Phenome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: This study aimed to identify novel associations between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and a broad range of outcomes.

Methods: In total, 346,352 white participants in the U.K.

Exploring the relationship between post-contrast acute kidney injury and different baseline creatinine standards: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: According to previous studies, the incidence of post-contrast acute kidney injury(PC-AKI) in diabetic is far higher than that in the general population. Therefore, we explored the relationship between the incidence of PC-AKI and different baseline serum creatinine (SCr) levels, and determined the relationship between PC-AKI and different types of contrast media (CMs), different doses of CM, and different examination methods in this specific population.

Materials And Methods: Patients with diabetes in whom CM was used between 2010 and 2020 at our institution were included.

Trends in incident diagnoses and drug prescriptions for anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: an 18-month follow-up study based on the UK Biobank.

Serious concerns have been raised about the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on population psychological well-being. However, limited data exist on the long-term effects of the pandemic on incident psychiatric morbidities among individuals with varying exposure to the pandemic. Leveraging prospective data from the community-based UK Biobank cohort, we included 308,400 participants free of diagnosis of anxiety or depression, as well as 213,757 participants free of anxiolytics or antidepressants prescriptions, to explore the trends in incident diagnoses and drug prescriptions for anxiety and depression from 16 March 2020 to 31 August 2021, compared to the pre-pandemic period (i.

Association of sleep behaviour and pattern with the risk of glaucoma: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Objectives: Given the role of intraocular pressure in glaucoma, the patient's sleeping pattern might contribute to the development and progression of glaucoma. We performed a study to understand the association between sleep behaviours and glaucoma.

Design: Our study was a prospective cohort study.

The role of genetic predisposition in cardiovascular risk after cancer diagnosis: a matched cohort study of the UK Biobank.

Background: Evidence is scarce regarding the potential modifying role of disease susceptibility on the association between a prior cancer diagnosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: We conducted a matched cohort study of UK Biobank including 78,860 individuals with a cancer diagnosis between January 1997 and January 2020, and 394,300 birth year and sex individually matched unexposed individuals. We used Cox model to assess the subsequent relative risk of CVD, which was further stratified by individual genetic predisposition.

Genetic predispositions to psychiatric disorders and the risk of COVID-19.

Background: Whether a genetic predisposition to psychiatric disorders is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unknown.

Methods: Our analytic sample consisted of 287,123 white British participants in UK Biobank who were alive on 31 January 2020. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis for each psychiatric disorder (substance misuse, depression, anxiety, psychotic disorder, and stress-related disorders) in a randomly selected half of the study population ("base dataset").

Gender-specific association between obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive impairment among adults.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the gender-specific association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cognitive impairment.

Methods: Participants from UK biobank who have completed at least one of the five baseline cognitive tests (visuospatial memory, prospective memory, fluid intelligence, short numeric memory and reaction time) were included, which were initially divided into two groups based on gender and were further categorized into three subgroups: (1) OSA, (2) self-reported snoring but without OSA, and (3) healthy controls (without OSA or snoring). Multivariable regression analysis was performed to examine the associations among snoring, OSA and performance of each of the five cognitive domains.

Medical conditions associated with coffee consumption: Disease-trajectory and comorbidity network analyses of a prospective cohort study in UK Biobank.

Background: Habitual coffee consumption has been associated with multiple health benefits. A comprehensive analysis of disease trajectory and comorbidity networks in relation to coffee consumption is, however, currently lacking.

Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively examine the health outcomes associated with habitual coffee consumption, through clarifying its disease trajectory and comorbidity networks.

The Association of Hyperuricemia and Gout With the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study in UK Biobank.

Background: The association between hyperuricemia/gout with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been investigated. However, whether the magnitude of associations differs between hyperuricemia and gout, and the causality of these associations, remains inconclusive.

Methods: Based on UK Biobank, we conducted a cohort analysis including 431,967 participants, who were categorized as gout, hyperuricemia, and normal groups at recruitment, and followed up for CVD until December 2019.