Postsynthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Layers.

ConspectusMetal-organic layers (MOLs), as a subclass of two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have gained prominence in materials science by combining the structural versatility of MOFs with the unique physical and chemical properties of 2D materials. MOLs consist of metal oxide clusters connected by organic ligands, forming periodically extended 2D architectures with tunable properties and large surface areas. These characteristics endow MOLs with significant potential for applications in catalysis, sensing, energy storage, and biomedicine.

Correlation between triglyceride-glucose index and early neurological deterioration in patients with acute mild ischemic stroke.

Objective: The Triglyceride-glucose Index (TyG) index is a dependable metric for assessing the degree of insulin resistance, serving as a standalone predictor of ischemic stroke risk, but its precise relationship with early neurological deterioration (END) remains incompletely expounded within the context of acute mild ischemic stroke patients. This research is to examine the correlation of the TyG index with END among patients experiencing acute mild ischemic stroke in China.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted to systematically gather data regarding patients experiencing their maiden episode of acute mild ischemic stroke and hospitalized at the Neurology Department of Nanjing Meishan Hospital, located in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, over the period extending from January 2020 to December 2022.

RNA helicase Brr2a promotes miRNA biogenesis by properly remodelling secondary structure of pri-miRNAs.

RNA secondary structure (RSS) of primary microRNAs (pri-miRNAs) is a key determinant for miRNA production. Here we report that RNA helicase (RH) Brr2a, best known as a spliceosome component, modulates the structural complexity of pri-miRNAs to fine tune miRNA yield. Brr2a interacts with microprocessor component HYL1 and its loss reduces the levels of miRNAs derived from both intron-containing and intron-lacking pri-miRNAs.

Screening and Characterization of Probiotics Isolated from Traditional Fermented Products of Ethnic-Minorities in Northwest China and Evaluation Replacing Antibiotics Breeding Effect in Broiler.

In this study, DM7-6 (DM7-6), DM9-7 (DM9-7), and YF9-4 (YF9-4) were isolated from traditional fermented products. The survival rate of DM7-6, DM9-7, and YF9-4 in simulated intestinal gastric fluid reached 61.29%, 44.

Integrated assessment of groundwater vulnerability in arid areas combining classical vulnerability index and AHP model.

Groundwater is the main source of water for agriculture, industry, and families in arid areas. At present, there is an urgent need to protect groundwater due to human activities. In this study, the Qingshui River Basin was selected as the study area.

Functionality of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi varies across different growth stages of maize under drought conditions.

Physio-biochemical regulations governing crop growth period are pivotal for drought adaptation. Yet, the extent to which functionality of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) varies across different stages of maize growth under drought conditions remains uncertain. Therefore, periodic functionality of two different AM fungi i.

Serum SERCA2a levels in heart failure patients are associated with adverse events after discharge.

Calcium homeostasis imbalance is one of the important pathological mechanisms in heart failure. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), a calcium ATPase on the sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac myocytes, is a myocardial systolic-diastolic Ca2 + homeostasis regulating enzyme that is not only involved in cardiac diastole but also indirectly affects cardiac myocyte contraction. SERCA2a expression was found to be decreased in myocardial tissue in heart failure, however, there are few reports on serum SERCA2a expression in patients with heart failure, and this study was designed to investigate whether serum SERCA2a levels are associated with the occurrence of adverse events after discharge in patients hospitalized with heart failure.

Structured 3' UTRs destabilize mRNAs in plants.

Background: RNA secondary structure (RSS) can influence the regulation of transcription, RNA processing, and protein synthesis, among other processes. 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of mRNA also hold the key for many aspects of gene regulation. However, there are often contradictory results regarding the roles of RSS in 3' UTRs in gene expression in different organisms and/or contexts.

Identification of miRNA858 long-loop precursors in seed plants.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of nonprotein-coding short transcripts that provide a layer of post-transcriptional regulation essential to many plant biological processes. MiR858, which targets the transcripts of MYB transcription factors, can affect a range of secondary metabolic processes. Although miR858 and its 187-nt precursor have been well studied in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a systematic investigation of miR858 precursors and their functions across plant species is lacking due to a problem in identifying the transcripts that generate this subclass.

The effect of weak π-π interactions on single-molecule electron transport properties of the tetraphenylethene molecule and its derivatives: a first-principles study.

Intramolecular π-π interactions are a significant research focus in fields such as chemistry, biology, and materials science. Different configurations of benzene-benzene moieties within a molecule can affect the magnitude of their π-π interactions, consequently influencing the electronic transport capabilities of the molecule. In this study, we designed three π-conjugated molecules, TPEM, TPEEM, and TEEPM, based on tetraphenylethene (TPE).

Effect of S⋯π interactions on the charge transport properties of the DPP framework.

In this work, we designed and synthesized two similar π-conjugated molecules, -alkyl (DPP-R) and -aryl (DPP-B), to comparatively explore the S⋯π interactions using a scanning tunneling microscopy-based break junction (STM-BJ) technique. The conductance results of the STM-BJ experiments indicated that DPP-R has a 66% greater conductance () than DPP-B. Combined with molecular simulations, it was demonstrated that the presence of S⋯π interactions led to a certain degree of orbital overlap of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and created a favorable channel for electron transport in the DPP-B junction.

A new and effective two-step clustering approach for single cell RNA sequencing data.

Background: The rapid devolvement of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology leads to huge amounts of scRNA-seq data, which greatly advance the research of many biomedical fields involving tissue heterogeneity, pathogenesis of disease and drug resistance etc. One major task in scRNA-seq data analysis is to cluster cells in terms of their expression characteristics. Up to now, a number of methods have been proposed to infer cell clusters, yet there is still much space to improve their performance.

Recovery and utilization of waste filtrate from industrial biological fermentation: Development and metabolite profile of the Bacillus cereus liquid bio-fertilizer.

Most fermentation waste filtrates can be used as raw materials for producing bio-fertilizers to reduce wastewater emissions and environmental pollution, but their bio-fertilizer utilization depends on the nutrients contained and their metabolized by functional microorganism. To achieve bio-fertilizer utilization of Acremonium terricola fermented waste filtrate, this study systematically explored the functional microbial species for making good use of waste liquid, optimized material process parameters for bio-fertilizer production based on D-optimal mixture design method, and analyzed the composition of the waste filtrate and its metabolism by functional microorganisms using a non-targeted LC-MS metagenomics technique. The results showed that Bacillus cereus was the functional microbial candidate for producing bio-fertilizer because of its more efficiently utilize the waste filtrate than other Bacillus sp.

Rice chromatin protein OsHMGB1 is involved in phosphate homeostasis and plant growth by affecting chromatin accessibility.

Although phosphorus is one of the most important essential elements for plant growth and development, the epigenetic regulation of inorganic phosphate (Pi) signaling is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the biological function and mode of action of the high-mobility-group box 1 protein OsHMGB1 in rice (Oryza sativa), using molecular and genetic approaches. We determined that OsHMGB1 expression is induced by Pi starvation and encodes a nucleus-localized protein.

Why Ligand Doping Increases the Fluorescence of an Anthracene-Based Metal-Organic Framework.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) built from fluorescent ligands frequently exhibit enhanced fluorescence when doped with inert ligands. This study focuses on a MOF of the UiO-68 structure, which is built from a fluorescent dibenzoate-anthracene ligand doped with a dibenzoate-benzene ligand. Our investigation aims to understand the mechanism behind the doping-enhanced emission of this MOF.

Mutagenesis and structural studies reveal the basis for the specific binding of SARS-CoV-2 SL3 RNA element with human TIA1 protein.

Viral RNA-host protein interactions are indispensable during RNA virus transcription and replication, but their detailed structural and dynamical features remain largely elusive. Here, we characterize the binding interface for the SARS-CoV-2 stem-loop 3 (SL3) cis-acting element to human TIA1 protein with a combined theoretical and experimental approaches. The highly structured SARS-CoV-2 SL3 has a high binding affinity to TIA1 protein, in which the aromatic stacking, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions collectively direct this specific binding.

Assessment of groundwater vulnerability by applying the improved DRASTIC model: a case in Guyuan City, Ningxia, China.

Groundwater is the main source of production and living in most arid and semi-arid areas, and it plays an increasingly critical role in achieving local urban development. There is a serious issue regarding the contradiction between urban development and groundwater protection. In this study, we used three different models to assess the groundwater vulnerability of Guyuan City, including DRASTIC model, analytical hierarchy process-DRASTIC model (AHP-DRASTIC) and variable weight theory-DRASTIC model (VW-DRASTIC).

Intrinsically disordered proteins SAID1/2 condensate on SERRATE for dual inhibition of miRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis.

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) SAID1/2 are hypothetic dentin sialophosphoprotein-like proteins, but their true functions are unknown. Here, we identified SAID1/2 as negative regulators of SERRATE (SE), a core factor in miRNA biogenesis complex (microprocessor). Loss-of-function double mutants of caused pleiotropic developmental defects and thousands of differentially expressed genes that partially overlapped with those in also displayed increased assembly of microprocessor and elevated accumulation of microRNAs (miRNAs).

High-temperature adaptation of an allele is thermoregulated by small RNAs.

Climate change negatively affects crop yield, which hinders efforts to reach agricultural sustainability and food security. Here, we show that a previously unidentified allele of the nitrate transporter gene is required to maintain high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency under high temperatures. We demonstrate that this tolerance to high temperatures in rice accessions harboring the HTNE-2 (high temperature resistant and nitrogen efficient-2) alleles from enhanced translation of the mRNA isoform and the decreased abundance of a unique small RNA (sNRT2.

Complete Genome Sequence of , Isolated from Rhizosphere Soils of Chinese .

Most of the species are pathogenic to a wide range of economically important crops and, sometimes, can even cause diseases in animals and humans. An exception is that the soil-inhabiting is an effective biocontrol agent against a diverse suite of pathogens and promotes plant growth. In this work, we sequenced the whole genome of PO-1, isolated from rhizosphere soils of Chinese , using a combination of long-read single-molecule real-time sequencing technology (Pacific Biosciences [PacBio]) and Illumina sequencing.

Molecular mechanisms and genetic improvement of low-phosphorus tolerance in rice.

Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient required for plant growth and reproduction. Orthophosphate (Pi), the preferred P form for plant uptake, is easily fixed in the soil, making it unavailable to plants. Limited phosphate rock resources, low phosphate fertilizer use efficiency and high demands for green agriculture production make it important to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to P deficiency and to improve plant phosphate efficiency in crops.