The rs6576457 G > A variant in the MKRN3 gene promoter significantly increases the risk of central precocious puberty and lung cancer in Hubei Chinese population.

Makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) is a key inhibitor of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The association between MKRN3 gene variants and central precocious puberty (CPP) has been repeatedly examined. In a recent study, MKRN3 has been assigned a role of tumor suppressor in lung carcinogenesis.

First-trimester hemoglobin, haptoglobin genotype, and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in a retrospective study among Chinese pregnant women.

Background: This study aimed to assess whether the Haptoglobin (Hp) genotype influences the relationship between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Additionally, it sought to evaluate the interaction and joint association of Hb levels and Hp genotype with GDM risk.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 358 women with GDM and 1324 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

Microneedle patch with pure drug tips for delivery of liraglutide: pharmacokinetics in rats and minipigs.

Transdermal delivery of peptide drugs is almost impossible with conventional penetration enhancers because of epidermal barrier function. Microneedle (MN) patches can bypass the epidermal barrier and have been developed for trans- and intradermal delivery of peptide drugs and vaccines. However, dissolving MN patches are limited by low drug loading capacities due to their small size and admixture of drug and water-soluble excipients.

Meta-analysis of the Selected Genetic Variants in Immune-Related Genes and Multiple Sclerosis Risk.

Previous studies have suggested that certain variants in immune-related genes may participate in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), including rs17824933 in the CD6 gene, rs1883832 in the CD40 gene, rs2300747 in the CD58 gene, rs763361 in the CD226 gene, rs16944 in the IL-1β gene, rs2243250 in the IL-4 gene, and rs12722489 and rs2104286 in the IL-2Rα gene. However, the results remained inconclusive and conflicting. In view of this, a comprehensive meta-analysis including all eligible studies was conducted to investigate the association between these 8 selected genetic variants and MS risk.

Elevated first-trimester neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse fetal outcomes.

Background: Chronic inflammation plays a vital role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Studies in mouse models show that neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs), neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase-3 (PR3) are important drivers of chronic inflammation with consequent metabolic disturbances. This study evaluated the association of NE and PR3 with GDM development and adverse fetal outcomes.

Clinical value of noninvasive lens advanced glycation end product detection in early screening and severity evaluation of patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) deposited in the lens are correlated with those in the kidneys, indicating a possible value in evaluating diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study explored the value of noninvasively measuring lens AGEs to diagnose and evaluate the severity of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methodology: A total of 134 T2DM patients admitted to the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai from March 2020 to May 2021 were selected randomly.

Increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis is closely associated with osteoporosis in women but not in men with type 2 diabetes.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: In this study, 1243 patients with T2DM (T2DM with coexistent NAFLD, n = 760; T2DM with no NAFLD, n = 483) were analysed. Non-invasive markers, NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4), were applied to evaluate NAFLD fibrosis risk.

Exploration of Noninvasive Detection of Advanced Glycation End Products in the Lens to Screen for Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes, which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (dialysis). DKD has a high mortality rate, and only early detection can nip this disease in the bud. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs)are generally believed to be involved in the occurrence of DKD.

Preliminary Observation of the Changes in the Intestinal Flora of Patients With Graves' Disease Before and After Methimazole Treatment.

Immune dysfunction caused by environmental factors plays an important role in the development of Graves' disease (GD), and environmental factors are closely related to the intestinal flora. Our previous study showed significant changes in the intestinal flora in GD patients compared with healthy volunteers. This study analyzed the relationships between changes in the intestinal flora, thyroid function and relevant thyroid antibodies in GD patients before and after methimazole treatment.

Increased Neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 are closely associated with occurrence and severity of stroke and acute myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: The role of Neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) in the occurrence and severity of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been explored in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the relationship and predictive ability of NE and PR3 in the development of stroke and AMI in patients with T2DM, and to explore the pattern of NE and PR3 in atherosclerotic plaques.

Methods: 465 patients with T2DM (stroke or AMI, n = 234; non stroke or AMI, n = 231) were recruited.

Efficacy of Standardized Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Diastasis Rectus Abdominis in Postpartum Women.

Purpose: The incidence of diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) in parturients is continuously increasing, which may cause uncomfortable and affect the quality of life. The present study aims to retrospectively summarize the experience and efficacy in the treatment of DRA via standardized rehabilitation procedures in Eastern China.

Methods: This retrospective study included the parturients with DRA admitted to the Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi between January 2017 and May 2021.

Serum ferritin as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, regulated by liver transferrin receptor 2.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TFR2 on iron storage in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1938 participants from the Jiangchuan Community of Shanghai. A total of 784 participants with T2DM and 1154 normal participants (non-T2DM) were enrolled in this study.

Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Stress Response during Intubation and Extubation in Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the stress response during intubation and extubation in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Methods: 122 patients undergoing VATS lobectomy were randomly divided into two groups: the TEAS group ( = 62) and the control group ( = 60). Patients in the TEAS group underwent electroacupuncture stimulation of bilateral Neiguan (PC6), Hegu (L14), Lieque (LU7), and Chize (LU5) acupoints from 30 min before anesthesia to the end of surgery.

The effects of insulin therapy on maternal blood pressure and weight in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Although insulin therapy achieves effective glycemic control, it may aggravate hyperinsulinemia. Nonetheless the benefits of insulin as first-line treatment for women with GDM are controversial. This work aimed to investigate the effect of insulin on maternal GDM.

Alteration of the Intestinal Microbial Flora and the Serum IL-17 Level in Patients with Graves' Disease Complicated with Vitamin D Deficiency.

Background: Intestinal flora is associated with Graves' disease (GD). This study explored the association of serum 25(OH)D with the diversity of the intestinal flora and serum IL-17 in GD patients.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with GD at 2 centers between 2018 and 2021 were consecutively included.

Decreased Monocyte Count Is Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Development, Macrosomia, and Inflammation.

Context: The immune system plays a central role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Monocytes, the main innate immune cells, are especially important in the maintenance of a normal pregnancy.

Objective: Here, we investigated the potential effect of monocytes in GDM.

Elevated First-Trimester Neutrophil Count Is Closely Associated With the Development of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To investigate the ability of different inflammatory blood cell parameters in predicting the development of GDM and pregnancy outcomes, 258 women with GDM and 1,154 women without were included in this retrospective study. First-trimester neutrophil count outperformed white blood cell count and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the predictability for GDM.

IRON DEFICIENCY, A RISK FACTOR FOR THYROID AUTOIMMUNITY DURING SECOND TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY IN CHINA.

Previous studies have reported an association between iron deficiency (ID) and increased thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) during early pregnancy. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between ID and thyroid dysfunction, as well as thyroid autoantibodies, during the second trimester of pregnancy. A total of 1,592 pregnant women (13 to 28 weeks gestation) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Berberine (BBR) Attenuated Palmitic Acid (PA)-Induced Lipotoxicity in Human HK-2 Cells by Promoting Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPAR-α).

BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR), a natural alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, has frequently been reported as an antidiabetic reagent, partly due to its lipid-lowering activity. Evidence suggests that BBR ameliorates palmitate-induced lipid deposition and apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), which tracks in tandem with the enhancement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha). The study aim was to investigate the roles of BBR in renal lipotoxicity in vitro, and investigate whether PPAR-alpha was the underlying mechanism.

GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR MACROSOMIA IN WOMEN WITH INTERMEDIATE STATE GESTATIONAL BLOOD GLUCOSE.

Macrosomia is closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) but its relationship with maternal intermediate state gestational blood glucose (ISGBG; normal fasting blood glucose and 7.8 mmol/L <1 hour blood glucose [BG] <10 mmol/L or 6.7 mmol/L <2 hour BG <8.

Ameliorative effect of berberine coated bio-active nanoparticles in acetaminophen induced hepato-renal damage in diabetic rats.

The current investigation was performed for the detailed analysis of protective effect of biofabricate berberine coated nano‑silver ameliorate (BBR-AgNPs) on acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepato-renal damages in diabetic rats by blood biochemistry, tissue biochemistry, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The spherical shaped BBR-AgNPs were synthesized by the Biofabrication technique and its physico-chemical characterizations done by different spectroscopic (UV-vis spectrophotometer, XRD spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy EDAX & DLS analyses) and microscopic (FE-SEM) techniques. The diabetic developed rats were administrated with APAP (2.

IL-37 and 38 signalling in gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is still a clinical challenge around world. Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of GDM, the precise underlying mechanism remains to be explored. IL-37 and 38 play important role in autoimmunity, but their role in the development of GDM is unclear.

pH/redox responsive core cross-linked nanoparticles from thiolated carboxymethyl chitosan for in vitro release study of methotrexate.

A novel amphiphilic thiolated carboxymethyl chitosan was synthesized. It self-assembled into disulfide bond cross-linked nanoparticles in deionized water. The TEM showed that these nanoparticles had a core-shell structure with an average diameter of 160 nm.