Exposure-lag response of surface net solar radiation on lung cancer incidence: a global time-series analysis.

Background: Recently, the impact of solar radiation (RAD) on diseases worldwide has garnered growing attention. However, the association between RAD and lung cancer remains largely unknow and no consensus has been reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the lag exposure-response of RAD on lung cancer and provide robust scientific evidence for updating prevention and treatment strategies of lung cancer.

Assessing the Optimal Regimen: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Long-Acting Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy are susceptible to prolonged and severe neutropenia. Multiple biosimilars of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (LA-G-CSFs) have been newly developed to prevent this disease. Nonetheless, which LA-G-CSF regimen has the optimal balance of efficacy and safety remains controversial.

Characteristics and prognosis of EGFR mutations in small cell lung cancer patients in the NGS era.

Purpose: Targeted therapy has not been effective for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Although some studies have reported on EGFR mutations in SCLC, a systematic investigation into the clinical, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics and prognosis of EGFR-mutated SCLCs is lacking.

Methods: Fifty-seven SCLC patients underwent next-generation sequencing technology, with 11 in having EGFR mutations (group A) and 46 without (group B).

Accuracy of minimal residual disease detection by circulating tumor DNA profiling in lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: The sensitivity and specificity of minimal residual disease detected by circulating tumor DNA profiling (ctDNA MRD) in lung cancer, with particular attention to the distinction between landmark strategy and surveillance strategy, for predicting relapse in lung cancer patients after definitive therapy has yet to be determined.

Methods: The prognostic value of ctDNA MRD by landmark strategy and surveillance strategy was evaluated in a large cohort of patients with lung cancer who received definitive therapy using a systemic literature review and meta-analysis. Recurrence status stratified by ctDNA MRD result (positive or negative) was extracted as the clinical endpoint.

Machine learning-based construction of a ferroptosis and necroptosis associated lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular cancer.

Introduction: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), one of the most common malignancies worldwide, occurs with high incidence and mortality. Ferroptosis and necroptosis are critically associated with LIHC prognosis. Some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to induce ferroptosis and necroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Gefitinib Plus Chemotherapy vs Gefitinib Alone in Untreated EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Patients With Brain Metastases: The GAP BRAIN Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study.

Importance: Use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is the standard therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases. Several studies have shown that adding chemotherapy to EGFR-TKIs could improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC; however, the efficacy of these agents in patients with brain metastases remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of gefitinib plus chemotherapy (pemetrexed with platinum) compared with gefitinib alone in patients with untreated EGFR-mutant NSCLC brain metastases.

Cancer risks in rheumatoid arthritis patients who received immunosuppressive therapies: Will immunosuppressants work?

Background: Exploring the cancer risks of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can help detect, evaluate, and treat malignancies at an early stage for these patients. Thus, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the cancer risk of RA patients using different types of DMARDs and analyze their relationship with tumor mutational burdens (TMBs) reflecting immunogenicity.

Methods: A thorough search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Medline was conducted up to 20 August 2022.

Homologous recombination repair gene mutations as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.

Background: Nowadays, immunotherapy targeting immune checkpoint receptors is one of the cornerstones of systemic treatment in melanoma. Homologous recombination repair (HRR) is one of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, which has been proved to correlate with the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy, PARP inhibitor therapy, and immunotherapy in a variety of cancers. However, their predictive value of HRR remained unknown in patients with advanced melanoma.

The Airway Microbiota Signatures of Infection and Rejection in Lung Transplant Recipients.

Infection and rejection are the two most common complications after lung transplantation (LT) and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to examine the association between the airway microbiota and infection and rejection in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Here, we collected 181 sputum samples (event-free,  = 47; infection,  = 103; rejection,  = 31) from 59 LTRs, and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the airway microbiota.

Application of artificial intelligence in COVID-19 medical area: a systematic review.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a large-scale global epidemic, impacting international politics and the economy. At present, there is no particularly effective medicine and treatment plan. Therefore, it is urgent and significant to find new technologies to diagnose early, isolate early, and treat early.

Skin microbiome differences relate to the grade of acne vulgaris.

The skin microbiome plays important roles in the pathogenesis and development of acne. We aimed to investigate the facial skin microbiome of acne and microbiome differences related to different grades of acne. Skin swabs from nine healthy controls and 67 acne patients were collected, and the skin microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

T cell receptor repertoire profiling predicts the prognosis of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Tumor-infiltrating T cell repertoire has been demonstrated to be closely associated with anti-tumor immune response. However, the relationship between T cell repertoire in tumor tissue and prognosis has never been reported in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed the high-throughput T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to systematically characterize the infiltrating T cell repertoires of tumor and matched adjacent normal tissues from 23 HBV-associated HCC patients.