Ligand-enabled palladium-catalyzed hydroesterification of vinyl arenes with high linear selectivity to access 3-arylpropanoate esters.

Palladium-catalyzed linear-selective hydroesterification of vinyl arenes with alcohols enabled by diphosphine ligands derived from bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]amides has been developed. A variety of 3-arylpropanoate esters were obtained in high yields and regioselectivity. The robustness of this methodology was further demonstrated by the efficient gram-scale synthesis of the ethyl 3-phenylpropanoate as a precursor to hydrocinnamic acid.

Comparative Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Three Apple Snails (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae) and the Phylogenetic Analyses.

The apple snails , and (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) are invasive pests causing massive economic losses and ecological damage. We sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genomes of these snails to conduct phylogenetic analyses based on comparisons with the mitochondrial protein coding sequences of 47 Caenogastropoda species. The gene arrangements, distribution and content were canonically identical and consistent with typical Mollusca except for the absent in .

The complete mitochondrial genome of the apple snail (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae).

We present the complete mitochondrial genome of in this study. The mitochondrial genome is 15,512 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes. Overall nucleotide compositions of the light strand are 41.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the golden apple snail (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae).

We present the complete mitochondrial genome of in this study. The mitochondrial genome is 15 706 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes. Overall nucleotide compositions of the light strand are 40.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the mudsnail Cipangopaludina cathayensis (Gastropoda: Viviparidae).

We present the complete mitochondrial genome of Cipangopaludina cathayensis in this study. The mitochondrial genome is 17,157 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes. All of them are encoded on the heavy strand except 7 tRNA genes on the light strand.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the giant African snail Achatina fulica (Mollusca: Achatinidae).

We present the complete mitochondrial genome of the Achatina fulica in this study. The results show that the mitochondrial genome is 15,057 bp in length, which is comprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 21 tRNA genes. The nucleotide compositions of the light strand are 35.