Experiment and Simulation Study of the Laser-Induced Cavitation Bubble Technique for Forming a Microgroove in Aluminum Foil.

The present work introduces a laser-induced cavitation bubble technique for forming an axisymmetric structure (i.e., microgroove) and the dynamics of a cavitation bubble from initial expansion to the collapse stages that were also simulated.

Microgroove formation in thin copper by laser-induced cavitation bubble shock: numerical and experimental investigation.

A laser-induced cavitation bubble shock forming technology is proposed for microgroove formation in thin copper. It is stamped by using the impact pressure generated by the laser breakdown of liquid. The impact-induced micro-formation of thin copper is studied by numerical simulation and experimentation.

Precision EDM of Micron-Scale Diameter Hole Array Using in-Process Wire Electro-Discharge Grinding High-Aspect-Ratio Microelectrodes.

Micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) is a good candidate for processing micro-hole arrays, which are critical features of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), diesel injector nozzles, inkjet printheads and turbine blades, etc. In this study, the wire vibration of the wire electro-discharge grinding (WEDG) system has been analyzed theoretically, and, accordingly, an improved WEDG method was developed to fabricate micron-scale diameter and high-aspect-ratio microelectrodes for the in-process micro-EDM of hole array with hole diameter smaller than 20 μm. The improved method has a new feature of a positioning device to address the wire vibration problem, and thus to enhance microelectrodes fabrication precision.

Differential expression of mRNA and miRNA in guinea pigs following infection with HSV2v.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-nucleotide single-stranded RNAs which regulate gene expression by targeting 3' untranslated regions. Previous studies have suggested that miRNAs may be used as markers for investigating the molecular regulation of gene expression. In the present study, miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were investigated using a massively parallel next generation sequencing technique to compare herpes simplex virus (HSV)2-infected (n=3) and healthy (n=3) epithelial tissues from guinea pigs.

Self-assembly of diblock copolymer confined in an array-structure space.

The combination of top-down and bottom-up technologies is an effective method to create the novel nanostructures with long range order in the field of advanced materials manufacture. In this work, we employed a polymeric self-consistent field theory to investigate the pattern formation of diblock copolymer in a 2D confinement system designed by filling pillar arrays with various 2D shapes such as squares, rectangles, and triangles. Our simulation shows that in such confinement system, the microphase structure of diblock copolymer strongly depends on the pitch, shape, size, and rotation of the pillar as well as the surface field of confinement.

Phase segregation of a symmetric diblock copolymer in constrained space with a square-pillar array.

In this study, we apply a self-consistent field theory of polymers to study the structures of a symmetric diblock copolymer in parallel substrates filled with square-pillar arrays in which the substrates and pillars exhibit a weak preference for one block of the copolymer. Three classes of structures, i.e.