Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease characterized by progressive lung fibrogenesis and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonia. IPF has a poor prognosis and presents a spectrum of disease courses ranging from slow evolving disease to rapid deterioration; thus, a differential diagnosis remains challenging. Several biomarkers have been identified to achieve a differential diagnosis; however, comprehensive reviews are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGliomas are the most aggressive type of malignant brain tumors. Recent studies have demonstrated that the existence of glioma stem cells (GSCs) is critical for glioma recurrence, metastasis, and chemo- or radio-therapy resistance. Temozolomide (TMZ) has been used as an initial therapy for gliomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The crucial roles played by lncRNA-AC068228.1 in primary malignant cancer remain poorly understood. This study aimed at examining the clinical significance and evaluating the biological function of AC068228.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fiberoptic bronchoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. Numerous major and minor complications have been reported following this procedure. The incidence of major postoperative complications is approximately 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignal Transduct Target Ther
February 2021
N-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent, abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs, especially within higher eukaryotic cells. m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltransferases, or writers, such as METTL3/14/16, RBM15/15B, ZC3H3, VIRMA, CBLL1, WTAP, and KIAA1429, and, removed by the demethylases, or erasers, including FTO and ALKBH5. It is recognized by m6A-binding proteins YTHDF1/2/3, YTHDC1/2 IGF2BP1/2/3 and HNRNPA2B1, also known as "readers".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere have been recent extensive studies and rapid advancement on the pathogenesis underlying idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and intricate pathogenesis of IPF has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to clarify the logical relationship between these mechanisms. An extensive search was undertaken of the PubMed using the following keywords: "etiology," "pathogenesis," "alveolar epithelial cell (AEC)," "fibroblast," "lymphocyte," "macrophage," "epigenomics," "histone," acetylation," "methylation," "endoplasmic reticulum stress," "mitochondrial dysfunction," "telomerase," "proteases," "plasminogen," "epithelial-mesenchymal transition," "oxidative stress," "inflammation," "apoptosis," and "idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpen Med (Wars)
October 2020
Lung transplantation is a potentially life-saving therapy for patients with terminal respiratory illnesses. Long-term survival is limited by the development of a variety of opportunistic infections and rejection. Optimal means of differential diagnosis of infection and rejection have not been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are highly prevalent potential risk factors for systemic disease. Previous studies have reported that COPD and OSA are major independent risk factors for cardio‑ or cerebrovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on vascular injury in a COPD‑OSA overlap syndrome (OS) rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reports on the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) are scarce. There have been no studies investigating the optimal specimen type for mNGS.
Methods: We used mNGS to detect pathogens in matched transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and bronchial needle brushing (BB) specimens from 39 patients suspected of having infectious PPLs.
Bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) possess potential therapeutic properties for treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by emphysema and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, their effects on overlap syndrome (OS) remain unclear. We investigated the potential therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms of BMSC transplantation in OS rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe wide applications of ultrathin group IV metal oxide films (TiO, ZrO and HfO) probably expose materials to potentially reactive etchants and solvents, appealing for extraordinary chemical stability and corrosion resistance property. In this paper, TiO ultrathin films were deposited on Si at 200 °C while ZrO and HfO were grown at 250 °C to fit their growth temperature window, by thermal atomic layer deposition (TALD) and plasma-enhanced ALD (PEALD). A variety of chemical liquid media including 1 mol/L HSO, 1 mol/L HCl, 1 mol/L KOH, 1 mol/L KCl, and 18 MΩ deionized water were used to test and compare chemical stability of all these as-deposited group IV metal oxides thin films, as well as post-annealed samples at various temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
June 2015
Objective: To explore the effects of transplanting bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells (MSCs) on emphysema in rats and elucidate the possible mechanisms.
Methods: A total of 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided randomly into 3 groups of control, emphysema and MSCs transplantation (n=8 each). The rat model of emphysema was established by 14-week exposure to cigarette smoking and then MSCs labeled with 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were injected into recipient rats of MSCs transplantation group via tail veins.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most frequent chronic respiratory disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, worldwide. Given that the foremost risk factor leading to the development of COPD is cigarette smoke, the initial treatment for COPD is smoking cessation. Even after smoking cessation, inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress can persist and continue to contribute to COPD.
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