A human histidyl-tRNA synthetase splice variant therapeutic targets NRP2 to resolve lung inflammation and fibrosis.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) consists of a group of immune-mediated disorders that can cause inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the lungs, representing an area of unmet medical need given the lack of disease-modifying therapies and toxicities associated with current treatment options. Tissue-specific splice variants (SVs) of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are catalytic nulls thought to confer regulatory functions. One example from human histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS), termed HARS because the splicing event resulted in a protein encompassing the WHEP-TRS domain of HARS (a structurally conserved domain found in multiple aaRSs), is enriched in human lung and up-regulated by inflammatory cytokines in lung and immune cells.

The distribution of aerobic bacteria in Chinese cropland is linked to the soil texture.

Aerobic bacteria extensively drive the carbon cycle in soil owing to their vigorous respiration; however, their geographical distribution and mechanisms remain poorly understood. The citric acid synthetase-encoding gene (), which encodes the key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of aerobic respiration, was used as a marker gene to investigate the geographical distribution of aerobic bacteria in Chinese agricultural fields. The abundance and diversity of -harboring bacteria changed unimodally as the latitude increased, with peak values at middle latitudes, where the dominant species showed the lowest relative abundance.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Porcine Parvovirus 2 in Southwest China During 2020-2023.

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a non-enveloped, single-stranded linear DNA virus that induces reproductive disorders in sows, particularly abortions in primiparous sows. This study investigated the prevalence of PPV in the southwestern region and conducted molecular characterization of PPV strains. An epidemiological survey was conducted on 1534 aborted fetuses from the southwestern region between 2020 and 2023, revealing an abortion rate of 3.

Emergence of a novel porcine pestivirus with potential for cross-species transmission in China, 2023.

Pestiviruses, RNA viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, have a broad host range. Their pathogenicity varies greatly and they have caused significant economic losses in animal husbandry. In this study, a novel pestivirus, porcine abortion-associated pestivirus (PAAPeV), was isolated from pigs in China in 2023.

Getah virus triggers ROS-mediated autophagy in mouse Leydig cells.

Introduction: Getah virus (GETV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted via a mosquito-vertebrate cycle. While previous studies have explored the epidemiology and pathogenicity of GETV in various species, its molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Methods: This study investigated the impact of GETV infection and associated molecular mechanisms on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy levels in mouse Leydig cells both and .

Short- and Mid-Term Outcomes Following ALIF and TLIF in L5-S1 Isthmic Spondylolisthesis Patients.

Background: A limited number of studies have compared the outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) to transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis. This study aims to compare postoperative complications between these two surgical approaches.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed using a large national database.

Cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion decorated with rhamnolipid for inhibition of methicillin-resistant biofilm formation: and assessment.

Background: () biofilm associated infections are prevalent and persistent, posing a serious threat to human health and causing significant economic losses in animal husbandry. Nanoemulsions demonstrate significant potential in the treatment of bacterial biofilm associated infections due to their unique physical, chemical and biological properties. In this study, a novel cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion with the ability to penetrate biofilm structures and eliminate biofilms was developed.

Scoliosis in Rett syndrome: a comparative analysis of postoperative complications.

Rett syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting females, presents unique challenges in managing associated scoliosis. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and challenges of posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in Rett syndrome patients by analyzing postoperative complications. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a large national database.

The host cells suppress the proliferation of pseudorabies virus by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Unlabelled: Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the alpha-herpesviruses, can infect both the nervous and reproductive systems of pigs, causing neonatal mortality and reproductive failure in sows, which incurs substantial economic losses. Neurotropism is a common characteristic of various viruses, allowing them to cross the blood-brain barrier and access the central nervous system. However, the precise mechanisms by which PRV affects the blood-brain barrier are not well understood.

Pathogenicity characteristics of different subgenotype pseudorabies virus in newborn piglets.

Pseudorabies virus is a major pathogen in the pig industry, causing substantial economic losses. The emergence of pseudorabies virus variant strains in China has led to extensive spread, raising concerns about their potential impact. However, the differences in pathogenicity between the classical strains and the variant strains of genotype II are not well understood.

Prediction of postoperative complications following transanal total mesorectal excision in middle and low rectal cancer: development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop a nomogram for the personalized prediction of postoperative complication risks in patients with middle and low rectal cancer who are undergoing transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME). This tool aims to assist clinicians in early identification of high-risk patients and in addressing preoperative risk factors to enhance surgical safety.

Methods: In this case-control study, 207 patients diagnosed with middle and low rectal cancer and undergoing taTME between February 2018 and November 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were included.

Formation and recovery of Listeria monocytogenes in viable but nonculturable state under different temperatures combined with low nutrition and high NaCl concentration.

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state occurs when bacteria lose their ability to grow and multiply on conventional media when stressed by adverse environmental factors, but they remain active and can revive under certain conditions, posing a food safety risk. In this study, the VBNC state of Listeria monocytogenes was induced with different temperatures combined with low nutrient conditions; the VBNC state of L. monocytogenes was confirmed in conjunction with the housekeeping gene abcZ using a molecular biology assay (PMA-qPCR) to calculate the viable bacterial count; The resuscitation conditions for the VBNC state of L.

Rescue and characterization of PCV4 infectious clones: pathogenesis and immune response in piglets.

Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) was first identified in 2019, categorized within the genus in the family . To date, the virus has not been isolated from clinical samples. Meanwhile, many aspects of the biology and pathogenic mechanisms of PCV4 infection remain unknown.

Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes in Patients with Gout: A Retrospective Analysis of Matched Large Cohorts.

Background: Gout is the most prevalent form of inflammatory arthritis in the world. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has emerged as a widely sought-after and highly effective surgical procedure for advanced hip diseases. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of gout on primary THA outcomes in large cohorts.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infects the reproductive system of male piglets and impairs development of the blood-testis barrier.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes a highly contagious disease that threatens the global swine industry. Recent studies have focused on the damage that PRRSV causes to the reproductive system of male pigs, although pathological research is lacking. Therefore, we examined the pathogenic mechanisms in male piglets infected with PRRSV.

Rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of pseudorabies virus with an RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d-based dual-readout portable platform.

Pseudorabies viruses (PRV) pose a major threat to the global pig industry and public health. Rapid, intuitive, affordable, and accurate diagnostic testing is critical for controlling and eradicating infectious diseases. In this study, a portable detection platform based on RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d was developed.

Rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of swine Japanese encephalitis virus with a one-pot RPA-CRISPR/EsCas13d-based dual readout portable platform.

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), poses a serious threat to global public health. The low viremia levels typical in JEV infections make RNA detection challenging, necessitating early and rapid diagnostic methods for effective control and prevention. This study introduces a novel one-pot detection method that combines recombinant enzyme polymerase isothermal amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/EsCas13d targeting, providing visual fluorescence and lateral flow assay (LFA) results.

A CRISPR/Cas12a-powered gold/nickel foam surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensor for nucleic acid specific detection in foods.

Food is a necessary source of energy, but it also serves as a pathway for transmitting infectious pathogens, making food safety a matter of great concern. Rapid, accurate, and specific detection methods for foodborne viruses are crucial. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), due to its superior sensitivity and characteristic fingerprint spectra, holds enormous potential.

Evaluation of the activity and mechanisms of oregano essential oil against PRV in vivo and in vitro.

Background: The Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) leading to pseudorabies and causes huge economic losses in pig industry. The development of novel PRV variations has diminished the efficacy of traditional vaccinations, and there is yet no medication that can stop the spread of PRV infection. Therefore, PRV eradication is challenging.

Microbial communities mediate the effect of cover cropping on soil ecosystem functions under precipitation reduction in an agroecosystem.

Cover cropping is a sustainable agricultural practice that profoundly influences soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions. However, the responses of soil ecosystem functions and microbial communities to cover cropping under the projected changes in precipitation, remain largely unexplored. To address this gap, a field experiment with cover cropping (control, hairy vetch, ryegrass, and hairy vetch plus ryegrass) and precipitation reduction (ambient precipitation and 50 % reduction in ambient precipitation) treatments was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in an agroecosystem located in the Guanzhong Plain of China.