Postmortem/dynamic distribution of ethanol and its nonoxidative metabolites in poisoned rabbits.

Nonoxidative ethanol metabolites have been reported as ethanol biomarkers in clinical and forensic cases. However, their forensic toxicokinetics are still unclear. The study aimed to simultaneously research the postmortem distribution and dynamic distribution of ethanol and its nonoxidative metabolites in 62 poisoned rabbits.

Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of 52 antibiotics in human whole blood and urine and application to forensic cases.

Purpose: A rapid and reliable method was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of 52 antibiotics (cephalosporins, penicillins, carbapenems, lincosamides, quinolones, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, glycopeptide) in urine and whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).

Method: Analytes were extracted by dilution or protein precipitation and analyzed on an Agilent 1260 HPLC system coupled to an Agilent 6470 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer.

Results: The method attended method validation criteria.

Rapid Screening of 34 Emerging Contaminants in Surface Water by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS.

Objectives: To establish a rapid screening method for 34 emerging contaminants in surface water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS).

Methods: The pretreatment conditions of solid phase extraction (SPE) were optimized by orthogonal experimental design and the surface water samples were concentrated and extracted by Oasis HLB and Oasis MCX SPE columns in series. The extracts were separated by Kinetex EVO C18 column, with gradient elution of 0.

Melatonin attenuates fentanyl - induced behavioral sensitization and circadian rhythm disorders in mice.

Melatonin is a neurohormone synthesized by the pineal gland to regulate the circadian rhythms and has proven to be effective in treating drug addiction and dependence. However, the effects of melatonin to modulate the drug-seeking behavior of fentanyl and its underlying molecular mechanism is elusive. This study was designed to investigate the effects of melatonin on fentanyl - induced behavioral sensitization and circadian rhythm disorders in mice.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Variations in Carbohydrate Metabolism between Two Blueberry Cultivars.

Blueberry is a high-quality fruit tree with significant nutritional and economic value, but the intricate mechanism of sugar accumulation in its fruit remains unclear. In this study, the ripe fruits of blueberry cultivars 'Anna' and 'Misty' were utilized as experimental materials, and physiological and multi-omics methodologies were applied to analyze the regulatory mechanisms of the difference in sugar content between them. The results demonstrated that the 'Anna' fruit was smaller and had less hardness than the 'Misty' fruit, as well as higher sugar content, antioxidant capability, and lower active substance content.

Stability of diazepam's phase II metabolites in dried blood spots on filter paper.

Unlabelled: Phase II metabolites play an important role in diazepam-related cases. The study aimed to assess the stability of diazepam's phase II metabolites in dried blood spots on filter paper.

Methods: A piece of filter paper was spotted with 100 µL of whole blood (added 1% sodium fluoride as needed) obtained from participant who received 5 mg diazepam orally, air dried for 2 h at room temperature, and then stored at different conditions.

Dual-signal fluorescence aptasensing system for adenosine triphosphate assisting by MoS nanosheets.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has an irreplaceable role in the maintenance of many physiological processes and biological functions, and can be employed as an indicator of many diseases. In this work, we constructed a simple and sensitive dual-signal fluorescence aptasensing system for ATP detection with berberine as the signal reporter, ATP-aptamer as the recognition unit and MoS nanosheets as the signal amplification. In the absence of ATP, berberine can bind to the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) of ATP-aptamer and selectively assemble on the surface of MoS nanosheets, leading to the fluorescence quenching of bererbine based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer, denoted by "OFF".

Forensic toxicokinetics of difenidol hydrochloride in vivo verified by practical lethal cases.

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of difenidol hydrochloride in biological specimens has been developed. The method exhibited excellent recovery (> 90%) and precision (RSD < 10%), and the LOD was 0.05 μg/mL or μg/g, which met the requirements of bioanalytical method.

Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on Blackberry Fruit Quality.

To study the optimal form of nitrogen (N) application and to determine the best harvest date for blackberries, different N fertilizers were applied during the critical growth period of blackberry plants. The results showed that NH-N significantly improved the appearance of blackberry fruits, including their size, firmness, and color, and promoted the accumulation of soluble solids, sugars, anthocyanin, ellagic acid, and vitamin C (VC), while fruit treated with NO-N accumulated more flavonoids and organic acids and had improved antioxidant capacity. In addition, the fruit size, firmness, and color brightness decreased with the harvest period.

Exploration and Practice of the "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" Innovative Talents Training Mode in Forensic Medicine.

Talent is one of the basic and strategic supports for building a modern socialist country in all aspects. Since the 1980s, the establishment of forensic medicine major and the cultivation of innovative talents in forensic medicine have become hot topics in higher education in forensic medicine. Over the past 43 years, the forensic medicine team of Shanxi Medical University has adhered to the joint education of public security and colleges, and made collaborative innovation, forming a training mode of "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" for innovative talents in forensic medicine.

Effects of Different Light Wavelengths on Fruit Quality and Gene Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Blueberry ().

Different light wavelengths display diverse effects on fruit quality formation and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Blueberry is a kind of fruit rich in anthocyanin with important economic and nutritional values. This study explored the effects of different light wavelengths (white (W), red (R), blue (B) and yellow (Y)) on fruit quality and gene expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis in blueberry.

Physiological and Morphological Responses of Blackberry Seedlings to Different Nitrogen Forms.

Blackberries are an emerging third-generation fruit that are popular in Europe, and specific nitrogen (N) supply is an important factor affecting their growth and development. To study the optimal N fertilizer for blackberry seedlings, no N (CK), nitrate (NO)-N, ammonium (NH)-N and urea were applied to one-year-old 'Ningzhi 4' blackberry plants at a key growth period (from May to August) to explore the effects of different N forms on the physiological characteristics. Correlation and principal component analysis were used to determine the relationships between various indexes.

Recent advances in metabolic engineering of microorganisms for the production of monomeric C3 and C4 chemical compounds.

Bio-based C3 and C4 bi-functional chemicals are useful monomers in biopolymer production. This review describes recent progresses in the biosynthesis of four such monomers as a hydroxy-carboxylic acid (3-hydroxypropionic acid), a dicarboxylic acid (succinic acid), and two diols (1,3-propanediol and 1,4-butanediol). The use of cheap carbon sources and the development of strains and processes for better product titer, rate and yield are presented.

Correlation between the Human Development Index and the Incidence and Mortality of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Objective: This study was to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and the incidence and mortality of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: We compared the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and the ASMR to ASIR ratio (MIR) at national and regional levels and studied the correlation between the MIR and the human development index (HDI) in 2012 and 2018.

Results: The highest ASIR was in North America in 2012 and in Australia in 2018, and the lowest ASIR was in Central and South Asia in both 2012 and 2018.

A Target-Triggered Emission Enhancement Strategy Based on a Y-Shaped DNA Fluorescent Nanoprobe with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristic for microRNA Imaging in Living Cells.

DNA self-assembled fluorescent nanoprobes have been developed for bio-imaging owing to their high resistance to enzyme degradation and great cellular uptake capacity. In this work, we designed a new Y-shaped DNA fluorescent nanoprobe (YFNP) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic for microRNA imaging in living cells. With the modification of the AIE dye, the constructed YFNP had a relatively low background fluorescence.

HPLC-MS/MS determination and the postmortem distribution or postmortem redistribution of paraquat and its metabolites in four fatal intoxication cases.

HPLC-MS/MS analysis and postmortem distribution or postmortem redistribution of paraquat and its two metabolites in poisoning death cases were reported. Paraquat, monoquat, and paraquat monopyridone were extracted from the sample with acetonitrile or methanol, respectively, detected by ZORBAX HILIC Plus (4.6 × 100 mm, 3.

Simulating dynamic interaction between diazepam and ethanol targeting the GABA receptor via in silico model.

Combined diazepam-ethanol poisoning is common in forensic toxicology. Both diazepam and ethanol can inhibit the central nervous system via the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ligand gated chloride ion channel, GABA Receptor (GABAR). As the common target of diazepam and ethanol, whether GABAR is the key target of their combined action remains unclear.

Postmortem Distribution and Postmortem Redistribution of Carbofuran-7-Phenyl Glucuronic Acid in Rabbits.

Objectives: To establish a carbofuran intragastric administration death model in rabbits, and to observe the postmortem distribution and postmortem redistribution of carbofuran-7-phenyl glucuronic acid (Glu-7PH) in rabbits.

Methods: The postmortem distribution: Rabbits were given an administration of 1/2LD50, LD50, 2LD50 carbofuran. Dead rabbits were dissected immediately.

A comparative study of postmortem distribution and postmortem diffusion of tramadol in rabbits.

In recent years, the cases of tramadol intoxication have become more frequent in many countries. However, most of the previous studies have been based on cases of tramadol intoxication, and the detailed information on the differences between postmortem distribution and diffusion of tramadol remains unclear. To investigate this issue systematically, we established a postmortem distribution model and two postmortem diffusion models.

Decomposition kinetics and postmortem production of hydrogen sulfide and its metabolites.

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gas, can also be generated from organics putrefaction. It is difficult for suspected cases of HS poisoning to determine whether HS in specimens is ingested by antemortem poisoning or generated from organics putrefaction. The aim of this study was to find the biomarkers of acute HS poisoning via comparing the concentrations of HS and its metabolites over time in specimens.