Kinetics of Martensite/Austenite Decomposition during Tempering of Ultrafine Nano-Bainitic Steels.

In this study, the decomposition of a martensite/austenite (M/A) microconstituent in bainitic steels was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data in conjunction with Kissinger's and Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK)'s formulas. In bainitic steel subjected to austempering heat treatment, the presence of an M/A microstructure adversely affects the mechanical properties. According to the kinetic equations derived, it is observed that after tempering the sample at 600 °C for 4000 s, the generation of each phase reaches its maximum.

WDFF-Net: Weighted Dual-Branch Feature Fusion Network for Polyp Segmentation With Object-Aware Attention Mechanism.

Colon polyps in colonoscopy images exhibit significant differences in color, size, shape, appearance, and location, posing significant challenges to accurate polyp segmentation. In this paper, a Weighted Dual-branch Feature Fusion Network is proposed for Polyp Segmentation, named WDFF-Net, which adopts HarDNet68 as the backbone network. First, a dual-branch feature fusion network architecture is constructed, which includes a shared feature extractor and two feature fusion branches, i.

TP-Net: Two-Path Network for Retinal Vessel Segmentation.

Refined and automatic retinal vessel segmentation is crucial for computer-aided early diagnosis of retinopathy. However, existing methods often suffer from mis-segmentation when dealing with thin and low-contrast vessels. In this paper, a two-path retinal vessel segmentation network is proposed, namely TP-Net, which consists of three core parts, i.

Effect of Various Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Content on Concrete Properties: Experiments and Modelling.

Concrete is known as the most globally used construction material, but it releases a huge amount of greenhouse gases due to cement production. Recently, Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) have been widely used in concrete to reduce the cement content. However, SCMs can alter the mechanical properties and time-dependent behaviors of concrete and the early age mechanical properties of concrete significantly affect the concrete cracking in the engineering field.

Combined contralateral C7 to C7 and L5 to S1 cross nerve transfer for treating limb hemiplegia after stroke.

Background: Contralateral C7 to C7 cross nerve transfer has been proved to be safe and effective for patients with spastic arm paralysis due to stroke and traumatic brain injury. For the lower limb, contralateral L5 to S1 cross nerve transfer serves as a novel surgical approach. In many cases, patients with hemiplegia have both upper and lower limb dysfunction and hope to restore all limb functions within one operation.

Hydroxytyrosol contributes to cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in pulsed electromagnetic fields treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro.

A variety of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been experimentally and clinically used in an effort to promote wound healing, although the mechanisms involved remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the action of a novel protocol of co‑treatment with PEMFs and hydroxytyrosol (HTY) on the proliferation and differentiation potential of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The HUVECs were assigned randomly into three groups: Control, PEMF‑treated and PEMF + HT‑treated.

Preparation and evaluation of an Arg-Gly-Asp-modified chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.

Bone tissue engineering has become a promising method for the repair of bone defects, and the production of a scaffold with high cell affinity and osseointegrative properties is crucial for successful bone substitute. Chitosan (CS)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite was prepared by in situ compositing combined with lyophilization, and further modified by arginine‑glycine‑aspartic acid (RGD) via physical adsorption. In order to evaluate the cell adhesion rate, viability, morphology, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, the RGD‑CS/HA scaffold was seeded with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).

Effect of long-term pulsed electromagnetic field exposure on hepatic and immunologic functions of rats.

Background: In this report, the effects of long-term pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exposure on hepatic and immunologic functions were examined.

Methods: Male rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group and three experimental groups exposed to a 50-Hz PEMF at 5, 10, or 20 mT for 10 weeks.

Results: Compared with the control group, activities of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and concentrations of serum, liver, and spleen Metabolism of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the 10- and 20-mT PEMF groups were significantly increased.

Improving bone marrow stromal cell attachment on chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds by an immobilized RGD peptide.

Ample cell adhesion to scaffolds is essential for effective bone tissue engineering. Chitosan/hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) scaffolds with channel-shaped and spherically shaped pore morphologies were prepared via in situ compositing hybridization in combination with lyophilization. The sizes of channel-shaped and spherically shaped pores of the CS/HA scaffolds were 150-650 µm and 3-15 µm, respectively.

Melatonin alleviates behavioral deficits associated with apoptosis and cholinergic system dysfunction in the APP 695 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Melatonin is an endogenous antioxidant and free radical scavenger. A transgenic (Tg) mouse model for Alzheimer's disease mimics the accumulation of senile plaques, neuronal apoptosis and memory impairment. Previous studies indicated that melatonin reduced beta-amyloid (Abeta)-induced neurotoxicity.