A Janus Microsphere Delivery System Orchestrates Immunomodulation and Osteoinduction by Fine-tuning Release Profiles.

Bone regeneration is a well-orchestrated process synergistically involving inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Therefore, an effective bone graft should be designed to target multiple molecular events and biological demands during the bone healing process. In this study, a biodegradable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based Janus microsphere delivery system containing calcium phosphate oligomer (CPO) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is developed based on natural biological events.

Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Difluoromethylated/C-4- and C-5-Functionalized Polycyclic Coumarin Derivatives.

A facile and novel synthetic method for the synthesis of functionalized polycyclic coumarins at the C-4 and C-5 positions is proposed for the first time, which employs copper-catalyzed addition reactions of undiscovered alkenes with difluoromethyl radicals to construct polycyclic coumarins. This strategy is characterized by high regioselectivity, easy availability of raw materials, and simple operation. Additionally, such undiscovered coumarin alkenes can be reacted with a variety of difluoromethyl precursors to obtain a wide range of valuable C-4 and C-5 position functionalized/difluoromethylated polycyclic coumarins.

Silver-catalyzed C-3 arylthiodifluoromethylation and aryloxydifluoromethylation of coumarins.

A facile silver-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of arylthiodifluoroacetic acids or aryloxydifluoroacetic acids with coumarins/quinoxalin-2(1)-ones was developed. This transformation provided a series of C-3 aryloxydifluoromethylated or arylthiodifluoromethylated coumarins/quinoxalin-2(1)-ones containing various functional groups in moderate to good yields, featuring good functional group tolerance, easily accessible starting materials and operational simplicity.