Cylindrical vector beam multiplexing holography employing spin-decoupled phase modulation metasurface.

Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) hold considerable promise as high-capacity information carriers for multiplexing holography due to their mode orthogonality. In CVB holography, phase holograms are encoded onto the wave-front of CVBs with different mode orders while preserving their independence during reconstruction. However, a major challenge lies in the limited ability to manipulate the spatial phase and polarization distribution of CVBs independently.

Disruption of the SP-A/SP-R210 (MYO18Aα) pathway prolongs gestation and reduces fetal survival during lipopolysaccharide-induced parturition in late gestation.

Prolonged labor can lead to infection, fetal distress, asphyxia, and life-threatening harm to both the mother and the baby. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) was shown to contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy and timing of term labor. SP-A modulates the stoichiometric expression of the SP-R210 and SP-R210 isoforms of the SP-R210 receptor on alveolar macrophages (AMs).

Metabolic parameters of pretreatment 2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography for prognosis in patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma: a cohort study.

Background: The incidence of gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBA) is relatively low, yet it exhibits a high degree of malignancy and a significantly low 5-year survival rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment 2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography {2-[F]FDG PET} parameters in predicting outcomes for patients with GBA.

Methods: In total, 67 patients with GBA who underwent 2-[F]FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) before treatment were retrospectively analyzed at Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2012 to June 2022.

Real-time detection of road manhole covers with a deep learning model.

Road manhole covers are crucial components of urban infrastructure; however, inadequate maintenance or poor marking can pose safety risks to vehicular traffic. This paper presents a method for detecting road manhole covers using a stereo depth camera and the MGB-YOLO model. We curated a robust image dataset and performed image enhancement and annotation.

Dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic features of children scabies.

Objective: To summarize the image features of dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in children with scabies, and to explore the clinical significance in the diagnosis of children scabies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 children scabies diagnosed clinically in the dermatology outpatient department of Tianjin Children's Hospital from April 2018 to June 2022. All children were examined by dermatoscopy and RCM, and images were collected.

Strong non-uniformity correction algorithm based on spectral shaping statistics and LMS.

The existence of non-uniformity in infrared detector output images is a widespread problem that significantly degrades image quality. Existing scene-based non-uniformity correction algorithms typically struggle to balance strong non-uniformity correction with scene adaptability. To address this issue, we propose a novel scene-based algorithm that leverages the frequency characteristics of the non-uniformity, combine and improve single-frame stripe removal, multi-scale statistics, and least mean square (LMS) methods.

Clinical and dermatoscopic features of temporal triangular alopecia in infants.

Objective: To summarize the clinical and dermatoscopic features of temporal triangular alopecia in infants and explore the clinical significance of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of triangular alopecia temporalis in infants.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 children with temporal triangular alopecia diagnosed in the dermatology clinic of Tianjin Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. Dermatoscopy was performed on all children, and images were collected.

Effect of and on Intestinal Barrier and Gut Microbiota in Rats with Diarrhea.

and (Renshen Wumei in Chinese, RW) are natural medicines with high nutritional and pharmacological value. They have been widely used together in China to treat gastrointestinal diseases, especially persistent diarrhea, but the potential mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, a diarrhea model was established in rats using a 30% aqueous extract of senna.

[Pathways and Mechanisms of Periodontitis Contributing to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes].

Periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory disease with a high incidence in the global population. Periodontal pathogens can colonize and infect multiple human tissues and organs through blood transmission, which is an important risk factor of many systemic diseases. Recently, the correlation between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) has attracted growing research interest.

Application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in preoperative localization of microwave ablation for primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Ultrasonography (US) and Technetium-sestamibi scintigraphy ( Tc-MIBI) are currently first-line imaging modalities to localize parathyroid adenomas with sensitivities of 80% and 84%, respectively. Therefore, finding other modalities to further improve the diagnostic accuracy for preoperative localization is critically needed.

Purpose: To evaluate the application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the preoperative localization of microwave ablation (MWA) for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Multiparameter diagnostic model based on F-FDG PET and clinical characteristics can differentiate thymic epithelial tumors from thymic lymphomas.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of combined multiparametric F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) with clinical characteristics in differentiating thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) from thymic lymphomas.

Patients And Methods: A total of 173 patients with 80 TETs and 93 thymic lymphomas who underwent F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were confirmed by pathology, and baseline characteristics and clinical data were also collected.

Chitosan and Chitooligosaccharide: The Promising Non-Plant-Derived Prebiotics with Multiple Biological Activities.

Biodegradable chitin is the second-most abundant natural polysaccharide, widely existing in the exoskeletons of crabs, shrimps, insects, and the cell walls of fungi. Chitosan and chitooligosaccharide (COS, also named chitosan oligosaccharide) are the two most important deacetylated derivatives of chitin. Compared with chitin, chitosan and COS not only have more satisfactory physicochemical properties but also exhibit additional biological activities, which cause them to be widely applied in the fields of food, medicine, and agriculture.

Pretreatment Metabolic Parameters Measured by F-FDG PET to Predict the Pathological Treatment Response of HCC Patients Treated With PD-1 Inhibitors and Lenvatinib as a Conversion Therapy in BCLC Stage C.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the pretreatment F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) as a predictor of the pathological treatment response (PTR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors and lenvatinib as a conversion therapy in BCLC stage C.

Methods: All patients (n=20) underwent pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT and were treated with conversion therapy and surgery. Patients were categorized into responders (n=9) and non-responders (n=11) according to PTR.

The Combination of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Metabolic and Clinical Parameters Can Effectively Distinguish Rheumatoid Arthritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatic.

Objective: To evaluate F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) and clinical parameters to differentiate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and polymyalgia rheumatic (PMR). . This retrospective study evaluated 54 patients with suspected RA ( = 23) and PMR ( = 31) who underwent F-FDG PET/CT before treatment.

Quantitative analysis of Ga-DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-octreotate positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging for the differential diagnosis of primary pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Background: Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs) predominantly express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) 2 and 3. Ga-DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-octreotate (Ga-DOTA-TATE) is an imaging radiopharmaceutical that selectively targets SSTR 2 with high affinity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of Ga-DOTA-TATE in the differential diagnosis of suspected PPGLs, and determine the optimal threshold for differential diagnoses.

Diagnostic Value of C-PIB PET/MR in Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Background: The thioflavin T derivative, C-Pittsburgh-B (PIB), is used for Alzheimer's disease imaging because it specifically binds to β-amyloid protein deposits in the brain. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of combined C-PIB positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) in cardiac amyloidosis (CA).

Methods: We enrolled 23 heart failure patients with suspected CA based on echocardiographic and electrocardiograph findings.

Some novel features of strong promoters discovered in Cytophaga hutchinsonii.

Cytophaga hutchinsonii is an important Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Bacteroides phylum that can efficiently degrade cellulose. But the promoter that mediates the initiation of gene transcription has been unknown for a long time. In this study, we determined the transcription start site (TSS) of C.

Using 18F-flurodeoxyglucose and 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor PET/CT to evaluate a new periprosthetic joint infection model of rabbit due to Staphylococcus aureus.

Purpose: The existing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) models have obvious limitations, and studies of PJI on animal models using PET/computed tomography (CT) for diagnosis are still lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish a new PJI model and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) were employed to study their performance.

Methods: A novel PJI model of rabbit was developed by placing two screws in the tibia and femur.

Soluble Dietary Fiber, One of the Most Important Nutrients for the Gut Microbiota.

Dietary fiber is a widely recognized nutrient for human health. Previous studies proved that dietary fiber has significant implications for gastrointestinal health by regulating the gut microbiota. Moreover, mechanistic research showed that the physiological functions of different dietary fibers depend to a great extent on their physicochemical characteristics, one of which is solubility.

Cylindrical vector beam sorter with spin-dependent spiral transformation.

Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a cylindrical vector beam (CVB) sorter based on a spin-dependent spiral transformation. By exploiting the spin-orbital interaction of the geometric phase, a pair of conjugated spiral transformations are applied to modulate the two orthogonal circularly polarized components of the CVB, which are converted into the same linear phase gradient from opposite azimuthal phase gradients. Since the orthogonal spin components of CVBs with different polarization orders carry different phase gradients, under the convergence of a convex lens, the coaxially transmitted CVBs can be sorted with spatially separated positions, and the increased phase gradient provided by the spiral transformation yields the high resolution.

Modified Renshen Wumei Decoction Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Destruction in Rats with Diarrhea.

Modified Renshen Wumei decoction (MRWD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treating persistent diarrhea. However, as the mechanism by which MRWD regulates diarrhea remains unknown, we examined the protective effects of MRWD on intestinal barrier integrity in a diarrhea model. In total, 48 male rats were randomly distributed to four treatment groups: the blank group (CK group), model group (MC group), Medilac-Vita group (MV group) and Chinese herb group (MRWD group).

Role of F-FDG PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of primary benign and malignant unilateral adrenal tumors.

Background: This retrospective study was performed to estimate the clinical role of whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using 2-[F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in the differential diagnosis of primary benign and malignant unilateral adrenal tumors.

Methods: A total of 64 patients (31 male, 33 female; age range: 3-76 years, mean: 48.5) with a confirmed unilateral adrenal tumor underwent F-FDG PET/CT examination for diagnosis and staging.

Cytophaga hutchinsonii , Encoding a Core Component of the Type IX Secretion System, Is Essential for Ion Assimilation, Cellulose Degradation, and Cell Motility.

The type IX secretion system (T9SS), which is involved in pathogenicity, motility, and utilization of complex biopolymers, is a novel protein secretion system confined to the phylum , a common cellulolytic soil bacterium belonging to the phylum , can rapidly digest crystalline cellulose using a novel strategy. In this study, the deletion mutant of () was obtained using PY6 medium supplemented with Stanier salts. GldN was verified to be a core component of T9SS, and is indispensable for cellulose degradation, motility, and secretion of C-terminal domain (CTD) proteins.