The antiangiogenic effect of total saponins of Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer in rheumatoid arthritis is mediated by targeting the HIF-1α/VEGF/ANG-1 axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Traditional Chinese herbal medicine Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer has a long history in clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Novel insight into the therapeutical potential of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to poor prognosis of ischemic stroke. Flavonoids are a broad family of plant polyphenols which are abundant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have beneficial effects on several diseases including ischemic stroke. Accumulating studies have indicated that flavonoids derived from herbal TCM are effective in alleviating CIRI after ischemic stroke or , and exhibit favourable therapeutical potential.

Analogies between photochemical reactions and ground-state post-transition-state bifurcations shed light on dynamical origins of selectivity.

Revealing the origins of kinetic selectivity is one of the premier tasks of applied theoretical organic chemistry, and for many reactions, doing so involves comparing competing transition states. For some reactions, however, a single transition state leads directly to multiple products, in which case non-statistical dynamic effects influence selectivity control. The selectivity of photochemical reactions-where crossing between excited-state and ground-state surfaces occurs near ground-state transition structures that interconvert competing products-also should be controlled by the momentum of the reacting molecules as they return to the ground state in addition to the shape of the potential energy surfaces involved.

Unified Synthesis of 2-Isocyanoallopupukeanane and 9-Isocyanopupukeanane through a "Contra-biosynthetic" Rearrangement.

Herein, we describe our synthetic efforts toward the pupukeanane natural products, in which we have completed the first enantiospecific route to 2-isocyanoallopupukeanane in 10 steps (formal synthesis), enabled by a key Pd-mediated cyclization cascade. This subsequently facilitated an unprecedented bio-inspired "contra-biosynthetic" rearrangement, providing divergent access to 9-isocyanopupukeanane in 15 steps (formal synthesis). Computational studies provide insight into the nature of this rearrangement.

Reporting quality and risk of bias assessment of animal research on Chaihu-Shugan-San for depression: A systematic review.

Objective: Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula employed to treat depression. We aim to conduct a reporting quality assessment and risk of bias evaluation of animal research on CSS for depression.

Methods: To acquire eligible studies, two reviewers searched plentiful databases from inception to October 23rd, 2021.

Sanpian decoction ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating SIRT1/ERK/HIF-1α pathway through in silico analysis and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a complex pathophysiological process involving multiple factors, and becomes the footstone of rehabilitation after ischemic stroke. Sanpian decoction (SPD) has exhibited protective effects against CIRI, migraine, and other cerebral vascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated.

Through-Space, Lone-Pair Promoted Aromatic Substitution: A Relay Mechanism Can Beat Out Direct Activation.

We report a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of through-space arene activation with halogens, tetrazoles and achiral esters and amides. Contrary to previously assumed direct activation through σ-complex stabilization, our results suggest that these reactions proceed by a relay mechanism wherein the lone pair-containing activators form exothermic π-complexes with electrophilic nitronium ion before transferring it to the probe ring through low barrier transition states. Noncovalent interactions (NCI) plots and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) analyses depict favorable interactions between the Lewis base (LB) and the nitronium ion in the precomplexes and the transition states, suggesting directing group participation throughout the mechanism.

Benefit-risk assessment of traditional Chinese medicine preparations of sinomenine using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: A multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) model was used to evaluate the benefits and risks of traditional Chinese medicine preparations of sinomenine alone or in combination with conventional drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to provide a basis for the rational clinical application of sinomenine.

Methods: A study search was performed using six major databases, and Review Manager 5.3 was used for data analysis.

Methodological and reporting quality evaluation of Buyang Huanwu decoction for experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: a systematic review.

Buyang Huanwu decoction, a classic traditional Chinese prescription, has been used to prevent and treat stroke for hundreds of years. An increasing number of the laboratory research on Buyang Huanwu decoction used in treating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury have been published recently. However, the problem of methodological and reporting quality of some studies is lack of assessment.

Response of vegetation phenology to urbanization in urban agglomeration areas: A dynamic urban-rural gradient perspective.

Being an important theme in global warming, the response of vegetation phenology to urbanization has become an increasing concern at both the local and global levels. Previous studies have focused on spatial or temporal responses across urban-rural gradients; thus, the influence of urbanization on vegetation phenology along the dynamic urbanization gradient has not been well quantified. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the response of vegetation phenology to urbanization in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GHM-GBA) from a dynamic urban-rural gradient perspective.

The antidepressant effects and serum metabonomics of bifid triple viable capsule in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Background: Probiotics have shown potential antidepressant effects. This study evaluated the effect and probable mechanisms of bifid triple viable capsules (BTVCs) on a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).

Materials And Methods: Rats were randomly divided into Normal, CUMS model, fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX), BTVCs, and FLX+BTVCs groups.

Umbilical acupuncture for insomnia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Insomnia is characterized by high incidence, easy recurrence, and difficulty in curing. Serious insomnia not only seriously affects the body organ function but also causes great damage psychological.Umbilical acupuncture (UA) has fewer side effects and is increasingly used to treat insomnia.

Photoredox/nickel dual catalyzed stereospecific synthesis of distal alkenyl ketones.

The selective C-C bond deconstruction/refunctionalization a photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed hydroalkylation of alkynes is developed under mild reaction conditions. In this protocol, a broad range of alkyl- and aryl-alkynes could react smoothly with cycloalkanols, affording the corresponding distal and site-specific vinyl-substituted ketones with high yields and excellent regioselectivities. Moreover, DFT calculations verified that the electron-rich behavior of aromatics and weak Brønsted bases have a common effect on the photocatalytic oxidant ring-opening of cyclobutanols.

Efficacy and safety of abdominal acupuncture for insomnia: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Insomnia is characterized by high incidence, easy recurrence, and difficulty in curing. Serious insomnia not only seriously affects the body organ function, but psychological patients also cause great damage. Abdominal acupuncture (AA) has fewer side effects and is increasingly used to treat insomnia.

Anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective effects of Chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa on rheumatoid arthritis via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease, for which no economical and safe target drug treatment is available. Chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa (CS-IVa), an active compound in Panax japonicus C.A.

An Integrated Analysis of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal the Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Formula Naotaifang in Treating Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a crucial factor leading to a poor prognosis for ischemic stroke patients. As a novel Chinese medicine formula, Naotaifang (NTF) was proven to exhibit a neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke, clinically, and to alleviate CIRI in animals. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect have not been fully elucidated.

Bouncing off walls - widths of exit channels from shallow minima can dominate selectivity control.

A selectivity model based on the widths of pathways to competing products, rather than barrier heights, is formulated for the butadiene + allyl cation reaction. This model was arrived at analysis of stationary points, intrinsic reaction coordinates, potential energy surface shapes and direct dynamics trajectories, all determined using quantum chemical methods.

Acupuncture for experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: a systematic review of methodology and reporting quality.

Objectives: Preclinical research is essential to the advancement of science but susceptible to insufficient reporting and methodological shortcomings, which compromise internal validity. We aimed to systematically assess the methodological and reporting quality of studies conducted on acupuncture for experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI).

Methods: A comprehensive search in six databases was performed for animal research concerning acupuncture for CIRI.

Dynamic Effects on Migratory Aptitudes in Carbocation Reactions.

Carbocation rearrangement reactions are of great significance to synthetic and biosynthetic chemistry. In pursuit of a scale of inherent migratory aptitude that takes into account dynamic effects, both uphill and downhill molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations were used to examine competing migration events in a model system designed to remove steric and electronic biases. The results of these simulations were combined with detailed investigations of potential energy surface topography and variational transition state theory calculations to reveal the importance of nonstatistical dynamic effects on migratory aptitude.

Regulatory Effects of Toll-like Receptor 4 Knockout on CD4 and CD8 T Lymphocytes and Interleukin-17 During Myocardial Ischemia.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important cellular transmembrane receptor and pattern-recognition signaling molecule for pathogens in the immune system. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) plays an important role in myocardial ischemia (MI) and reperfusion through a TLR4-mediated inflammatory response. T lymphocytes are involved in MI injury; however, the specific mechanisms underlying this role remain unclear.

Computational Prediction of Antiangiogenesis Synergistic Mechanisms of Total Saponins of Against Rheumatoid Arthritis.

To investigate the anti-angiogenesis mechanisms and key targets of total saponins of (TSPJ) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RStudio3.6.