Loss of SUR2 alters the composition of ceramides and shortens chronological lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Sphingolipids are crucial components of cell membranes and serve as important signaling molecules. Ceramide, as the central hub of sphingolipid metabolism, plays a significant role in various biological processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, and cellular aging. Alterations in sphingolipid metabolism are implicated in cellular aging, however, the specific sphingolipid components and intrinsic mechanisms that mediate this process remain largely uncharacterized.

High-speed secure key distribution based on interference spectrum-shift keying with signal mutual modulation in commonly driven chaos synchronization.

The secure key generation and distribution (SKGD) are unprecedentedly important for a modern secure communication system. This paper proposes what we believe to be a novel scheme of high-speed key distribution based on interference spectrum-shift keying with signal mutual modulation in commonly driven chaos synchronization. In this scheme, delay line interferometers (DLI) are utilized to generate two low-correlation interference spectra from commonly driven synchronous chaos, and then a 2 × 2 optical switch can effectively change the relationship between the two interference spectra in post-processing by shifting the states of the switch.

Abnormal neonatal brain microstructure in gestational diabetes mellitus revealed by MRI texture analysis.

To investigate the value of MRI texture analysis in evaluating the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on neonatal brain microstructure development, we retrospectively collected images of neonates undergoing head MRI scans, including a GDM group (N1 = 37) and a healthy control group (N2 = 34). MaZda texture analysis software was used to extract the texture features from different sequence images and perform dimensionality reduction, and then the texture features selected by the lowest misjudgement rate method were imported into SPSS software for statistical analysis. In our study, we found that GDM affects the development of the microstructure of the neonatal brain, and different combinations of texture features have different recognition performances, such as different sequences and different brain regions.

Private correlated random bit generation based on synchronized wideband physical entropy sources with hybrid electro-optic nonlinear transformation.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, private correlated random bit generation (CRBG) scheme based on commonly driven induced synchronization of two wideband physical entropy sources, which employs an open-loop distributed feedback laser followed by a hybrid electro-optic nonlinear transformation hardware module for effective bandwidth expansion and privacy enhancement. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer followed by an electro-optic self-feedback phase modulation loop as well as a dispersion element are constructed as a private hardware module to perform post-processing and nonlinear transformation of the synchronized signal. A record high rate of 5.

Modifying the STM tip for the ' ultimate ' imaging of the Si(111)-7×7 surface and metal-supported molecules.

We report on high-resolution STM measurements with modified probe tips. First, both the rest atoms and adatoms of a Si(111)-7×7 surface are observed simultaneously. The visibility of rest atoms is dependent upon the sample bias voltage (less than -0.

A close look at proteins: submolecular resolution of two- and three-dimensionally folded cytochrome c at surfaces.

Imaging of individual protein molecules at the single amino acid level has so far not been possible due to the incompatibility of proteins with the vacuum environment necessary for high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. Here we demonstrate electrospray ion beam deposition of selectively folded and unfolded cytochrome c protein ions on atomically defined solid surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum (10(-10) mbar) and achieve unprecedented resolution with scanning tunneling microscopy. On the surface folded proteins are found to retain their three-dimensional structure.

Crystalline inverted membranes grown on surfaces by electrospray ion beam deposition in vacuum.

Crystalline inverted membranes of the nonvolatile surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate are found on solid surfaces after electrospray ion beam deposition (ES-IBD) of large SDS clusters in vacuum. This demonstrates the equivalence of ES-IBD to conventional molecular beam epitaxy.

The quantum magnetism of individual manganese-12-acetate molecular magnets anchored at surfaces.

The high intrinsic spin and long spin relaxation time of manganese-12-acetate (Mn(12)) makes it an archetypical single molecular magnet. While these characteristics have been measured on bulk samples, questions remain whether the magnetic properties replicate themselves in surface supported isolated molecules, a prerequisite for any application. Here we demonstrate that electrospray ion beam deposition facilitates grafting of intact Mn(12) molecules on metal as well as ultrathin insulating surfaces enabling submolecular resolution imaging by scanning tunneling microscopy.

Polymorphism and chiral expression in two-dimensional subphthalocyanine crystals on Au(111).

The adsorption of subphthalocyanine (SubPc) on the Au(111) surface has been studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). Depending on coverage and deposition temperature, four different phases have been observed, of which two are coexisting. Spontaneous symmetry breaking inducing mirror domains is observed for all structures.

Electrospray ion beam deposition: soft-landing and fragmentation of functional molecules at solid surfaces.

The ion beam deposition (IBD) of rhodamine dye molecules on solid surfaces in high vacuum is explored in order to characterize the possibility of fabricating molecular coatings or nanostructures from nonvolatile molecules. Molecular ion beams with a well-defined composition are deposited on silicon oxide surfaces with a controlled kinetic energy. Photoluminescence spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) are employed in order to characterize the sample with respect to coverage, homogeneity, and the fraction of intact landed ions (soft-landing ratio).