Steric Hindrance Engineering to Modulate the Closed Pores Formation of Polymer-Derived Hard Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The closed pores play a critical role in improving the sodium storage capacity of hard carbon (HC) anode, however, their formation mechanism as well as the efficient modulation strategy at molecular level in the polymer-derived HCs is still lacking. In this work, the steric hindrance effect has been proposed to create closed pores in the polymer-derived HCs for the first time through grafting the aromatic rings within and between the main chains in the precursor. The experimental data and theoretical calculation demonstrate that steric-hindrance effect from the aromatic ring side group can increase backbone rigidity and the internal free volumes in the polymer precursor, which can prevent the over graphitization and facilitate the formation of closed pores during the carbonization process.

Effect of Oral Hydration on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury among Patients after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of oral hydration volume to weight ratio (OHV/W) on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 754 patients with STEMI undergoing PCI were selected. Each patient was encouraged to drink as much water as possible 24 h after PCI.

Optical homogeneity measurement of parallel plates by wavelength-tuning interferometry using nonuniform fast Fourier transform.

Wavelength-tuning interferometry is commonly employed to measure the optical homogeneity of parallel plates. However, the nonlinearity of phase shifts caused by wavelength tuning errors and environmental vibration leads to a spatially uniform error in the calculated phase distribution. Herein, a wavelength-tuning interferometry method based on nonuniform fast Fourier transform (WTI-NUFFT) was developed, which solves the spectral aliasing resulting from the spatially uniform error.