Gen. nov. and Gen. nov., Two New Genera Revealed by Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidences in the Family Boletaceae from Subtropical China.

Boletaceae, the largest and most diverse family of Boletales (Agaricomycetes and Basidiomycota), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many taxa have been described in China, the diversity of the family still remains incompletely understood. In the present study, gen.

Characterization and Bioactive Metabolite Profiling of sp. Y009: A Mangrove-Derived with Anticancer and Antioxidant Potential.

Microorganisms from poorly explored environments are promising sources for the development of novel drugs. In our continuous efforts to screen for mangrove actinomycetes that produce metabolites with potential pharmaceutical applications, sp. Y009 was isolated from mangrove sediments in Guangxi, China.

Production of ultra-high-molecular-weight poly-γ-glutamic acid by a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis strain and genomic and transcriptomic analyses.

Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a microbial-derived polymer with molecular weight (Mw) from 10 to 10 Da, and the high-Mw (> 7.0 × 10 Da) or ultra-high-Mw (> 5.0 × 10 Da) γ-PGA has important application value as a tissue engineering material, as a flocculant, and as a heavy metal remover.

Four New Species of (Boletaceae, Boletales) from Hainan Island, Tropical China.

, one of the most noticeable genera of Boletaceae (Boletales), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many studies have focused on in China, the diversity still remains incompletely understood. In the present study, several collections of from Hainan Island, tropical China were studied based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phlebopus portentosus polysaccharide and their antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis from fungi polysaccharides are attracting increasing attention owing to their distinctive features and special applications in numerous fields. In this study, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly biosynthesizing AgNPs method with no toxic chemicals involved from the fruiting body polysaccharide of Phlebopus portentosus (PPP) was established and optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The optimum synthesis conditions of polysaccharide-AgNPs (PPP-AgNPs) were identified to be the reaction time of 140 min, reaction temperature of 94 °C, and the PPP: AgNO ratio of 1:11.

Structural characterization, and in vitro hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide from the mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis.

A polysaccharide CY-2 from C. yunnanensis was obtained through a process of consecutive water extraction, alcohol precipitation, and DEAE-52 fast-flow chromatography. CY-2, with an average molecular weight of 2.

Extraction, Characterization, and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Neutral Polysaccharide from the New Medicinal Mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis (Agaricomycetes).

Polysaccharides serve as promising ingredients for health-beneficial functional foods, while there were no investigations into the structural characterizations and bioactivities of an edible mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis. In the study, crude polysaccharides from this mushroom were extracted by hot water and isolated by ethanol precipitation. Then, a neutral polysaccharide (named CY-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharide by deproteinization with Sevag reagent, decolorization with a kind of macroporous adsorption resin SP-825, DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and dialysis.

Enhanced Production of Poly-γ-glutamic Acid by Bacillus subtilis Using Stage-controlled Fermentation and Viscosity Reduction Strategy.

In this study, the production of poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) by Bacillus subtilis using stage-controlled fermentation and viscosity reduction strategy was investigated in detail. Based on the single-factor optimization experiment, temperature (42 °C and 37 °C), pH (7.0 and uncontrolled), aeration rate (1.

Efficient Production of Melanin by Aureobasidium Melanogenum Using a Simplified Medium and pH-Controlled Fermentation Strategy with the Cell Morphology Analysis.

Natural melanin is a biopolymer with wide application prospects in medicine, food, cosmetics, environmental protection, agriculture, and so on. Microbial fermentation is an important and effective way to produce melanin. In this study, Aureobasidium melanogenum, known as black yeast with cellular pleomorphism, was used for the production of melanin.

Notes on four species of subgenus (Russulaceae, Russulales) from southern China.

, one of the main subgenus of (Russulaceae, Russulales), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many studies have focused on subgenus in China, the diversity, taxonomy, and molecular phylogeny still remained incompletely understood. In the present study, two new species, and , and two known taxa, and were described based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S DNA sequences with new collections of subgenus from southern China.

Updated taxonomy of Chinese subgenera and (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales): Three new taxa and amended descriptions of one previous species.

, one of the main genera of Hydnaceae (Cantharellales), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many studies have focused on this genus in China, the taxonomy should be further updated. In the present study, subgenera and were investigated based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses with new collections from China.

Purification and Structure Characterization of the Crude Polysaccharide from the Fruiting Bodies of and Its Modulation Effects on Gut Microbiota.

Polysaccharides from the species of Boletaceae (Boletales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) are economically significant to both functional foods and medicinal industries. The crude polysaccharide from (BPP) was prepared, and its physicochemical properties were characterized through the use of consecutive experimental apparatus, and its impact on the gut microbiota of Kunming mice was evaluated. Analyses of the structure characteristics revealed that BPP was mainly composed of Man, Glc, and Gal, possessing the pyranose ring and β/α-glycosidic linkages.

Preparation, structural characterisation, and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from eight boletes (Boletales) in tropical China.

Polysaccharides in boletes (Boletales) are economically significant to both function food and medicinal industries. The polysaccharides were extracted from the fruit bodies of eight boletes, namely, , which were collected from tropical China; their physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities were characterised and evaluated, respectively. The results revealed that the polysaccharides among the eight boletes were mainly composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose, with a broad molecular weight range, and contained a pyranose ring revealed by FT-IR and NMR spectral analyses.

A Contribution to Knowledge of (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) in China: Three New Taxa and Amended Descriptions of Two Previous Species.

Species of (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) in China are investigated on the basis of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuc 28S rDNA D1-D2 domains (28S) and nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Five species are recognized in China, of which three of them are described as new, viz.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidences Reveal Four New Species of Subgenus (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) From China.

Species of subgenus are interesting and important for their mycorrhizal properties, medicinal values, and edibility. In China, there are many undescribed species of the subgenus. In this study, four new species of subg.

Rubroboletus flammeus (Boletaceae, Boletales), a novel species unveiled from subtropical China based on morphological and phylogenetic evidences.

Rubroboletus flammeus is described as a new species from subtropical China based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. It is morphologically characterized by a red to fiery-red basidioma with a dry pileus, a context in pileus white but that in stipe bright yellow, a stipe densely covered with spots, a blue color change of tissues, and a trichoderm-type pileipellis. Detailed descriptions, color photographs of fresh basidiomata, and line drawings of microscopic features of the new species are presented.

Purification and Characterization of a Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Marine Z01 and Assessment of Its Therapeutic Efficacy In Vivo.

Fibrinolytic enzymes are the most effective agents for the treatment of thrombotic diseases. In the present study, we purified and characterized an extracellular fibrinolytic serine metalloprotease (named Velefibrinase) that is produced by marine Z01 and assessed its thrombolysis in vivo. SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses showed that the molecular mass of Velefibrinase was 32.

, a new tropical bolete from Hainan, southern China.

(, ) is described as a new species from Yinggeling of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, southern China. It is morphologically characterized by a large basidioma with a nearly glabrous, brownish yellow, yellowish brown to pale brown pileus, pores orangish red when young, yellowish brown to brown when old, context and hymenophore staining blue when injured, a yellow stipe with red punctuations, surfaces of the pileus and the stipe usually covered with a thin layer of white pruina when young. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from part of the 28S gene, the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene () also confirm that forms an independent lineage within .

An effective combination of codon optimization, gene dosage, and process optimization for high-level production of fibrinolytic enzyme in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris).

Background: As a main drug for diseased thrombus, some clinically used thrombolytic agents have various disadvantages, safer novel thrombolytic agents are of great demand. This study aimed to achieve high and efficient production of a fibrinolytic enzyme with superior enzymatic properties, by a combination strategy of codon optimization, gene dosage and process optimization in Komagataella phaffii (K. phaffii).

Effects of cell physiological structure on the fermentation broth viscosity during poly-γ-glutamic acid production by Bacillus subtilis GXA-28.

The high viscosity of fermentation broth limited the further improvement of PGA titer. Our previous studies indicated that adding KCl to the medium could decrease the fermentation broth viscosity and improve the PGA titer. In order to clarify the reason, effects of cell physiological structure on the fermentation broth viscosity were investigated.

Poly(malic acid) production from liquefied corn starch by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with a novel isolated Aureobasidium pullulans GXL-1 strain and its techno-economic analysis.

In this study, a novel Aureobasidium pullulans GXL-1 strain without melanin secretion was isolated for efficient polymalic acid (PMA) production. The PMA produced by GXL-1 was characterized, and its molecular mass was determined to be 1.621 kDa by gel permeation chromatography.

Investigations in ultrasound-assisted anticoagulant production by marine Bacillus subtilis ZHX.

Anticoagulants are the main drugs for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolism. However, most of the present anticoagulants have shortcomings and novel anticoagulants are in great demand. Marine microorganisms are an important source of new drugs.

Development of a strategy for the screening of α-glucosidase-producing microorganisms.

α-Glucosidase is a crucial enzyme for the production of isomaltooligosaccharide. In this study, a novel method comprising eosin Y (EY) and α-D-methylglucoside (AMG) in glass plates was tested for the primary screening of α-glucosidaseproducing strains. First, α-glucosidase-producing Aspergillus niger strains were selected on plates containing EY and AMG based on transparent zone formation resulting from the solubilization of EY by the hydrolyzed product.

Purification and biochemical characteristics of a novel fructosyltransferase with a high FOS transfructosylation activity from Aspergillus oryzae S719.

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have widely used for the manufacture of low-calorie and functional foods, because they can inhibit intestinal pathogenic microorganism growth and increase the absorption of Ca and Mg. In this study, the novel fructosyltransferase (FTase) from Aspergillus oryzae strain S719 was successfully purified and characterized. The specific activity of the final purified material was 4200 mg with purification ratio of 66 times and yield of 26%.

An overview of the biological production of 1-deoxynojirimycin: current status and future perspective.

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a representative iminopyranose, is widely used in anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity applications. It naturally exists in plants, insects, and the culture broth of some microbes as a secondary metabolite product. However, the content of DNJ in plants and insects is relatively low, which is an obstacle to investigating DNJ in terms of structure-function relationships and restricts large-scale industrial production.