Convergence of resistance and evolutionary responses in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica co-inhabiting chicken farms in China.

Sharing of genetic elements among different pathogens and commensals inhabiting same hosts and environments has significant implications for antimicrobial resistance (AMR), especially in settings with high antimicrobial exposure. We analysed 661 Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates collected within and across hosts and environments, in 10 Chinese chicken farms over 2.5 years using data-mining methods.

Changes of gluteus medius muscle in the adult patients with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Background: The gluteus medius muscle is essential for gait and hip stability. Changes that occur in the gluteus medius muscles in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are not well understood. A better understanding of DDH related changes will have positive repercussions toward hip soft tissue reconstruction.

[Study of inducing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes in vitro].

Objective: To explore a method of isolation, culture and chondrogenic phenotype differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) from the bone marrow of rats in vitro and to offer experimental reference for the resources of seeding cells in cartilage tissue engineering.

Methods: MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and purified by density gradient centrifuge and cultured in vitro. The MSC adherence formed and those in passage 3 were chosen to induce into chondrogenic differentiation.

[Combination surface shaded display with multiplanar reconstruction in the evaluation of acetabular morphologies in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip before total hip arthroplasty].

Objective: To explore the methods and application value of surface shaded display (SSD) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in the evaluation of acetabular morphology in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) before total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: From October 2003 to November 2006, 17 patients (3 males and 14 females, aging from 35 years to 61 years) with osteoarthritis secondary to DDH were scanned with spiral CT preoperatively. According to the Crowe standard, 19 dysplasia hips were classified as type I in 4 hips, type II in 9 hips, type III in 6 hips.

Interactions between effects of estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms on BMD and experiences of the first spermorrhea in Chinese Han boys.

Objective: To study the interaction between polymorphisms of estrogen receptor (ER) gene and puberty on bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: One hundred and forty-six boys aged 13-17 years were divided into two groups according to their first spermorrhea. DNA was analyzed for Xba I and Pvu II genotypes by PCR-RFLP.

[Relationships among vitamin D receptor gene and calcium absorption, bone mass].

The association between vitamin D receptor gene polypmorphisms and bone mass is controversial. Many studies have found polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene be associated with bone mass. But some studies show no association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and bone mass.