Cellular crosstalk in the bone marrow niche.

The bone marrow niche is a special microenvironment that comprises elements, including hematopoietic stem cells, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells, and helps maintain their characteristic functions. Here, we elaborate on the crosstalk between various cellular components, hematopoietic stem cells, and other cells in the bone marrow niche. We further explain the mechanism of preserving equilibrium in the bone marrow niche, which is crucial for the directional regulation of bone reconstruction and repair.

TMEM16 proteins: Ca‑activated chloride channels and phospholipid scramblases as potential drug targets (Review).

TMEM16 proteins, which function as Ca‑activated Cl channels are involved in regulating a wide variety of cellular pathways and functions. The modulators of Cl channels can be used for the molecule‑based treatment of respiratory diseases, cystic fibrosis, tumors, cancer, osteoporosis and coronavirus disease 2019. The TMEM16 proteins link Ca signaling, cellular electrical activity and lipid transport.

Arthroscopy-Assisted Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Internal Fixation for Medial Malleolus Fracture.

Background: Arthroscopy-assisted closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation is a minimally invasive technique for medial malleolus fracture treatment. The purpose of the study was to assess the quality and functional outcomes of this technique.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with combined medial malleolus fractures were treated with arthroscopy-assisted closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation technique.

Ion channel-mediated mitochondrial volume regulation and its relationship with mitochondrial dynamics.

The mitochondrion, one of the important cellular organelles, has the major function of generating adenosine triphosphate and plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, governing signal transduction, regulating membrane potential, controlling programmed cell death and modulating cell proliferation. The dynamic balance of mitochondrial volume is an important factor required for maintaining the structural integrity of the organelle and exerting corresponding functions. Changes in the mitochondrial volume are closely reflected in a series of biological functions and pathological changes.

Unlocking the potential of platinum drugs: organelle-targeted small-molecule platinum complexes for improved anticancer performance.

Platinum-based drugs have revolutionized cancer chemotherapy; however, their therapeutic efficacy has been limited by severe side effects and drug resistance. Recently, approaches that target specific organelles in cancer cells have emerged as attractive alternatives to overcome these challenges. Many studies have validated these strategies and highlighted that organelle-targeted platinum complexes demonstrate increased anticancer activity, the ability to overcome drug resistance, novel molecular mechanisms, or even lower toxicity.

Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review).

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, secondary bone hyperplasia, inadequate extracellular matrix synthesis and degeneration of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self‑renew and undergo multidirectional differentiation; they can differentiate into chondrocytes. Aging MSCs have a weakened ability to differentiate, and release various pro‑inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to OA progression; the other mechanism contributing to OA is epigenetic regulation (for instance, DNA methylation, histone modification and regulation of non‑coding RNA).

Inhibitor screening for volume-sensitive LRRC8A chloride channel.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 8 A (LRRC8A) protein is a critical member of volume-regulated anion channels. It plays a critical roles in the regulation of cellular volume and involves in the development of diseases like osteoarthritis. Screening of lead compounds to modulate its function may provide potential therapeutics of related diseases.

Analysis of genetic biomarkers, polymorphisms in ADME-related genes and their impact on pharmacotherapy for prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a non-cutaneous malignancy in males with wide variation in incidence rates across the globe. It is the second most reported cause of cancer death. Its etiology may have been linked to genetic polymorphisms, which are not only dominating cause of malignancy casualties but also exerts significant effects on pharmacotherapy outcomes.

Near-infrared-activated anticancer platinum(IV) complexes directly photooxidize biomolecules in an oxygen-independent manner.

Conventional light-driven cancer therapeutics require oxygen and visible light to indirectly damage biomolecules, limiting their efficacy in deep, hypoxic tumours. Here we report the use of near-infrared-activated small-molecule Pt(IV) photooxidants to directly oxidize intracellular biomolecules in an oxygen-independent manner, achieving controllable and effective elimination of cancer stem cells. These Pt(IV) complexes accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum and show low toxicity in the dark.

Open Versus Arthroscopic Latarjet for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The open Latarjet (OL) procedure and arthroscopic Latarjet (AL) procedure are able to treat recurrent anterior shoulder instability (RASI) with high success rates.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and postoperative revisions and complications between the OL and AL procedures in the treatment of RASI.

Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.

An ultrasound-activatable platinum prodrug for sono-sensitized chemotherapy.

Despite the great success achieved by photoactivated chemotherapy, eradicating deep tumors using external sources with high tissue penetration depth remains a challenge. Here, we present cyaninplatin, a paradigm of Pt(IV) anticancer prodrug that can be activated by ultrasound in a precise and spatiotemporally controllable manner. Upon sono-activation, mitochondria-accumulated cyaninplatin exhibits strengthened mitochondrial DNA damage and cell killing efficiency, and the prodrug overcomes drug resistance as a consequence of combined effects from released Pt(II) chemotherapeutics, the depletion of intracellular reductants, and the burst of reactive oxygen species, which gives rise to a therapeutic approach, namely sono-sensitized chemotherapy (SSCT).

Beyond mere DNA damage: Recent progress in platinum(IV) anticancer complexes containing multi-functional axial ligands.

The clinical application of Pt-based anticancer drugs has inspired the development of novel chemotherapeutic metallodrugs with improved efficacies. Pt(IV) prodrugs are one of the most promising successors of Pt(II) drugs and have displayed great anticancer performance. In particular, judicious modification of axial ligands endows Pt(IV) complexes with unique properties that enable them to overcome the limitations of conventional Pt(II) drugs.

Constructing Co@TiO Nanoarray Heterostructure with Schottky Contact for Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate (NO ) reduction reaction (NO RR) is a potential sustainable route for large-scale ambient ammonia (NH ) synthesis and regulating the nitrogen cycle. However, as this reaction involves multi-electron transfer steps, it urgently needs efficient electrocatalysts on promoting NH  selectivity. Herein, a rational design of Co nanoparticles anchored on TiO  nanobelt array on titanium plate (Co@TiO /TP) is presented as a high-efficiency electrocatalyst for NO RR.

LncRNA AC108925 promotes osteoblast differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells by targeting miR-146a-3p.

It has been reported that tendon-derived stem cells(TDSCs) conduce to the ostosis in tendon diseases, and the molecular mechanism needs to be discussed. To investigate the function and mechanism of LncRNA in tendinopathy. Tendon of tendinopathy patients and health controls were obtained, and sequencing analysis have been performed to detect the significantly expressed genes and non-coding RNAs.

Unveiling selective nitrate reduction to ammonia with CoO nanosheets/TiO nanobelt heterostructure catalyst.

Electrochemical nitrate (NO) reduction reaction (NORR) possesses two-pronged properties for sustainable ammonia (NH) synthesis and mitigating NO contamination in water. However, the sluggish kinetics for the direct eight-electron NO-to-NH conversion makes a formidable challenge to develop efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, we report a heterostructure of CoO nanosheets decorated TiO nanobelt array on titanium plate (CoO@TiO/TP) as an efficient NORR electrocatalyst.

High-Efficiency Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on a CoO Nanoarray Catalyst with Cobalt Vacancies.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) affords a bifunctional character in the carbon-free ammonia synthesis and remission of nitrate pollution in water. Here, we fabricated the CoO nanosheet array with cobalt vacancies on carbon cloth (v-CoO/CC) by in situ etching aluminum-doped CoO/CC, which exhibits an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 97.2% and a large NH yield as high as 517.

Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis characterizing bronchoalveolar epithelial cells in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been reported to be the main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells. Understanding the changes in bronchoalveolar epithelial cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells and the intercellular communication relationship between these epithelial cell changes and immune cells is of great significance for the development of therapeutic methods.

Methods: We explored the single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) of cells infected with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BaLF) of patients with different severities of SARS-CoV-2 and healthy people.

Arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligaments with allograft: single-tunnel single-bundle versus single-tunnel double-bundle techniques.

Purpose: To compare the clinical results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the single-tunnel single-bundle (STSB) technique versus the single-tunnel double-bundle (STDB) technique.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center, single-surgeon study based on data collected from March 2012 to June 2013. According to our inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 78 patients (64 males, 14 females; mean age, 25.

The Homeostasis of Cartilage Matrix Remodeling and the Regulation of Volume-Sensitive Ion Channel.

Degenerative joint diseases of the hips and knees are common and are accompanied by severe pain and movement disorders. At the microscopic level, the main characteristics of osteoarthritis are the continuous destruction and degeneration of cartilage, increased cartilage extracellular matrix catabolism, decreased anabolism, increased synovial fluid, and decreased osmotic pressure. Cell volume stability is mainly regulated by ion channels, many of which are expressed in chondrocytes.

LncRNA MALAT1 promotes tenogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells via regulating the miR-378a-3p/MAPK1 axis.

Tendinopathy is a type of chronic injury caused by repeated pulling. Previous studies have reported that long non-coding RNA MALAT1 (MALAT1) regulates a variety of genes affecting bone metabolism. This study aimed to explore the role of the MALAT1 in tendon injury and .

ANLN and UBE2T are prognostic biomarkers associated with immune regulation in breast cancer: a bioinformatics analysis.

Objectives: To screen and verify differential genes affecting the prognosis of breast cancer.

Methods: Breast cancer gene expression datasets were downloaded from the GEO database, and original data were analyzed in R. The TIMER database was used to analyze the relationship between ANLN and UBE2T and immune cell infiltration.

The Mechanism of Bone Remodeling After Bone Aging.

Senescence mainly manifests as a series of degenerative changes in the morphological structure and function of the body. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease characterized by destruction of bone microstructure, low bone mineral content, decreased bone strength, and increased brittleness and fracture susceptibility. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes are the main cellular components of bones.