Inverse design workflow discovers hole-transport materials tailored for perovskite solar cells.

The inverse design of tailored organic molecules for specific optoelectronic devices of high complexity holds an enormous potential but has not yet been realized. Current models rely on large data sets that generally do not exist for specialized research fields. We demonstrate a closed-loop workflow that combines high-throughput synthesis of organic semiconductors to create large datasets and Bayesian optimization to discover new hole-transporting materials with tailored properties for solar cell applications.

Cylindrical vector beam multiplexing holography employing spin-decoupled phase modulation metasurface.

Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) hold considerable promise as high-capacity information carriers for multiplexing holography due to their mode orthogonality. In CVB holography, phase holograms are encoded onto the wave-front of CVBs with different mode orders while preserving their independence during reconstruction. However, a major challenge lies in the limited ability to manipulate the spatial phase and polarization distribution of CVBs independently.

Assessment of urban flood resilience based on the socio-ecological composite index model: a case study in Wuhua District, Kunming City, China.

Global climate change and rapid urbanization have increased the frequency of flooding, making urban flood resilience a critical objective. This article introduces a methodology for assessing urban flood resilience, utilizing a social-ecological synthesis index that integrates geographical and temporal data with Geographic Information System (GIS). The study focuses on ten administrative subdistricts in Wuhua District, Kunming City, China, and selects 18 social-ecological indicators.

Preliminary Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Novel Protein-Based Pneumococcal Vaccine in Healthy Adults Aged 18-49: A Phase Ia Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.

: Protein-based pneumococcal vaccines (PBPVs) may offer expanded protection against and tackle the antimicrobial resistance crisis in pneumococcal infections. This study examined the safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults vaccinated with three doses of a protein-based pneumococcal vaccine containing pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) (PRX1, P3296 and P5668) and in combination with a recombinant detoxified pneumolysin protein (PlyLD). : This phase Ia randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study enrolled healthy adults aged 18-49 years.

Cross-connection of multiplexed cylindrical vector beams using off-axis spin-decoupled metasurfaces.

Cylindrical vector beam (CVB) multiplexing communication demands effective mode cross-connection techniques to establish communication networks. While methods like polarized grating and coordinate transformation have been developed for (de)multiplexing CVB modes, challenges persist in the cross-connection of these multiplexed mode channels, including multi-mode conversion and inhomogeneous polarization control. Herein, we present an independent off-axis spin-orbit interaction strategy utilizing spin-decoupled metasurfaces.

A Long Photoperiod Promoted the Development, Reproduction, and Predation of Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) at an Average Greenhouse Temperature during the Winter.

To explore the feasibility of adjusting the photoperiod to regulate the life parameters and predation ability of Pallas in greenhouses during the winter, life tables were constructed for under the three following photoperiods: 9L:15D (light/dark), 12L:12D, and 16L:8D at 15 °C, an average greenhouse temperature during the winter when aphids severely damage vegetables. The effects of photoperiods on predation by this ladybird were tested in both laboratory and greenhouse settings. The results showed that increased illumination promoted the development and reproduction of ; under medium and long photoperiods, the pre-adult periods were 3.

The anti-depression effect and potential mechanism of the petroleum ether fraction of CDB: Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics.

The combination of Chaidangbo (CDB) is an antidepressant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription simplified by Xiaoyaosan (a classic antidepressant TCM prescription) through dismantling research, which has the effect of dispersing stagnated liver qi and nourishing blood in TCM theory. Although the antidepressant effect of CBD has been confirmed in animal studies, the material basis and possible molecular mechanism for antidepressant activity in CBD have not been clearly elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effects and potential mechanisms of CDB antidepressant fraction (petroleum ether fraction of CDB, PEFC) on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behavior in mice using network pharmacology and metabolomics.

Self-adjuvanting polymeric nanovaccines enhance IFN production and cytotoxic T cell response.

Vaccines represent one of the most powerful and cost-effective innovations for controlling a wide range of infectious diseases caused by various viruses and bacteria. Unlike mRNA and DNA-based vaccines, subunit vaccines carry no risk of insertional mutagenesis and can be lyophilized for convenient transportation and long-term storage. However, existing adjuvants are often associated with toxic effect and reactogenicity, necessitating expanding the repertoire of adjuvants with better biocompatibility, for instance, designing self-adjuvating polymeric carriers.

Multi-dimensional cylindrical vector beam (de)multiplexing through cascaded wavelength- and polarization-sensitive metasurfaces.

Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) exhibit great potential for multiplexing communication, owing to their mode orthogonality and compatibility with conventional wavelength multiplexing techniques. However, the practical application of CVB multiplexing communication faces challenges due to the lack of effective spatial polarization manipulation technologies for (de)multiplexing multi-dimensional physical dimensions of CVBs. Herein, we introduce a wavelength- and polarization-sensitive cascaded phase modulation strategy that utilizes multiple coaxial metasurfaces for multi-dimensional modulation of CVBs.

A Meta-Analysis of MiRNA-497 and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Recently, microRNA-497 (miR-497) has been reported as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is no systematic study summarizing these data. Herein, we elucidated the prognostic role of miR497 in HCC by using meta-analysis.

A randomized, blind, parallel controlled phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety and preliminary immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in healthy people aged 2 years and older.

Background: Despite some progress in pneumococcal immunization, the global burden of pneumococcal infection remains high, and pneumococcal disease remains a public health concern. Studies in China and abroad have found that 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) vaccination can effectively prevent invasive pneumococcal disease. This phase Ⅰ clinical study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a PPV23 vaccine candidate.

Polymer-acid-metal quasi-ohmic contact for stable perovskite solar cells beyond a 20,000-hour extrapolated lifetime.

The development of a robust quasi-ohmic contact with minimal resistance, good stability and cost-effectiveness is crucial for perovskite solar cells. We introduce a generic approach featuring a Lewis-acid layer sandwiched between dopant-free semicrystalline polymer and metal electrode in perovskite solar cells, resulting in an ideal quasi-ohmic contact even at elevated temperature up to 85 °C. The solubility of Lewis acid in alcohol facilitates nondestructive solution processing on top of polymer, which boosts hole injection from polymer into metal by two orders of magnitude.

Potential therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine in postpartum depression: Mechanisms and future directions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common psychiatric disorder in women after childbirth. Per data from epidemiologic studies, PPD affects about 5%-26.32% of postpartum mothers worldwide.

Combination of AAV-delivered tumor suppressor PTEN with anti-PD-1 loaded depot gel for enhanced antitumor immunity.

Recent clinical studies have shown that mutation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene in cancer cells may be associated with immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Therefore, efficiently restoring PTEN gene expression in cancer cells is critical to improving the responding rate to ICB therapy. Here, we screened an adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid for efficient PTEN gene delivery into B16F10 tumor cells.

Dithioethanol (DTE)-Conjugated Deoxyribose Cyclic Dinucleotide Prodrugs (DTE-dCDNs) as STING Agonist.

To improve the chemical regulation on the activity of cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), we here designed a reduction-responsive dithioethanol (DTE)-based dCDN prodrug (DTE-dCDN). Prodrug improved the cell permeability with the intracellular levels peaking in 2 h in THP-1 cells. Under the reductive substance such as GSH or DTT, prodrug could be quickly decomposed in 30 min to release the parent dCDN.

ACE2 Receptor-Targeted Inhaled Nanoemulsions Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and Attenuate Inflammatory Responses.

Three kinds of coronaviruses are highly pathogenic to humans, and two of them mainly infect humans through Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 （ACE2）receptors. Therefore, specifically blocking ACE2 binding at the interface with the receptor-binding domain is promising to achieve both preventive and therapeutic effects of coronaviruses. Alternatively, drug-targeted delivery based on ACE2 receptors can further improve the efficacy and safety of inhalation drugs.

Design, synthesis, and cell-based assay of deoxyinosine-mixed SATE-dCDN prodrugs that activate all common STING variants.

Developing therapeutic strategies to modulate the activity of all prevalent variants (wild-type, HAQ, R232H, AQ, and R293Q) of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is still of great interest to treating immune-related diseases. Herein, we synthesized six novel deoxyinosine-mixed deoxyribose cyclic dinucleotide prodrugs (SATE-dCDN) including a combination of hypoxanthine and other bases (A, U, C, T, and G) for a cell-based assay. The HPLC assay indicated that deoxyinosine-mixed SATE (-acylthioalkyl ester)-dCDN prodrugs retained high serum stability.

Full-duplex cylindrical vector beam multiplexing communication using spin-dependent phase modulation metasurfaces.

Cylindrical vector beam (CVB) has recently gained attention as a promising carrier for signal multiplexing owing to its mode orthogonality. However, the full-duplex multiplexing communication has not been previously explored for the lack of effective technologies to parallelly couple and separate CVB modes. Herein, we present a full-duplex solution for CVB multiplexing communication that utilizes spin-dependent phase modulation metasurfaces.

[Analysis of APTT Mixing Test Results in Factor Ⅷ Inhibitor-Positive Hemophilia Patients].

Objective: To analyze the results of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) mixing test in coagulation factor Ⅷ inhibitor-positive hemophilia patients, so as to increase the value of APTT mixing test in the screen of factor Ⅷ inhibitor.

Methods: Eighty plasmas samples with different titers of coagulation factor Ⅷ inhibitors had been collected and diluted for routine immediate APTT mixing test and at 37 ℃ 2 hours incubation APTT mixing test. Fifteen samples were selected for immediate and normal temperature incubation for 15 min, 30min, 1 hour, 2 hours and 37 ℃ for 30 min, 1 hour, 2 hours APTT mixing test.

Rosmarinic acid alleviate CORT-induced depressive-like behavior by promoting neurogenesis and regulating BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling axis.

Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural phenolic acid compound with a variety of bioactive properties. However, the antidepressant activity and mechanism of RA remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of RA on chronic CORT injection induced depression-like behavior in mice.

Co-delivery of oxaliplatin prodrug liposomes with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for chemo-immunotherapy of orthotopic bladder cancer.

To reduce recurrence rate after transurethral resection of bladder tumor, long-term intravesical instillations of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and/or chemotherapeutic drugs is the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma. However, the main challenges of intravesical therapy, such as short retention time and poor permeability of drugs in the bladder, often require frequent and high-dose administrations, leading to significant adverse effects and financial burden for patients. Aiming at addressing these challenges, we developed a novel approach, in which the cell-penetrating peptide modified oxaliplatin prodrug liposomes and a low-dose BCG were co-delivered via a viscous chitosan solution (LRO-BCG/CS).

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a CpG/Alum adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (ZR202-CoV) in healthy adults: Preliminary report of a phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial.

This was a phase 1 dose-escalation study of ZR202-CoV, a recombinant protein vaccine candidate containing a pre-fusion format of the spike (S)-protein (S-trimer) combined with the dual-adjuvant system of Alum/CpG. A total of 230 participants were screened and 72 healthy adults aged 18-59 years were enrolled and randomized to receive two doses at a 28-day interval of three different ZR202-CoV formulations or normal saline. We assessed the safety for 28 days after each vaccination and collected blood samples for immunogenicity evaluation.

The antidepressant-like effects of Danzhi Xiaoyao San and its active ingredients.

Background: Depression is a severe mental illness that endangers human health. Depressed individuals are prone to sleep less and to the loss of appetite for food; their thinking and cognition processes, as well as mood, may even be affected. Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DXS), documented in the Internal Medicine Summary, has been used for hundreds of years in China and is widely applied traditionally to treat liver qi stagnation, liver and spleen blood deficiency, menstrual disorders, and spontaneous and night sweating.