Transferrin-modified carboxymethyl chitosan-chitosan nanoparticles as an efficient delivery carrier for targeted therapy of depression.

Limitations of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are responsible for the low efficacy and high toxicity of many antidepressants. However, strategies to enhance BBB targeting to improve the efficacy and safety of antidepressants remain challenging. In this study, we prepared transferrin (Tf)-functionalized chitosan (CS)-N,O-carboxymethy chitosan (NOCMS) nanosystems (NPs) (NOCMS-CS-Tf NPs), which can enhance BBB targeting in the depressive environment and allow more NPs to enter the brain.

BMSC-derived exosomal miR-219-5p alleviates ferroptosis in neuronal cells caused by spinal cord injury via the UBE2Z/NRF2 pathway.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-219-5p derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) score and tissue staining were used to assess SCI and neuronal survival in rats. The contents of Fe, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected by a kit.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics, driving factors, and health risk assessment of karst groundwater in Southwest Hubei Province, China.

In South China, karst groundwater is an important water resource for industrial, agricultural, and drinking purposes. However, karst aquifers are highly vulnerable to pollution, leading to deteriorating karst groundwater quality and posing potential health risks to local residents. In this study, 22 groundwater samples were collected from a karst aquifer in the southwestern part of Hubei Province.

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and kidney stones: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The relationship between the NHHR and kidney stone risk remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between adult NHHR and kidney stone occurrence in USA.

Methods: This study used a variety of statistical techniques such as threshold effects, subgroup analysis, smooth curve fitting, multivariate logistic regression, and data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2014.

Mechanistic study on the alleviation of postmenopausal osteoporosis by Lactobacillus acidophilus through butyrate-mediated inhibition of osteoclast activity.

In China, traditional medications for osteoporosis have significant side effects, low compliance, and high costs, making it urgent to explore new treatment options. Probiotics have demonstrated superiority in the treatment of various chronic diseases, and the reduction of bone mass in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is closely related to the degradation and metabolism of intestinal probiotics. It is crucial to explore the role and molecular mechanisms of probiotics in alleviating PMOP through their metabolites, as well as their therapeutic effects.

Circular RNA HIPK2 Promotes A1 Astrocyte Activation after Spinal Cord Injury through Autophagy and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Modulating miR-124-3p-Mediated Smad2 Repression.

Glial scarring formed by reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury (SCI) is the primary obstacle to neuronal regeneration within the central nervous system, making them a promising target for SCI treatment. Our previous studies have demonstrated the positive impact of miR-124-3p on neuronal repair, but it remains unclear how miR-124-3p is involved in autophagy or ER stress in astrocyte activation. To answer this question, the expression of A1 astrocyte-related markers at the transcriptional and protein levels after SCI was checked in RNA-sequencing data and verified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting and .

Masked Spatial-Spectral Autoencoders Are Excellent Hyperspectral Defenders.

Deep learning (DL) methodology contributes a lot to the development of hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis community. However, it also makes HSI analysis systems vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To this end, we propose a masked spatial-spectral autoencoder (MSSA) in this article under self-supervised learning theory, for enhancing the robustness of HSI analysis systems.

Transcriptomics Provides Novel Insights into the Regulatory Mechanism of IncRNA HIF1 A-AS1 on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

Introduction: Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a potentially fatal disease with a strong genetic contribution. The dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to the formation of this aneurysm. Although previous studies suggested that long non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) hypoxia inducible factor 1 α-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) exerted a vital role in the progression and pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm, we managed to find a new regulatory mechanism of HIF1A-AS1 in VSMCs via transcriptomics.

lncRNA XIST inhibition promotes M2 polarization of microglial and aggravates the spinal cord injury via regulating miR-124-3p / IRF1 axis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a high disability rate and mortality rate. Recently, LncRNA XIST has been found to be involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of XIST in the occurrence and development of SCI and the specific regulation mechanism.

Graphdiyne nanoplatforms for photothermal-ferroptosis combination therapy against glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant tumors of the central nervous system and has a poor prognosis. GBM cells are highly sensitive to ferroptosis and heat, suggesting thermotherapy-ferroptosis as a new strategy for GBM treatment. With its biocompatibility and photothermal conversion efficiency, graphdiyne (GDY) has become a high-profile nanomaterial.

Risk Factors of Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak After Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies Surgery: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: To identify potential risk factors for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage after craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomaly surgery and to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent elective CVJ anomaly surgery during a 6-year period (April 2013 to September 2019) were retrospectively included. Research data were collected from the patients' medical records and imaging systems.

Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Lipid Accumulation in NAFLD Mice via the AMPK/SIRT1 and SREBP-1c/FAS/ACC Signaling Pathways.

(RC) is a naphthoquinone ester with an anti-inflammatory activity extracted from (L.) Kurz (Rn). It has been proven to improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, but the prevention and mechanism of RC in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not clear.

LncRNA Regulates the Cellular Function of HUVECs by Globally Regulating mRNA and miRNA Expression.

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) hypoxia inducible factor 1α-antisense RNA 1 () serves critical roles in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are vulnerable to stimuli. Our previous study revealed that knockdown of reduces palmitic acid-induced apoptosis and promotes the proliferation of human VECs (HUVECs); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Oxidation towards enrofloxacin degradation over nanoscale zero-valent copper: mechanism and products.

Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a widely used veterinary fluoroquinolone antibiotic and is frequently detected in water environments. The degradation of ENR was examined utilizing molecular oxygen mediation using nanometer zero-valent copper (nZVC) as the catalyst in this work. The dosage of nZVC, initial pH, and reaction temperature were investigated as contributing factors to ENR degradation.

FeO/Porous Carbon Composite Derived from Oily Sludge Waste as an Advanced Anode Material for Supercapacitor Application.

It is urgent to improve the electrochemical performance of anode for supercapacitors. Herein, we successfully prepare FeO/porous carbon composite materials (FPC) through hydrothermal strategies by using oily sludge waste. The hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) substrate and fine loading of FeO nanorods are all important for the electrochemical performance.

Simulation study on comprehensive thermal treatment of oil sludge based on Aspen plus.

This article proposed an original comprehensive thermal treatment coupled with gasification and combustion (CGC) of oil sludge (OS), which was designed to produce hydrogen-rich syngas. Based on the experimental results of OS gasification with steam, the combustion characteristics of char from OS gasification were analyzed by thermogravimetric experiments under different heating rates of 10, 20 and 30 °C/min. The combustion process of OS gasification char can be divided into three stages, including water evaporation, volatile combustion and heavy component combustion.

Auxiliary effect of CO on pyrolysis of oily sludge.

The efficient recovery and conversion of energy in oily sludge has great prospects. In this article, the main objective is to investigate the impact of the addition of CO during the pyrolysis of oily sludge on energy recovery and conversion by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and compare the effect with the traditional pyrolysis effect from the perspective of thermal conversion behavior, products composition, and kinetics analysis. The results of the experiment showed that in the CO atmosphere, the main weight loss temperature of oily sludge was mainly concentrated in the range of 300-500 °C, which is lower than the reaction temperature range of traditional pyrolysis.

Adsorption Mechanism of Chloropropanol by Crystalline Nanocellulose.

Paper packaging materials are widely used as sustainable green materials in food packaging. The production or processing of paper materials is conducted in an environment that contains organic chlorides; therefore, potential food safety issues exist. In this study, the adsorption behavior of organic chlorides on paper materials was investigated.

A review of application and development of combustion technology for oil sludge.

Oil sludge is a typical hazardous waste in the petrochemical and electric power industry. It has complex components and special properties, and has serious hazards to humans, plants, water, and soil. Therefore, how to realize the effective disposal of oil sludge has become an urgent issue to be solved worldwide.

Characterization and in vitro assessment of three-dimensional extrusion Mg-Sr codoped SiO-complexed porous microhydroxyapatite whisker scaffolds for biomedical engineering.

Background: Large bone defects have always been a great challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The use of a good bone substitute obtained by bone tissue engineering (BTE) may be an effective treatment method. Artificial hydroxyapatite, a commonly used bone defect filler, is the main inorganic component of bones.

Nest-Like MnO Nanowire/Hierarchical Porous Carbon Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitor from Oily Sludge.

In the aim to go beyond the performance tradeoffs of classic electric double-layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance, composites made out of carbon and pseudo-capacitive materials have been a hot-spot strategy. In this paper, a nest-like MnO nanowire/hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) composite (MPC) was successfully fabricated by a controllable in situ chemical co-precipitation method from oily sludge waste. Due to the advantages of high surface area and fast charge transfer for HPC as well as the large pseudo-capacitance for MnO nanowires, the as-prepared MPC has good capacitance performance with a specific capacitance of 437.

Experimental study on gasification of oil sludge with steam and its char characteristic.

Hydrogen can be prepared by oil sludge (OS) gasification with steam, which is of great significance for industrial hazardous waste treatment and resource conservation. The gasification performance was studied by a tube furnace reactor. The OS gasification was carried out at different temperatures (600, 700, 800 and 900 °C) and with different steam to OS ratio (SOS) (0.

Hierarchical Porous Catalytic Pyrolysis Char Derived from Oily Sludge for Enhanced Adsorption.

A novel pyrolysis char (PC), prepared by HPO catalytic pyrolysis of oily sludge (OS), was presented to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution for the first time. The optimal preparation conditions (catalytic pyrolysis temperature of 411 °C, HPO impregnation ratio of 2.44, and catalytic pyrolysis time of 59 min) were predicted by the response surface methodology.

Combustion characteristics and kinetic analysis of oil sludge with CaO additive.

Combustion of High-sulfur oil sludge (OS) blended with CaO can significantly reduce the emission of sulfur gas pollutants, but its combustion and kinetic characteristics need to be further studied. TGA experiments showed the combustion characteristics of OS were significantly changed after adding CaO. As reflected by comprehensive combustion index (), the combustion performance of OS decreased after adding CaO, and significantly improved with the increase of heating rate.

Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics analysis of oil sludge with CaO additive.

In the process of exploitation, transportation and refining of high-sulfur crude oil, a large number of oil sludge (OS) with high sulfur content is produced. Pyrolysis has been proved to be an effective method for OS disposal, but for solid waste with high sulfur content, lots of sulfur-containing gases will be released during thermal disposal. The addition of calcium oxide in pyrolysis process is an economical and effective way to capture sulfur-containing gases.