Active surveillance of avian influenza in the southwestern Poyang Lake area, China: Analyzing changes in wholesale and frozen fresh retail markets post-policy implementation.

This study aims to conduct active surveillance of avian influenza in the southwestern Poyang Lake area of China and to analyze the changes in avian influenza prevalence in wholesale poultry markets and frozen fresh retail markets following the implementation of policies regulating frozen fresh poultry products. The type A avian influenza virus nucleic acids were detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR), and a triplex real-time RT-PCR assay kit specific for H5/H7/H9 RNA was utilized on the influenza A-positive samples to differentiate among the avian influenza virus subtypes. From October 2020 to June 2024, the positivity rate of the live poultry wholesale market was 59.

Inhibition of XPR1-dependent phosphate efflux induces mitochondrial dysfunction: A potential molecular target therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma?

Xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 (XPR1) is the only known transporter associated with Pi efflux in mammals, and its impact on tumor progression is gradually being revealed. However, the role of XPR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. A bioinformatics screen for the phosphate exporter XPR1 was performed in HCC patients.

Salvage surgery and conversion surgery for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A narrative review.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. With the development of screening, patient selection and treatment strategies, patients' survival outcomes and living quality significantly improved. However, some patients still have local recurrence or residual tumors after receiving definitive therapies.

Molecular engineering of a theranostic molecule that detects Aβ plaques, inhibits Iowa and Dutch mutation Aβ self-aggregation and promotes lysosomal biogenesis for Alzheimer's disease.

Extracellular clustering of amyloid-β (Aβ) and an impaired autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP) are the hallmark features in the early stages of incurable Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is a pressing need to find or develop new small molecules for diagnostics and therapeutics for the early stages of AD. Herein, we report a small molecule, namely F-SLCOOH, which can bind and detect Aβ, Iowa mutation Aβ, Dutch mutation Aβ fibrils and oligomers exhibiting enhanced emission with high affinity.

Prognostic factors for patients with pathologic T1-T2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study with external validation.

Background: Lymph node metastasis is significantly associated with a worse prognosis in patients with localized early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the prognostic factors and develop a nomogram for predicting survival in patients with pathologic T1-2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Between 2014 and 2022, patients with pT1-2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy at 2 institutes were reviewed and assigned to training and external validation cohorts.

Wastewater surveillance together with metaviromic data revealed the unusual resurgence of infectious diseases after the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak.

How to address public health priorities after COVID-19 is becoming a critical task. To this end, we conducted wastewater surveillance for six leading pathogens, namely, SARS-CoV-2, norovirus, rotavirus, influenza A virus (IAV), enteroviruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), in Nanchang city from January to April 2023. Metaviromic sequencing was conducted at the 1st, 4th, 7th, 9th, 12th and 14th weeks to reveal the dynamics of viral pathogens that were not covered by qPCR.

Ultrasound-based radiomics machine learning models for diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a multicentre study.

Background: Cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an important prognostic factor for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to develop and validate machine learning models that use ultrasound radiomic and descriptive semantic features to diagnose cervical LNM in patients with NSCLC.

Methods: This study included NSCLC patients who underwent neck ultrasound examination followed by cervical lymph node (LN) biopsy between January 2019 and January 2022 from three institutes.

Dual-Region Computed Tomography Radiomics-Based Machine Learning Predicts Subcarinal Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Noninvasively and accurately predicting subcarinal lymph node metastasis (SLNM) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. This study was designed to develop and validate a tumor and subcarinal lymph nodes (tumor-SLNs) dual-region computed tomography (CT) radiomics model for predicting SLNM in NSCLC.

Methods: This retrospective study included NSCLC patients who underwent lung resection and SLNs dissection between January 2017 and December 2020.

Polymer Lewis Base for Improving the Charge Transfer in Tin-Lead Mixed Perovskite Solar Cells.

The poor film stability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite film and the mismatched interface energy levels pose significant challenges in enhancing the efficiency of tin-lead (Sn-Pb) mixed perovskite solar cells. In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is introduced into the PVK perovskite precursor solution, effectively enhancing the overall stability of the film. This improvement is achieved through the formation of robust coordination bonds between the carbonyl (C=O) in the pyrrole ring and the undercoordinated Sn and Pb, thereby facilitating the passivation of defects.

Corynoxine promotes TFEB/TFE3-mediated autophagy and alleviates Aβ pathology in Alzheimer's disease models.

Autophagy impairment is a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. TFEB (transcription factor EB) and TFE3 (transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3) are nuclear transcription factors that regulate autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. We previously showed that corynoxine (Cory), a Chinese medicine compound, protects neurons from Parkinson's disease (PD) by activating autophagy.

Longitudinal wastewater surveillance of four key pathogens during an unprecedented large-scale COVID-19 outbreak in China facilitated a novel strategy for addressing public health priorities-A proof of concept study.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a promising tool for monitoring the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens, providing a novel public health strategy to combat disease. In this study, we first analysed nationwide reports of infectious diseases and selected Salmonella, norovirus, and influenza A virus (IAV) as prioritized targets apart from SARS-CoV-2 for wastewater surveillance. Next, the decay rates of Salmonella, norovirus, and IAV in wastewater at various temperatures were established to obtain corrected pathogen concentrations in sewage.

Remote sensing algorithm for retrieving global-scale sea surface solar irradiance.

This paper presents a new remote sensing (RS) algorithm for retrieving instantaneous sea surface solar irradiance (SR) by using the XGBoost (XGB) package in RStudio and available remote sensing data along with ground-truth solar irradiance data. By means of XGB, the new RS algorithm, called LSU model, was structurally built with nine key RS parameters, including photosynthetically available radiation (PAR); instantaneous PAR (iPAR); water leaving reflectance Rrs at wavelengths 412, 443, 469, and 488 nm; angstrom; aerosol optical thickness (aot_869); and latitude that represent major sources and sinks of solar irradiance, as model input variables. Among the nine parameters, the most important four parameters are PAR, iPAR, latitude, and aot_869.

PPARɑ Ligand Caudatin Improves Cognitive Functions and Mitigates Alzheimer's Disease Defects By Inducing Autophagy in Mice Models.

The autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) is a major cellular machinery involved in the clearance of aggregated proteins in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, ALP is dramatically impaired during AD pathogenesis via accumulation of toxic amyloid beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated-Tau (phospho-Tau) proteins in the brain. Therefore, activation of ALP may prevent the increased production of Aβ and phospho-Tau in AD.

Characterisation of a laccase isolated from Trametes hirsuta and its application in the oligomerisation of phenolic compounds.

Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in nature and industrial environment, and their detoxification or bioactive enhancement is of great value to environmental protection and industrial development. Laccases are multicopper oxidases that catalyse the oligo- or polymerisation of phenolic compounds. Identifying new laccase producers and investigating their application potential are of great importance.

Open Arthrolysis for Chronic Elbow Dislocation with Extremely Severe Stiffness in Children.

Objective: Studies on extremely severe elbow stiffness after chronic dislocation in children are scarce. This study aims to investigate the choice of surgical treatment modalities and to analyze their treatment efficacy in children with chronic elbow dislocation with extremely severe periarticular stiffness.

Methods: Data of 21 children with chronic elbow dislocation with extremely severe periarticular stiffness diagnosed and treated in our department between February 2015 and February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of transarterial sevelamer embolization in a rabbit liver cancer model: A challenge on the size rule for vascular occlusion.

As the most efficient method to treat hepatocellular carcinoma in the immediate or advanced stage, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is coming into the era of microsphere (MP). Drug-eluting beads have shown their huge potential as an embolic agent and drug carrier for chemoembolization, but their sizes are strictly limited to be above 40 μm, which was considered to occlude vessels in a safe mode. microsphere smaller than 40 µm is easy to be washed out and transported to the normal liver lobe or other organs, causing severe adverse events and failed embolization.

Deep learning-based ensemble modeling of Vibrio parahaemolyticus concentration in marine environment.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V.p) is a marine pathogenic bacterium that poses a high risk to human health and shellfish industry, yet an effective regional-scale nowcasting model for managing the risk remains lacking. This study presents the first regional-scale model for nowcasting the level of V.

Effects of digital elevation model data source on HSPF-based watershed-scale flow and water quality simulations.

Digital elevation models (DEMs) from different sources have been widely utilized in watershed modeling and environment management. Yet, little is known about how DEMs from different data sources affect modeling results and management decisions. This paper presents new insights into how the DEMs from three different sources affect model-simulated flow, nitrate (NO), phosphorus (P), and sediment by using the BASINS/HSPF watershed modeling system.

Optimum environmental conditions controlling prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus in marine environment.

This literature review presents major environmental indicators and their optimum variation ranges for the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the marine environment by critically reviewing and statistically analyzing more than one hundred studies from countries around the world. Results of this review indicated that the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the marine environment is primarily responsive to favorable environmental conditions that are described with environmental indicators. The importance of environmental indicators to the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus can be ranked from the highest to lowest as Sea Surface Temperature (SST), salinity, pH, chlorophyll a, and turbidity, respectively.

Alkali Metal Cations Modulate the Energy Level of SnO via Micro-agglomerating and Anchoring for Perovskite Solar Cells.

N-type tin oxide (SnO) films are commonly used as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, SnO films are of poor quality due to facile agglomeration under a low-temperature preparation method. In addition, energy level mismatch between the SnO and perovskite (PVK) layer as well as interfacial charge recombination would cause open-circuit voltage loss.

Colorimetric Aptasensor Based on Fe₃O₄-Cu Nanozyme with Intrinsic Peroxidase-Like Activity in the Detection of Breast Cancer Exosomes.

Because breast cancer cells such as MCF-7, exhibit vital and developmental signs by exosome secretion, diagnosing them in the blood can provide a good index of the presence of breast cancer. However, accurate and inexpensive detection of exosomes in clinical practice faces challenges. Therefore, in the presents study, an aptasensor based on CD63 aptameriron oxide-copper ion nanozymes (Fe₃O₄-Cu-NZs) was designed with the ability of the CD63 aptamer to interact with the exosome and the release of the Fe₃O₄-Cu-NZs for peroxidase-like activity on the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB).

Pharmacological modulation of autophagy for Alzheimer's disease therapy: Opportunities and obstacles.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent and deleterious neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an irreversible and progressive impairment of cognitive abilities as well as the formation of amyloid (A) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. By far, the precise mechanisms of AD are not fully understood and no interventions are available to effectively slow down progression of the disease. Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that is crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis by targeting damaged organelles, pathogens, and disease-prone protein aggregates to lysosome for degradation.