Efforts to optimize the longevity of dairy cows are hindered by the increased risk of adverse health events, culling or dying on farm with increased parity. Lipidomics provides a platform to help identify important biomarkers and biological pathways associated with increased parity and associated aging. A large, multi-site (15 pasture-based, 15 TMR farms) cross-sectional study collected plasma samples from nonlactating, late pregnant, 'dry' cow (696 cows, ~27 d prepartum) and peak-milk cows (796 cows, ~58 DIM) in a disproportionate stratified (parity: 0, 1, 2, > 2 for dry cows; 1, 2, 3, > 3 for peak-milk cows) random sampling frame.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis the largest butterfly in China and is highly valued for its ornamental beauty. Due to being classified as a national second-class protected species in China, studying its spatial distribution is crucial for developing effective conservation measures. In this study, a total of 490 distribution points were obtained, and the potential distribution areas of the golden-sheathed were analyzed by using the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) based on three different greenhouse gas emission scenarios, namely, SSP1-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(Hübner, 1808) is a significant global agricultural pest, particularly posing a major threat during the boll-forming stage of cotton. In recent years, the severity of its damage has increased markedly, and its population dynamics and biological characteristics may be profoundly affected by global climate change. This study conducted a systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the life history traits of under conditions of rising global temperatures, different photoperiods, and humidity levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBatocera horsfieldi is the primary stemboring pest of timber forests and economic forests in China, belonging to the Coleoptera Cerambycidae. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the volatile components in the supplementary feeding hosts and oviposition hosts of B. horsfieldi, and characteristic fingerprints were constructed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(J.E. Smith) is a significant economic pest that has recently invaded Africa and Asia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a pest that poses a significant threat to agricultural crops, especially cotton, and is now widely distributed across many regions worldwide. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis on the collected experimental data and found that within the suitable temperature range, the survival rate of increases with rising temperatures, indicating that climate plays a decisive role in its distribution. Using the MaxEnt model this study predicted that under three future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn a bushfire burning of plant material generates volatile phenolics that may be absorbed by berries and leaves of grapes in nearby vineyards. In grapes these phenolics form glycoconjugates and the undesirable sensory attributes of smoke-exposed grapes only develop post-fermentation in the wine making process, when the free phenolics are released. To reduce the financial losses from producing smoke-tainted wines, phenolic glycosides associated with smoke-taint in grapes are currently monitored in analytical laboratories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fructans are water-soluble carbohydrates that accumulate in wheat and are thought to contribute to a pool of stored carbon reserves used in grain filling and tolerance to abiotic stress.
Results: In this study, transgenic wheat plants were engineered to overexpress a fusion of two fructan biosynthesis pathway genes, wheat sucrose: sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (Ta1SST) and wheat sucrose: fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (Ta6SFT), regulated by a wheat ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit (TaRbcS) gene promoter. We have shown that T4 generation transgene-homozygous single-copy events accumulated more fructan polymers in leaf, stem and grain when compared in the same tissues from transgene null lines.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactate in ruminal fluid are products resulting from the microbial fermentation of substrates and can be used to reflect the composition and activity of the ruminal microbiome. Determination of SCFA and D-/L-lactate in ruminal fluid currently requires two separate protocols, which is time-consuming and costly. In this study, we have optimised and validated a simple and unified 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivatisation protocol and a 20 min chiral-LC-MS method for the simultaneous quantification of all SCFA and D- and L-lactate in ruminal fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGen Physiol Biophys
September 2023
This study aimed to examine the clinical and prognostic significance of cell-cycle progression gene 1 (CCPG1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We firstly analyzed CCPG1 expression in various cancers using The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression project databases. The relative expression levels of CCPG1 were determined in 164 paired HCC and adjacent tissues using immunohistochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(Hope) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important forest pest in China that mainly infests timber and economic forests. This pest primarily causes plant tissue to necrotize, rot, and eventually die by feeding on the woody parts of tree trunks. To gain a deeper understanding of the genetic mechanism of , this study employed single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT) and Illumina RNA-seq technologies to conduct full-length transcriptome sequencing of the insect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant specialization and pollination network structure play important roles in community assembly. Floral traits can mediate plant-pollinator interactions and thus have important impacts on nestedness and modularity of pollination network. When such traits are phylogenetically conserved, therefore, phylogeny and traits should predict network structure to similar degrees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolypyrimidine tract‑binding protein 1 (PTBP1) plays an important role in tumor immunity, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy by regulating RNA metabolism. However, the specific function and mechanism of PTBP1 in ferroptosis remain unclear. In the present study, it was investigated whether PTBP1 regulates ferroptosis and the exact mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMilk is a rich source of lipids, with the major components being triglycerides (TAG) and phospholipids (mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol (PI)). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the predominant technique for lipid identification and quantification across all biological samples. While fatty acid (FA) composition of the major lipid classes of milk can be readily determined using tandem MS, elucidating the regio-distribution and double bond position of the FA remains difficult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrospun fiber membranes have great potential in the field of air filtration because of their high porosity and small pore size. Conventional air filtration membranes are hydrophilic, leading to weak moisture-barrier properties, which hinders their application in high-humidity environments. In this study, eugenol was added to polyvinyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose (EC) for electrospinning and electrospraying, respectively, of superhydrophobic bilayer composite fiber membranes to efficiently filter particulate matter (PM) in air.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Biochem Biotechnol
February 2023
Carbon fixation and conversion based on Clostridium ljungdahlii have great potential for the sustainable production of biochemicals (i.e., 2,3-butanediol, acetic acid, and ethanol).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
November 2022
The promotion of cellulose-based paper straws is one of the important ways to improve white pollution nowadays. However, developing composite straws that are simultaneously highly biocompatible, safe, and non-toxic and that overcome the low water stability and physical strength problems caused by the inherent hydrophilicity of the raw material cellulose has become an important challenge in the development process. In this study, a new all-natural superhydrophobic straw (CFS) made of a composite of cellulose nanofibers and stearic acid was introduced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlucosinolates (GSLs) are important secondary metabolites that play important defensive roles in cruciferous plants. Chinese flowering cabbage, one of the most common vegetable crops, is rich in GSLs and thus has the potential to reduce the risk of cancer in humans. Many genes that are involved in GSL biosynthesis and metabolism have been identified in the model plant ; however, few studies investigated the genes related to GSL biosynthesis and metabolism in Chinese flowering cabbage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort-chain fatty acids (SCFA, C2-C5) in milk and serum are derived from rumen bacterial fermentation and, thus, have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the health status of dairy cows. Currently, there is no comprehensive and validated method that can be used to analyse all SCFAs in both bovine serum and milk. This paper reports an optimised protocol, combining 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivatisation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis for quantification of SCFA and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) in both bovine milk and bovine serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2022
Ferroptosis is a kind of cell death closely related to selective autophagy, such as ferritinophagy, lipophagy, clockophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. However, the role of reticulophagy, which specifically degrades endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fragments (also known as ER-phagy), in ferroptosis regulation is still unclear. In this study, we found that sorafenib (ferroptosis inducer) can effectively activate the receptor protein FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy, and FAM134B knockdown not only blocked ER-phagy but also significantly strengthened cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis without affecting macroautophagy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHundreds of phospholipid (PL) species with defined fatty acid (FA) composition have been identified previously in bovine milk using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Paterno-Buchi photochemical reaction coupled with LC-MS/MS was applied in this study to further unravel the regio-distribution and double bond (DB) locations of FAs. Using SPE-purified PLs and 2-acetylpyridine as the photochemical derivatization reagent, we were able to reveal the non-specific regio-distribution of unsaturated FAs and the widespread occurrence of regioisomers in milk PLs.
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